In the Neolithic Age, with the development of tool manufacturing technology, the Scots began to launch a long-term and lasting attack on the forest, and finally extended the human footprint to the Scottish inland bit by bit. With land and more living space, the life of prehistoric Scottish residents began to transform, just like residents in other parts of the world. Their lifestyle has changed from single hunting to semi-nomadic, and agriculture has become more and more important. Because Scotland is vast and sparsely populated, Scots don't need advanced agricultural technology to fill their stomachs, so the agricultural development in Scotland is very slow.
In 2000 BC, bronze art spread to Scotland. Refining bronze requires tin and copper. Although Scotland is rich in copper, there is almost no tin. Meanwhile, tin mines in Cornwall, England, have been mined. The demand for tin led Scots to increase contact and trade with English people.
In BC 1000, the Celtic civilization originated in Central Europe gradually influenced Scotland. As for how Celtic culture spread to Scotland, it is still inconclusive. One view is that the Celts invaded Scotland and conquered and ruled Scotland with the most advanced ironmaking technology at that time. Others believe that Celtic culture gradually penetrated into Scotland through trade and other contacts. In any case, Scotland has since become a branch of Celtic civilization and is still considered as one of the six existing Celtic countries. Most of the traditional culture in Scotland originated from Celtic culture. In the first century BC, the powerful Roman Empire began to invade Britain and successfully conquered the English. Although the Scots are backward in weapons, they are simply a bunch of primitive people compared with the Roman army. However, with the complex terrain of Scotland and the tradition of bravery and bravery of Scots, they were not easily conquered by the Roman army. Although the army of the Roman Empire finally succeeded in destroying the army of the main kingdom of Scotland at that time, the commander of the Roman Empire still decided not to occupy Scotland, but to build the Great Wall on the border between Scotland and England, that is, Hadrian's Great Wall.
The invasion of the Roman Empire brought advanced civilization, including writing, to the island of Great Britain. So the Roman invasion was the beginning of the recorded history of Great Britain.
Later, the Roman Empire fell apart and the army withdrew from the island of Great Britain. This creates a power vacuum. Taking this opportunity, a tribe from Ireland, also belonging to Celtic culture, came to Scotland and settled down (strangely, these people were called skots). Vikings in northern Europe began to invade, occupied some small islands along the coast and established their own kingdom. Until some places along the northern coast of Scotland, there are more people who like northern Europe than Scots, and the cultural traditions are quite Nordic.
At this point, there are three relatively stable forces in Scotland. The original Scottish residents were called Picts, and later Scots and Vikings. In the 9th century, Kenneth MacAlpin succeeded the Celts and Scots to the throne, and then merged the two kingdoms into a unified country-the Kingdom of Alba, which became the Kingdom of Scotland.
This kingdom lasted for more than 800 years, until17th century, King James VI of Scotland succeeded to the throne of England at the same time and became the co-owner of James I, Scotland and England.
1 may 7071queen Anne's joint bill merged the parliaments of Scotland and England, and Scotland and England gave up their independent status and became a unified British kingdom. In fact, to this day, the British royal family is still a descendant of Kenneth McCaplin, although it is not direct.