When I was young, I studied medicine seriously and opened a pharmacy in Beijing to practice medicine. My medical skills are profound and quite noisy. Due to the careful study of Huang Qi, his innovative spirit was widely praised for criticizing the human body structure in ancient books that was inconsistent with the reality, and he dared to put forward corrections and criticisms.
Taste to "write a book, I don't know that the viscera is not an idiotic dream; If you don't know the viscera, you can't see the blind walking at night. So, you carefully observe the structure of the human body, draw pictures, correct the mistakes of predecessors, and write "Medical Forest Correction".
Wang Qingren was a doctor who paid attention to practice in China in Qing Dynasty. He has made new contributions to the theory of qi and blood in TCM, especially in promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. He created many prescriptions for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, focusing on distinguishing different parts of blood stasis and giving targeted treatment respectively. His prescription is valued in the field of traditional Chinese medicine and widely used in clinic, with reliable curative effect.
Promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis is an important heritage in the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine. Since Qin and Han Dynasties, the method of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis has been continuously enriched and improved, especially the academic achievements of Wang Qingren in Qing Dynasty. His academic thoughts not only contributed to the discipline of women and children inside and outside Chinese medicine, but also had important guiding significance to acupuncture clinic.
In the clinical application of acupuncture, the most commonly used operation method is pricking blood therapy. Pricking blood with triangular needle, tapping bleeding with plum blossom needle, or cupping after tapping bleeding to increase the amount of bleeding. Acupuncture can directly remove blood stasis, eliminate blood stasis and dredge meridians.
This rule can be applied to all diseases, such as stagnation of qi and blood in meridians, formation of blood stasis, or prolonged illness entering collaterals. It has a wide range of clinical applications, accurate syndrome differentiation and more effective methods.
2. Zhan Tianyou (1861April 26, 2009-1965438+April 24, 2009, English name: Jeme Tien Yow), Han nationality, name asap,No. Dachao. Originally from Wuyuan, Huizhou, he was born in Nanhai County, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. Its former residence is located at No.42, Bag Lane, Shierfu West Street, Enning Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou.
12 years old studied in the United States, 1878 years old was admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Yale University, majoring in railway engineering. He is an expert in modern railway engineering in China and is known as the first chief railway engineer in China. He is responsible for the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and other projects, and is known as "the father of Chinese railways" and "the father of modern engineering in China".
1905- 1909 presided over the construction of the first railway independently designed and built by China-Zhangjing Railway; The creation of "shaft excavation method" and "herringbone" line shocked China and foreign countries; Great achievements have been made in the planning and construction of Hu Jia, Luotong, Lu Jin, Jinzhou, Pingyi, Xinyi, Chaoshan, Yuehan and other railways. He is the author of Railway Terminology and Brief Introduction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Project.
From 65438 to 0888, Zhan Tianyou was recommended by his old classmate Mou to be an engineer in China Railway Company. Zhan Tianyou personally visited the construction site and shared weal and woe with the workers, which lasted more than 70 days and was completed and opened to traffic.
Tangshan Railway is located in the east of Tangshan Mine 1 No.3 well in Kailuan Coal Mine. A railway passes through a culvert with a history of hundreds of years, and passes under Xinhua Road, the main road in Tangshan city, with a total length of12km. This is the first international standard gauge railway in China. Originally built from Tangshan Mine to Xugezhuang in Fengnan, it is still an important part of Jingshan Railway.
Jing-Zhang Railway is the first railway in China, which is built and managed by Zhan Tianyou. It connects Fengtai District of Beijing, passes Badaling, Juyongguan, Shacheng and Xuanhua to Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, with a total length of about 200 kilometers. 1905 started in September and was completed in less than four years 1909.
It is the first railway in China designed and put into operation by China people without using foreign capital and personnel. This railway project is arduous. Now it is called beijing-baotou railway, and the former Jingzhang section was the first section of beijing-baotou railway. The Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway was blocked by the Qing government by colonialists such as Britain and Russia, and Zhan Tianyou was appointed as the chief engineer of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Bureau (later as the general manager of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Bureau).
3. Zeng Guofan (18 1 1 year165438+1October 26th-1March 872 12), formerly known as Zicheng, was born in. China was a politician, strategist, philosopher and writer in modern times, the founder and commander-in-chief of Xiang Army.
Zeng Guofan was born in a landlord family. He has been diligent and studious since childhood. He entered this school at the age of six. At the age of 8, he can read four books and recite five classics. At the age of 14, he can read Zhou Li and Historical Records. In the 18th year of Daoguang (1838), he entered imperial academy and studied under the military minister Zhang Mu.
Reluctantly moved to a bachelor's degree in cabinet, assistant minister of does, assistant minister of military, industrial, criminal and official departments. We are close friends with university students such as Woren, Huining Road and Guizhen, and strive for "practical learning". During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, Zeng Guofan formed the Xiang Army. After years of fighting, he turned the tide and wiped out the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Throughout his life, he pursued patience as the first priority, and advocated that everything should be frugal and not proud of being an official. He cultivated self-discipline, sought officials by virtue, put courtesy first, and sought politics by loyalty, and achieved great success in officialdom.
The rise of Zeng Guofan had a far-reaching impact on the politics, military affairs, culture and economy of the Qing Dynasty. At Zeng Guofan's initiative, he built the first ship in China, founded the first ordnance school, printed and translated the first batch of western language books, and arranged the first batch of students studying in the United States.
