1, Changsha, Western Han Dynasty.
After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, after four years of Chu-Han War, in 202 BC (the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu), Hanwang Liu Bang finally defeated Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, officially ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, and established the Western Han Dynasty.
After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, he changed Wu Rui, the founding hero, to be the King of Changsha, and established Changsha State with Changsha County as the center before Qin Dynasty, and changed Xiangxiang County to be the national capital. From then on, the first vassal state appeared in Hunan history, and Changsha became the capital of the kingdom for the first time. "South Chuxiong Town" has developed into the royal capital of Han and Fan, and Changsha is famous as a famous city of Chu and Han.
2. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Ma Yin made Changsha its capital in Hunan.
The political power established with Hunan as the center in history was called Machu in history, also known as Southern Chu and Chu State, and its capital was Tanzhou (now Changsha). Ma Su, the founder of Chu State, was born in Yanling, Xuzhou (now Yanling, Henan).
Southern Chu wiped out the separatist forces in Hunan through the war and realized the reunification of Hunan. During the Ma Yin period, the political policy of "serving the emperor and caring for scholars" protected the army at home and strengthened the vassal abroad, which made the people obtain a relatively stable environment. Economically, measures such as building water conservancy, rewarding agriculture and mulberry, developing tea industry, promoting textiles and trading with the Central Plains have made the social economy develop rapidly.
In the heyday of Southern Chu, its jurisdiction included 24 states: Tan, Heng, Yong, Dao, Chen, Shao, Yue, Lang, Li, Chen, Lian, Zhao, Yi, Quan, Gui, Wu, He, Meng, Fu, Yan, Liu, Xiang and Rong.
In 19951year, there was civil strife in southern Chu, and southern Tang took the opportunity to send generals to attack Changsha and destroy Chu. In 896, Ma Yin was appointed as our envoy of the times and began to become independent. By 95 1, Chu had perished and Ma Chu had survived for 55 years.
Extended data:
Hunan Province is located in the middle of China and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Because most of the area is south of Dongting Lake, it is named "Xiang", and because Xiangjiang, the largest river in the province, runs through the whole territory, it is called "Xiang" for short. Its capital is in Changsha. Hibiscus has been planted in Hunan since ancient times. During the Five Dynasties, it was called "Li Furong Kingdom in the Autumn Wind", so it was also called "Furong Kingdom".
As early as the Paleolithic Age, there were ancient human activities in Hunan. 1rice was planted here more than 2000 years ago, and Hunan ancestors began to live here 5000 years ago.
Hunan belonged to the south of Jingzhou, Gong Yu in the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties, and to Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In the Qin Dynasty, there were two counties in central Guizhou and Changsha, Hunan, and in the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Jingzhou secretariat area. During the Three Kingdoms period, Hunan was the place where Shu Han and Wu Dong competed. In the Jin Dynasty, there was a Xiangzhou named after Xiang.
Hunan Observer was established in the Tang Dynasty, which was the organizational name of Hunan. Hunan Road was set up in the Song Dynasty, Huguang Province in the Yuan Dynasty and Huguang (still called the province) in the Ming Dynasty. Hunan Province was included in Huguang Province, and finally completed the process of establishing an independent province. The name of the province has been used to this day.
Hunan is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization. According to legend, Emperor Yan Shennong is in this kind of grain, weaving hemp into cloth and making pottery. Yandiling in Zhuzhou City has become the spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation.
Shun Di is a famous place in the world, with Dongting everywhere, and Jiuyi Mountain in Yongzhou is its mausoleum. There are many historical sites in Hunan. The unearthed and discovered ruins of Chengtoushan Ancient City in Lixian County, Liye Qin bamboo slips and Zoumalou Wu bamboo slips, ancient Fenghuang South Great Wall, Yuelu Academy and Yueyang Tower are the condensation and witness of Hunan's long history.
Among them, the square statue of Siyang unearthed in Huangcai Town of Ningxiang is the most exquisite Shang bronze found in the world at present, and it is also the largest existing Shang bronze square statue in China. Pan Fangqiu unearthed in Qijiahe, Taoyuan County is the largest and most exquisite one ever unearthed, and it can be called "the king of Fangqiu". The Liye Qin bamboo slips unearthed in Longshan, western Hunan, is another important archaeological discovery in Qin Dynasty after the first batch of Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses.
Especially the excavation of Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha shocked the world. The plain gauze Zen dress unearthed is as thin as a cicada's wing and weighs only 49 grams. Xin Zhui, buried for more than 2 100 years, is still well preserved after being unearthed, and is known as the eighth wonder in the world.
Hunan Provincial People's Government-Home > Splendid Xiaoxiang > General Situation of Hunan > Historical Development
Baidu Encyclopedia-Changsha State (Changsha State in Western Han Dynasty)