The difference is that Guan Zhong attaches importance to the economy, opposes empty talk, advocates reforming and enriching Qiang Bing, divides administrative regions throughout the country, organizes military establishment, and establishes official management; Establishing a talent selection system can be regarded as "the praise of superiors" (assistant) after three trials; Taxes are classified according to land, and nobles are forbidden to plunder private property; Develop the salt and iron industry and adjust the price of coins. The essence of Guanzhong reform is to abolish slavery and transition to feudalism. Guanzhong's reform has achieved remarkable results, greatly enhancing the national strength of Qi. Externally, Guan Zhong proposed to "respect the king and resist foreign countries" and unite with neighboring countries in the north to resist the invasion of Shanrong nationality.
Shang Yang talked about hegemony with Qin Xiaogong, got the support of Xiao Gong, and fought with Gandu, which strengthened his determination to reform Xiao Gong. There were two reforms, including the first reform in 356 BC, which included: (1) enacting laws, making laws of sitting together, and using heavy penalties for minor crimes; (2) Rewarding meritorious military service, prohibiting private fighting, and promulgating the system of conferring the twentieth rank on the basis of meritorious military service; (3) emphasizing agriculture and restraining commerce, rewarding agriculture and weaving, and especially rewarding land reclamation; (4) Burning Confucian classics and prohibiting people from wandering around the government. In 350 BC, Shang Yang carried out the second political reform and further carried out economic and political reforms. The contents include: (1) Abolish the aristocratic Jing Tian system and "expand the territory"; (2) generally implement the county system and set up county-level bureaucracy; (3) Move the capital to Xianyang and build a palace; (4) unifying the measurement system and promulgating standards for weights and measures; (five) began to collect military tax by households and population; (6) Get rid of the remnants of Rongdi custom, and prohibit father and son from sharing the same room. Two political reforms made the great rule of Qin.
Guan Zhong's political reform made Qi develop rapidly, its national strength was strong, and its diplomatic strategy was quite successful. The governors of all countries respected Qi and made Qi Huangong the first overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period, but it did not solve the domestic contradictions and hidden dangers. Therefore, after his death, the hegemony of Qi declined, and the hegemony of the Central Plains was gradually replaced by Jin.
With Qin Xiaogong's strong support, Shang Yang's political reform carried out a great reform in the State of Qin, and since then, Legalism has been dominant. However, the harsh criminal law, especially the high-handed policy of "burning books and prohibiting lobbying" advocated by Shang Yang, also destroyed the ancient culture of China. Although Shang Yang was later killed, the result of the political reform has taken root in Qin State, laying the foundation for Qin State to unify the world.