In ancient China, in order to transmit military information, people set up beacon towers and used fire and smoke to transmit information. "bonfire" refers to smoke and fire, and "bonfire during the day and fire at night" is also called "wolf smoke" in the Tang Dynasty.

Because at that time, Turkic, Xianbei, Tubo and other ethnic minorities worshipped wolves, their troops were called "Wolf Soldiers" at that time, and their monarch was called "Wolf Lord", which means that wolves are coming. Found the enemy lit a bonfire, spread from Taiwan Province to Taiwan Province, spread to the barracks.

2. Kites communicate with sky lanterns

Kites, now used for entertainment, played an important role as an emergency communication tool in ancient times. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu Ban made a "wooden magpie" out of wood, which was the predecessor of the kite. After Cai Lun improved papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty, people made a "paper kite" with bamboo sticks as a frame and paper pasted on it.

In the Five Dynasties, people tied a bamboo whistle to a kite, and the wind blew the bamboo whistle, which sounded like A Zheng. Sky lanterns, also known as Kongming lanterns, are now commonly known as wishing lanterns and blessing sky lanterns. Modern people use them to pray. In ancient times, it was mostly used for military communication, a bit like today's signal flares.

3. Bell and drum communication

Bells and drums are percussion instruments, which can make different sounds by tapping. Except as musical instruments, both of them can transmit information through sound, especially drums, which were widely used in ancient military fields.

4, lighthouse, communication tower communication

In the 7th century BC, the earliest lighthouse of mankind was born in ancient Egypt. The main function of lighthouse is to indicate dangerous sea areas, guide ships to sail, and assist navigation through different colors or different lights or smoke on the lighthouse.

/kloc-in France in the 0/8th century, communication towers appeared between Paris and Lille. Set up a communication tower at regular intervals, with wooden columns and cross bars on it. People use telescopes to observe the shape changes of wooden columns and cross bars at the top of the tower and get information. Huh? This seems to be similar to the beacon tower in our country. In addition, some people use semaphore and sign language to convey information.

5. Post the relay book

Postal service is a national communication institution specially established for the government to transmit official documents and military information after the emergence of the country. Mainly through the establishment of post stations at regular intervals on the main traffic lines, that is, institutions responsible for delivering official documents, transferring official materials and providing accommodation for officials coming and going, and equipped with horses and postmen.

In an emergency, relays are used to transmit information. China's post station began in the Zhou Dynasty and is called the post station. Later generations had different names such as postal kiosks and post offices, which were later collectively called post stations. The relay station system makes up for the shortcomings of fast communication but unclear information of beacon tower, and then complements and cooperates with beacon tower.

6. Personal long-distance running book

This way is mainly done through long-distance running. For example, Dai Zongsu, a Liangshan hero in Water Margin, is known as "Shen Xing Pacific Insurance" and can walk 800 miles a day. There are also stories of marathons abroad.

7. Hongyan delivers books

The story of Biography of Hongyan comes from the story of "Su Wu herding sheep" in Biography of Wu. Su Wu, the envoy of Han Dynasty, was detained by Huns. He was brave and unyielding, so he was exiled to no man's land in Beihai (now Lake Baikal) to shepherd sheep. Zhao Han ascended the throne, Han and Hungary reconciled and became husband and wife. The Han Dynasty asked the Huns to release Su Wu, but the Huns lied that Su Wu was dead.

Later, Zhao Han sent messengers to Xiongnu. When he learned that Su Wu was still alive, he lied with a trick that Zhao Han shot a goose with a letter tied to his foot while hunting. The letter said that Su Wu was not dead, but in a Ozawa village. Xiongnu Khan was greatly surprised after hearing this. Seeing that he couldn't deny it, he had to put Su Wu back.

8. Carrier pigeons pass books

As early as the Tang Dynasty, it was very common for carrier pigeons to pass books. Zhang Jiuling, the prime minister and poet of the Tang Dynasty, not only sent letters by carrier pigeons, but also gave them a beautiful name-Feinu. Since then, homing pigeons have been playing an important role in people's lives.

Baidu encyclopedia-ancient communication