Most junior high school students learn history by rote memorization. This method is not only ineffective, but also deviates from the original intention of learning, and it is increasingly inconsistent with the requirements of today's examinations, especially the entrance examination. Because the examination under the new curriculum reform pays attention to the examination of comprehensive ability, the examination questions are more flexible and diverse, and the simple memory questions are less and less. Without a thorough understanding, even the open-book exam doesn't know how to start with books. So how can junior high school students really learn history efficiently?

First, proceed from reality and review history.

Although history is a past tense, it is closely related to reality. History is human memory, and reality is the development and extension of history. Any real problem can be traced back to history. We study history not only for curiosity, but also based on reality and facing the future. If we can start with the practical problems in learning, we can find a suitable starting point, activate the history of the corresponding period in our minds, gain a deeper impression and real feelings, and feel the interest and value of history learning.

So how to find a good breakthrough? The first is to use commemorative activities. Some important historical events or figures often have anniversaries. By then, TV, newspapers and other news media will have a lot of reports and provide a lot of background information, which will provide excellent conditions and atmosphere for us to study history. For example, this year marks the 60th anniversary of the World Anti-Fascist War and the victory of China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and there are many commemorative activities. When we look back at that period of history at this special time, we will definitely feel different in peacetime. The second is to trace back to history through some phenomena in reality, similar to flashback in literature. For example, the United States is the only superpower in the world today. It pursues hegemonism and power politics on a global scale, and its influence can be seen in many unstable places. So how did such a powerful country develop? We can review the history of the United States for more than 200 years along this line of thinking, and summarize and understand its beginning and development.

Second, we advocate thoughtful historical research.

Faced with countless historical events and figures, some students feel particularly overwhelmed and difficult to understand. In fact, blindly sinking into trivial historical fragments will naturally be at a loss. Students can try to sort out some relevant historical facts, form their own opinions, and take this as a guide to historical facts. This can make trivial knowledge gain a kind of vitality and make dead content come alive. And learn to use clear thinking and express your ideas in a reasonable way.

For example, for some influential celebrities, we can sort out the contents scattered in various classes and write a biography about him to get your opinion and evaluation of this person. We can treat important events in the same way. In this process, a variety of abilities have been exercised.

Third, pay attention to the relationship between historical events.

History can't be isolated, but lesson by lesson learning intentionally or unintentionally separates history and turns it into pieces. This requires us to always have a holistic concept in our study, to break through the limitation of "class" and to explore the relationship between events. In the development of history, the former always leads to the latter, and the latter echoes the former, interlocking and continuous. History cannot be stopped or interrupted. In the general review stage, we should learn to sum up ourselves, re-integrate knowledge according to certain learning themes, stand up and live up to the seemingly scattered knowledge, and explore hidden relationships.

For example, in the induction of "American history" mentioned above, we will see the narrative that "the war of independence is conducive to the development of American capitalism", so how to reflect it? After a few classes, we can find that "in the 1990s, 18, the industrial revolution began in the United States, and the capitalist industries in the north developed rapidly". In "The Influence of Civil War", it is said that "it has created conditions for the rapid economic development in the future". How to prove this? In fact, a few years later, "in the second industrial revolution, the United States developed rapidly and became the number one capitalist industrial power." From the time alone, we can see the mystery. Our thinking only needs to take a small step forward and reveal the internal relationship between them, so that we can form a whole understanding.

The connection and comparison can be various, the horizontal can compare the differences of different countries and regions in the same era, and the vertical can compare the development track of the same country and region. Different angles can better reflect the charm and charm of history. Only by careful observation from more angles can we get a more comprehensive, accurate and objective understanding. Therefore, we should pay special attention to combing history from different angles. For example, at every stage of the development of the United States, we can also compare the world situation with the situation in China at that time.

Fourth, only by broadening our horizons and observing history can we broaden our thinking.

History study and research always look at the things of predecessors from the perspective of future generations, because with the distance between time and space, we can examine people and things in a specific era more conveniently and comprehensively. We should make full use of this advantage and convenience in our study, especially in the general review stage. We should re-examine history with a broader vision, observe events in a broader background and environment, get a more rational judgment, improve the realm and level of our own thinking, and get rid of shallowness and narrowness.

For example, from 1840, the war of aggression against China launched by the great powers is single and comprehensive. If we look at it in the context of China's modern history, East Asia and the world, we will have different but more accurate, objective, clear and complete understandings.

History is the foundation of the development and progress of human culture. Junior high school students should change their mentality of learning history, feel vivid history with open and flexible thinking and various means, and get spiritual enjoyment from the infinite wisdom contained in history.