Words. The number of architectural lanterns handed down from Japan is the largest, among which four kinds of architectural lanterns, such as obsidian and oil drop in Song Dynasty, are regarded as Japan's national treasures, so they are not second. In addition to Japan, many famous museums in the United States also have collections of Jianzhan. Because J.M. Plummer has investigated water-based kiln sites, the University of Michigan has a large sample collection. Of course, the Palace Museum and Shanghai Museum in China also have precious samples of Jianzhan, but at present, one of the biggest treasures seems to be the ancient kiln site that has not been excavated and cleaned up much. Jianzhan has different glaze types such as oil drops, rabbit hair and partridge spots. The glaze of oil droplets is mostly irregular crystals with clear boundaries. The oil drops at the bottom of the cup are particularly precious.
Rabbit hair is mostly filamentous and radially crystallized. Song Huizong mentioned in "Daguan Tea Theory": "The light is blue and black, and the jade hair is the best."
The obsidian markings of the partridge spot are between rabbit hair and oil droplets, and the crystal edges are adhered. Occasionally, the stripes have a faint rainbow color, which is very rare.
Kiln black glaze is a kind of crystalline glaze, which belongs to lime glaze with high iron content, so it has the basic conditions for firing black glaze; At the same time, lime glaze has strong viscosity, and its biggest feature is that it flows easily at high temperature. Therefore, there is often glaze hanging at the bottom of the outer wall of the building, and the mouth of the utensil is thin along the glaze layer, reddish brown, and some are similar to awnings.
The basic characteristics of Jian Yao black porcelain fetal quality are: the cross section is black or grayish black and dark brown, which is caused by high iron content; The fetal bone is thick and hard. Knock it.
There is a metallic sound, commonly known as "iron tire", which feels heavy; There are more sand grains, so the tire quality is rough and the exposed tire feels rough. From the analysis of firing process, Jian Yao black porcelain is fired at high temperature, and the tire soil is too fine, so the porcelain is easily deformed. It is precisely because of the heavy carcass of Jian Yao black porcelain sword lamp, which contains tiny pores, that it is conducive to the heat preservation of tea soup and meets the demand of tea fighting, so it became one of the best tea sets in the Song Dynasty.