I. Huizhou History and Culture
Huizhou, referred to as "emblem" for short, was called Zhangzhou in ancient times, also known as Xin 'an. Huizhou is a clear regional concept. In the ninth year of Emperor Wendi (589), the county was changed to a state, and the county was unified by the state. Yun and Yi counties were merged into Haining as a state, and the state ruled Haining. The downtown county was changed to Xin 'an County, and the original Sui 'an and Shou Chang merged into Xin 'an County, which was placed under the jurisdiction of Wuzhou (now Jiang Jinhua). The jurisdiction of Zhangzhou is only half that of Xin 'an County, which is the basic area of Huizhou today. In the third year of Xuanhe in Song Huizong (A.D. 1 12 1), Zhou She was changed to Huizhou, where she ruled today. Since then, Shexian, yi county, Xiuning, Wuyuan, Jixi and Qimen have been unified for four generations. Huangshan prefecture-level city was formally established in July, 1988. It has jurisdiction over Tunxi District, Huizhou District, huangshan district, Shexian County, yi county, Xiuning and Qimen, which is basically Huizhou in the traditional sense.
Huizhou planning
The construction and development of ancient villages in Huizhou are deeply influenced by deep-seated cultures such as geomantic omen, morality and consanguinity, such as Niuxinghong Village in yi county planned by geomantic omen masters and Chengkan Village in Bagua Village in Huizhou District. The unique regional customs of Huizhou ancient village "small bridge, flowing water and people" also made Huizhou win the reputation of "village in the Peach Blossom Garden".
Although the ancient villages are very old, the dilapidated houses are difficult to adapt to the life of contemporary people. However, with the development of the times, the traditional lifestyle of ancient villages has left a deep impression on modern people, allowing urban residents to truly experience the richness of ancient village life. Huizhou's grey walls, tiled walls, horsehead walls, mottled walls, bluestone roads and old stone bridges have laid the foundation for the return of modern people.
Huizhou architecture
The old buildings in ancient villages are the core of reflecting the historical and cultural values and traditional features of villages. Huizhou ancient village integrates heaven, earth and people. The classic architectural art with both form and spirit, the unity of heaven and earth, the unique village pattern and the quiet life interest all reflect an aesthetic architectural art.
Second, the protection and development of ancient villages in Huizhou
As a special type of beautiful countryside construction, Huizhou ancient villages should respect the delineation of the protection scope of ancient villages. On the one hand, we should focus on the present situation of ancient villages, on the other hand, we should also consider the future development of different levels of protection control areas and the integrity of coordination areas, so as to provide flexible space for the protection and development of ancient villages. At the same time, the protection and development of ancient villages is also a continuous and continuous improvement process.
Population migration
At present, it is a common phenomenon that a large number of local people move out of traditional villages in China. With the development of tourism, there will be cases where local people rent their old houses to foreigners and their newly-built houses live in the periphery of the village, causing the local population to move out again. Villagers are the soul of the village, and the support of residents and returning entrepreneurs has become the basis for the revival of ancient villages and the key to promoting the harmonious and stable development of ancient villages.
living environment
"Beauty" is the focus of beautiful countryside's construction, while keeping the village environment clean and tidy. At the same time, it also includes the management of comprehensive environment, which includes the background environment rooted in ancient villages, such as farmland, orchards, forest vegetation, water system, topography and so on. The continuation of agricultural production and lifestyle is reflected in the respect for history in the protection and development of ancient villages, and more emphasis is placed on the influence of comprehensive environmental factors in the construction of beautiful countryside.
Computer room environment
The protection of ancient village buildings should follow the principle of "repairing the old as the old". That is, the style, volume, color, height and materials of the building should be coordinated with the old building, and the original materials and components should be used as much as possible when conditions permit, at least the local traditional materials should be used on the important facade along the street. Instead of the ancient village under construction, it will become the same antique street or a brand-new building. The purpose of "repairing the old as the old" is to maintain the distinctive features of the architectural style of ancient villages in a certain historical period, so that the traditional features and historical culture of villages can be continued and passed down.
The combination of agriculture and tourism
The combination of agriculture and tourism is an inevitable choice for rural construction. The development of ancient villages in Huizhou relies too much on tourism, but the combination of agriculture and tourism is not detailed enough. In the process of building beautiful countryside, we can speed up the industrial transformation, extend the industrial chain, expand the experience industry and develop the industrial demonstration zone. Realize the retention of homesickness and beautiful fields, realize the combination of interactive projects of agricultural tourism experience, and improve the happiness value and sense of identity of villagers.
Huizhou ancient villages have distinctive features, the style and architecture of Huizhou ancient villages are basically the same, and the villages are well integrated with the surrounding landscape, which is one of the most concentrated areas of the seven ancient villages in China. The architectural colors of black, white and gray blend into the vast mountains and rivers, which are quite distinctive among the seven ancient villages in China.