It can be said that Zeng Guofan was the pioneer of China's modernization. Zeng Guofan and Hu Linyi were called "Zeng Hu", while Li Hongzhang, Zuo and Zhang Zhidong were called "four famous ministers of ZTE in the late Qing Dynasty". Official to the governor of Liangjiang, the governor of Zhili, the university student of Wuyingdian, the first-class Yi, posthumous title "Zheng Wen", later called "Ceng Wenzheng".
4. Zuo (1812165438+1October1September 5 1885), Han nationality, is a famous farmer in Hunan. Hunan Xiangyin people. In the late Qing dynasty, he was an important minister, strategist and politician, a famous soldier of Xiang army and one of the representatives of Westernization School. Together with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong, they are called "the four famous ministers of ZTE in the late Qing Dynasty".
Zuo studied at Chengnan College in Changsha, and passed the provincial examination at the age of 20. Although he tried again and again in the exam, he attached importance to agriculture, read a lot of books, and studied geography and Sun Tzu's art of war. Later, he took part in the movement to pacify the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, initiated the Westernization Movement, suppressed the Nian Army, put down the rebellion of Tongzhi in Shaanxi and Gansu, recovered Xinjiang, and promoted the establishment of Xinjiang as a province.
He has served as governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, governor of two rivers, official to university of Dongge, minister of military aircraft, and second-class duke Jing. During the Sino-French War, he invited himself to Fujian to supervise the division. In the 11th year of Guangxu (1885), he died in Fuzhou at the age of 73. As a posthumous gift to Tai Fu, posthumous title's "Wen Xiang" was included in Zhao Zhong and Xianliang Memorial Hall.
On the left are Chu Barracks System (with Articles of Association) and Park Cunge's Agricultural Books (lost). Its manuscripts and official documents are equivalent to the complete works of Zuo Wenxiang in the late Qing Dynasty. In the 1980s and 1990s, Yuelu Bookstore cooperated with Hunan Academy of Social Sciences to compile The Complete Works of Zuo, which increased by one third compared with the previous one? . His poems are also included in Selected Poems of Yixian, Volume 137.
5. Zhang Zhidong (1837-1909) is also called "Shuai" because of his filial piety and Xiang Tao. A famous minister in the late Qing Dynasty, a representative of the Westernization School in the Qing Dynasty, was born in Xingyi Prefecture, Guizhou Province, and his ancestral home was Nanpi, Zhili.
Xianfeng two years (1852), 16 years old Shuntianfu altogether, Tongzhi two years (1863), 27-year-old third flower exploration champion, was awarded editing by imperial academy. He has served as a teacher, waiter, lecturer, bachelor of cabinet, governor of Shanxi, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, governor of Huguang and governor of Liangjiang (acting for many times).
Zhang Zhidong was the leader of the Qing school in his early years and later became the main representative of the Westernization School. In education, he founded Qiangzi School (now the predecessor of Wuhan University), Sanjiang Normal School (now the predecessor of Nanjing University), Hubei Agricultural School, Hubei Wuchang Mengyang College, Hubei Technology School, Ci 'en School (Nanpi No.1 Middle School) and Guangya Academy.
Politically, it advocates that "middle school is the body and western learning is the use". In industry, Hanyang Iron Works, Daye Iron Mine and Hubei Gun Works have been established. When Eight-Nation Alliance invaded, Dagubao fell, and Zhang Zhidong, together with Liu Kunyi, Governor of Liangjiang, negotiated with the consul in Shanghai about "mutual protection in the southeast" and suppressed the independent army uprisings of the reformists such as Tang, Gui Lin and Qin Lishan.
In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908)10/month, in order to take care of the life of the minister, Prince Jin Taibao, he died the following year in Shi Wenxiang. There are complete works of Zhang Wenxiang. Zhang Zhidong, Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zuo are called "four famous ministers of ZTE in the late Qing Dynasty".
While continuing to advocate the reform of traditional education, Zhang Zhidong began to realize the importance of "Western learning" and set out to pilot a new school based on "Western learning". The reform of the academy is represented by the two lakes academy, and the new school is represented by the craft school and the self-improvement school.
In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), Zhang Zhidong founded Lianghu Academy in the former site of Jingxin Academy in Dusihu. There are 240 students in the college, Hunan 100, Hubei 65438, and 40 students in specific business. Four courses, Confucian classics, history, Neo-Confucianism and literature, are offered to train talents who are "famous officials and famous Confucianism".
1896, Zhang reformed the two lakes academy, imitating the western academy, giving lectures every day and checking the students' learning situation every day. The course is changed to four courses: Confucian classics, history and geography, and current affairs, and a dean is set up to explain the economy. Zhang Zhidong also pays more attention to the management of students' study and the control of their thoughts.
1902 the two lakes academy was changed to the two lakes college, which was divided into eight subjects and became a comprehensive college including literature, science and law. The number of students decreased from 240 to 120. At the beginning, it was promoted to Gaotang by outstanding students from Hubei, Hunan, Jingxin and Jianghan academies. Applicants must make up the general course for one year, study for three years, study abroad for another year, and graduate in five years.
The two lakes academy evolved from a traditional academy to a new academy, and finally became a new school with the increase of western courses. 1898, when Zhang Zhidong changed the two academies into schools, he proposed that "the two academies should be divided, with Chinese (learning) as the body and western learning as the application, which not only avoided the mockery of shoddy work, but also avoided the drawbacks of deviance".
But what students are really interested in is the course of "Western Learning". As a result, some students finally "deviant" and engaged in revolutionary activities.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Wang Qingren
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhan Tianyou (China Railway Engineering Expert)
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zeng Guofan (a famous official in the late Qing Dynasty)
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zuo (China politician, strategist and national hero in the late Qing Dynasty)
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhang Zhidong (a historical figure in the late Qing Dynasty)