Confucius is the main representative of China's traditional culture, and has made important contributions to the development of China's history and culture. So
Confucius is the main representative of China's traditional culture, and has made important contributions to the development of China's history and culture. So what? The following are some of the contents I collected, hoping to help you.
: benevolence
Benevolence is the core of Confucius' moral view. What is benevolence? Fan Chi asked Confucius, and Confucius answered "The benevolent loves others" and "The Analects of Yan Yuan". Confucius defined "benevolence" as "loving others" and explained: "A kind person wants to build himself, and he wants to realize it." The Analects of Confucius is "Don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" and The Analects of Wei Linggong. An important embodiment of the spiritual value of "benevolence" is to put yourself in others' shoes, that is, to compare yourself and never put what you don't want on others' heads. The so-called benevolence means that you should stand on your own feet and let others stand on their own feet; Understand yourself and let others understand. Let others have what they want; What you want to achieve, you have to let others achieve it. "Benevolence" is a heartfelt concern and love for others.
As an important spiritual connotation of benevolence, "love" has a wide range of applicability. In the value connotation of Confucius' "benevolence", a series of contents involved in "love" profoundly reflect Confucius' concern for the public. Confucius believes that caring for the people with a broad and generous mind is a manifestation of "benevolence", that is, "loving people and being kind." Not only that, Confucius also regards "benevolence" as the highest principle and pursuit goal of being a man. Confucius said, "It is better for a gentleman to be famous than to be benevolent? If a gentleman has no final food, he will violate benevolence and will do it again. " The Analects of Confucius, establishing people. If a gentleman leaves benevolence, what is the name? A gentleman will not have a moment to deviate from the right path of life, stick to it when he is in a hurry and stick to it when he is in danger. In other words, he should follow the principle of benevolence under any circumstances, no matter when and where. This is a gentleman with moral cultivation.
: righteousness
Justice means doing just and reasonable things. Confucius first put forward "righteousness", which is regarded as an indispensable moral quality and a moral principle to judge people's thoughts and behaviors. The meaning of righteousness mainly includes three aspects, one is integrity. Confucius said, "Zhang Zi asked the scholar: Can this be said?" At that time, he replied: "People with ambition are straightforward and upright people." The Analects of Confucius, Yan Yuan. He regards integrity as an important symbol of great virtue. Second, it is profit-seeking, not doing anything against morality. Confucius affirmed human nature, attached importance to personal material interests, and advocated that people live a rich life. Confucius said: "being rich and expensive is what people want, and there is nowhere to find it;" Poverty and meanness are human evils. You won't go unless you get them their way. " The Analects of Confucius, establishing people. Getting rich and being an official is what everyone wants, and it will not be accepted unless it is obtained through proper methods and channels. He has also been busy living a rich life for himself. "I have money and want. Although I am a whip-wielding person, I do the same." The Analects of Confucius But Confucius thought that "unjust wealth is like a cloud to me". He did not pursue interests unilaterally, but combined interests with righteousness, put interests before righteousness, and advocated taking appropriate methods to obtain interests on the premise of morality, so as to "see what interests are like" and "see what interests mean". When you get a benefit, you should ask yourself whether the benefit is "appropriate". Is it consistent with "righteousness"? If it is just, you can boldly take it. If it is not in line with justice, don't take it. Third, advocating honesty, Confucius said: "People with lofty ideals don't have to survive to harm benevolence, but have to die." Wei Linggong's Analects. Although Confucius valued life, he never dragged out an ignoble existence. When Chen was deprived of food, he came to Confucius and said, "Is the gentleman poor?" Lutz believes that a gentleman will never be trapped and poor. Confucius said to Luz, "A gentleman is poor, but a villain is poor." "The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong" Confucius believed that a gentleman had integrity, and he insisted on his integrity when he was poor, which reflected his personal sense of responsibility and responsibility. This sense of responsibility and responsibility often become the spiritual strength for people to consciously safeguard justice, be loyal to the nation and the country, do their duty for the society and serve the people, and create many tragic heroes who have sacrificed their lives for justice, their lives and heroic sacrifices.
: Politeness
Confucius, like his attitude towards "benevolence", also attached great importance to the function and function of "ceremony", and thought that ceremony was the external expression and norm of benevolence. Learning and using "courtesy" is the fundamental condition for a person to truly become a learned and morally cultivated person. Confucius said, "Poetry, ceremony, and pleasure are important." . Etiquette is the foundation of standing, and even pointedly pointed out that "you can't stand without learning etiquette", requiring people's words and deeds to conform to etiquette. Everyone should take etiquette as the criterion when watching, listening, speaking and moving. Confucius said, "see no evil, don't listen if you are indecent, don't speak if you are indecent, and don't move if you are indecent." The Analects of Yan Yuan. Don't look at impolite phenomena, don't listen to indecent voices, don't say indecent words, and don't do indecent things.
Confucius attached great importance to ceremony. He hoped that the ceremony would not only stay in the superficial form, but should sincerely express people's feelings. Therefore, Confucius said, "People are unkind and courteous; People are ruthless, such as happiness. " Analects of Confucius, Bashu. If a person is not kind, what's the use of observing etiquette? If a person has no kindness, what is the use of rites and music? The function of etiquette is to express people's feelings. Without the love of others, these ceremonial activities are useless and lifeless. Moreover, Confucius regards "ceremony" as the principle of people's social communication. Confucius believes that mutual respect is politeness, and lovers should show it through politeness. He advocated that "ceremony is the purpose of studying the Analects of Confucius" and "harmony" is the purpose of "ceremony". He pointed out that harmony is restricted by ceremony, and it is not if we blindly pursue harmony without ceremony. " "Gentleman is harmonious but different, villain is the same but not harmonious", which points out the difference between "harmony" and "similarity": "harmony" is based on ceremony and has principles; "Tong" is based on personal interests, and it is unprincipled.
Of course, Confucius hates immoral people and people who destroy the etiquette system, but Confucius thinks it is also a disaster to hate unkind people. It is believed that "people are ruthless, seriously ill and chaotic." The Analects of Confucius Taber. Confucius had a student named Gong, who was later called "Shengmen Mao". At the critical moment of the fall of Sandu, Confucius stood on Ji's side and said bad things, which led to the loss of his official position, and he was quite responsible for the failure of the fall of Sandu and Confucius to leave Lu.