Kaifeng, the capital of the Song Dynasty, is an ancient capital that prospered because of the Grand Canal. The Five Dynasties began to become a political and economic center, and the capital was formally established here in the following week. The Northern Song Dynasty was richer, with a population of nearly one million. The second inner city, Zhoucheng in the Tang Dynasty, has a history of "twenty miles and fifty paces a week", with Miyagi rebuilt by the state government to the north of the inner city center and Guo Cheng expanded in the second year of Xiande in 955, which is more than forty miles a week. From Xuande Gate, the main entrance of Miyagi, to the south, through Qiao Zhou on the Bianhe River and Zhuquemen, the main entrance of the inner city, to Nanxun Gate, the main entrance of Guo Cheng, this is the longitudinal axis of the city. There are east-west main roads near Qiao Zhou, which intersect with the longitudinal axis of the city, that is, the horizontal axis. These are similar to the capital layout since Yecheng in Han and Wei Dynasties. In the outer Manchuria of Miyagi Prefecture, there is a royal garden Genyue, and there are more than 70 temples in the city. There are also large gardens outside the city, such as Jin Ming Pool and Joan Lin Yuan, which enrich the urban landscape. For the first time, the capital of song dynasty set up a T-shaped vertical square between the main entrance of Miyagi and the main entrance of the inner city. All these had a great influence on the layout of the capital from later generations to the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

With the gradual development of urban economy, shops began to appear on the street in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, the Li Fang system and the central bazaar system in the Tang Dynasty were officially abolished, and shops were allowed to be set up in the adjacent streets. Since then, this has diversified the urban landscape, enriched the lives of citizens and changed the structure of urban planning. These can be seen clearly from the song painting "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival". Influenced by the spiritual field, the architecture of the Song Dynasty lost the majestic momentum of the architecture of the Tang Dynasty, and it was small, gorgeous and changeable, showing a delicate and soft style, and various complicated forms such as halls, platforms, buildings and pavilions appeared. Great changes have taken place in the architectural structure of the Song Dynasty, especially the load-bearing function of the bucket arch has been greatly weakened, and the ratio of arch height to column height has become smaller and smaller. Some Angs that once played an important role in the structure have been replaced by oblique fu, and the number of interlining flowers has also increased. During this period, building components, building methods and quantity estimation were further standardized on the basis of the Tang Dynasty, and books summarizing these experiences appeared-Building Methods and Wood Classics. Among them, Li Jie's Architectural Method is the most comprehensive and scientific architectural work in ancient China, and the earliest and most complete architectural work in the world, which is equivalent to the "national standard" of the construction industry in the Song Dynasty. In 9 16, the northern "barbarian" qidan nationality established the Liao dynasty, invaded Shanxi and northern Hebei, absorbed the Han culture and entered the feudal society. Since the north became a separatist region from the end of the Tang Dynasty, the architectural style in the later period was rarely influenced by the Central Plains and the South, so the architecture in the Liao Dynasty maintained many styles of the Five Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty, and the nomadic people's uninhibited character made the architecture look solemn and steady. Some temples in Liao Dynasty face east, which is related to the religious beliefs and life customs of Qidan people who believe in ghosts and gods, worship the sun and put east first. Later, the Jin Dynasty appeared in the field of architecture, because the craftsmen were all Han Chinese. The architecture had both Song and Liao styles, but it was closer to the soft and beautiful Song Dynasty architecture, and many works were bulky and piled up.

Since the Tang Dynasty, the closed Li Fang system has collapsed, and various markets have spread all over the streets. Morning markets, night markets, temple fairs and various festival markets are all common. Economic prosperity, affluent life and prosperous entertainment. There are tile markets inside and outside Kaifeng. Washi, also known as Washe, Wasi and Wazi, was a market for commodity trading in the Song Dynasty and a concentrated place for zaju artists. Wu explained in "Liang Lumeng": "Washe means that it is easy to gather and disperse when coming." "Dream Volume XIX WASHE" records: "Hang Cheng and Shaoxing were stationed here, and the sergeant said that Yang was a Dorsey, and set up a WASHE in the city to gather prostitutes' music, thinking that the sergeant was a place for leisure entertainment. "According to Volume II of Tokyo Dream, the situation of one of the tile markets in Bianjing is:" Sangjiawazi is in the south of the street, the middle depression is in the north, and the son is in the middle. Among them, there are more than 50 goulan buildings, among which the lotus shed, peony shed, hag shed and elephant shed in Zhongwazi are the largest, which can accommodate thousands of people. Since Ding Xianxian, Wang Tuanzi and Zhang Qisheng, can anyone here do it later? "It can be seen that artists who perform drama often use railings to build fences as temporary performance venues. A large ceramic tile market can accommodate more than ten goulan. According to Du Yuan's Sanqu "Bankers Don't Know How to Cross Hedges": "I want 200 yuan to let me go, and I got a wooden slope on the door and sat there layer by layer. Looking up at the bell tower, looking down at the whirlpool of people. I saw several women sitting on the platform, not welcoming the gods, but beating gongs and drums "Visible GouLan is made of wood, there are doorways. Going uphill after entering the door, the audience sat in rows. According to the Song Dynasty's "West Lake Old Man's Prosperity Record": "The famous tile in Lin 'an should include the south tile next to Liangqing Bridge, the middle tile in Sanyuan Building, the north tile in Zhong 'an Bridge and the big tile in Sanqiao Street. Beiwa is the largest, with 13 goulan blocks. "It can be seen that there were many tile markets at that time, which attracted a large number of fixed audiences, and also attracted literati who could not enter the officialdom to devote themselves to creation, which promoted the prosperity of Zaju in the Song Dynasty.