Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Today in History - How did astronomy develop in China?
How did astronomy develop in China?
The vast universe, the vast stars, how many mysteries remain to be explored and revealed! Observing the sky and exploring the mystery must rely on large and medium-sized observation machinery and equipment on the road and in outer space. Modern astronomical research pursues perfect detection of weak data signals, perfect all-radio band, high indoor space, time and spectrometer screen resolution, perfect higher light collection ability and higher field of view, which greatly promotes the development of new technologies; In particular, the development trend of indoor space detection technology requires the state budget to increase investment.

Since the mid-20th century, with the rapid development of radio, electron optics and indoor space astronomical observation technology, subversive changes have taken place, especially in astrophysics, exciting discoveries have appeared constantly, and astronomy has become one of the most active frontier courses in curriculum science, and has become an unquestionable protagonist and core course in the second leap of people's understanding of space.

In recent years, with the application of the National Natural Science Stock Fund and other units, China's astronomical research has made great progress, resulting in more detailed management systems such as personnel training, instrument and equipment research and development, observation, basic theoretical research and business system. In the development trend of China, the overall level of astronomical research in China is in the forefront of the world, and it has become an energy that cannot be ignored.

The person in charge of the Natural Communication Institute told the reporter that in the past 20 years, the Science Stock Fund has fully played a key role in astronomical research, and has fully played a key role in stabilizing the scientific research team and promoting the development trend of the curriculum. In the past 20 years, the Science Stock Fund has invested about 200 million yuan in astronomy. The budget of each unit in your country to support astronomy is about one per year. Among them, the project research budget is about 62 million yuan, and the scientific research stock fund is 20 million yuan. Scientific research assets account for 1 1 times of the total investment in astronomy. About 32% of the research budget is used for astronomical research. Among the research funds, universities account for 37% and Chinese Academy of Sciences accounts for 62%. 3%。

You can also look at it from another angle. The statistical analysis of graduation thesis shows that in recent 20 years, the development trend of international stellar physics industry is relatively stable, while the development trend of star system software in China is relatively fast.

Judging from the number of graduation theses, in recent 20 years, overseas experts and scholars have published more than100000 graduation theses on stars and stellar system software, while China has 1.333, accounting for 1/3. Three percent. In recent five years, the total number of graduation theses published by experts and scholars in this industry in China has increased significantly, accounting for 2. 0%, ranking 12 in the world. It shows that China's basic science has made great progress since the reform and opening up.

The person in charge of the Five-grid Mathematical Science Department introduced in detail that the stock fund has fully played a great role in promoting the independent innovation research of astronomy. Many scientific and technical personnel applied for the National Social Science Fund for scientific research, and formed their own academic views, becoming dazzling "rookie" courses.

Supported by the National Natural Science Stock Fund and the National Outstanding Youth Science Stock Fund, Professor Dai, an expert from the Astronomy Department of Nanjing University, made in-depth research on the origin, kinetic energy system, unified mode and afterglow physics of gamma-ray bursts, and achieved some groundbreaking results.

They opened up a new way for studying the origin of gamma-ray bursts; Published 4 graduation papers on power system in Science and other publications; A unified entity model of dynamic evolution is clearly put forward, which can describe the whole evolution process of Huiyu from extreme quantum theory to non-quantum theory in detail. The introduction effect of management center pulsar on afterglow kinetic energy is clearly put forward, the jet effect is systematically studied, and some complex fluorescent ink curves are expressed.

Supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars and the National Key Project, Jing, a researcher at the Shanghai Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has carried out research on star formation, cosmic structure formation, cosmic dark matter, cosmic dark energy and cosmic Brandon oscillation based on the large computer of the Shanghai Observatory. In 2005, two scientists won the second prize of National Natural Science for their work in high-precision astronomical finite element analysis, triaxial ellipsoid solid model of dark energy halo, the relationship between the internal structure of dark energy halo and its historical time, the origin of planetary angular momentum, and semi-analytical solid model of planet.

The elite team certified by the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led by the academician of Ai Guoxiang Academy of Engineering, with the support of the National Natural Science Stock Fund and the excellent solar electromagnetic field binoculars of China, obtained many world-class observation data of the electromagnetic field and apparent velocity field of the vector matter of the solar photosphere and chromosphere, obtained the high-pixel video magnetic map and velocity field of the solar chromosphere for the first time, and found the inverse structure of the electromagnetic field in chromosphere and the red shift of flare signs.

Today, with the certification of the famous Bell Lake Solar Observatory in Britain, cooperative observation was conducted for the first time in the world.

Supported by the key and general projects of the National Natural Science Foundation, two researchers, Yang Ji and Jiang Zhibo of Purple Mountain Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences, cooperated with overseas to obtain a high-pixel linearly polarized light image of a large and medium-sized protostar in Orion, revealing for the first time the existence of arch-shaped astrolabes around BN stars, and obtaining important direct observation evidence of producing high-quality stars according to accretion and disk system.

This discovery provides important information for mastering the formation of massive stars. Its research results were published in the American magazine Nature on September 1 2005, and this achievement was published in the most famous American magazine Nature in the world, indicating the international excellent level of the research on the generation of massive stars in China.

The person in charge of the Department of Mathematical Sciences said that due to the uniqueness of the research objectives, contemporary astronomy is a course that requires large and medium-sized scientific machinery and equipment to better perform "daily tasks".

Nowadays, despite the limitation of assets, there is still a certain gap between China's astronomical research observation machinery and equipment and the world's excellent level. There are few new international scientific research projects hosted or participated by China scientists, and the talent team is not enough. However, the state has increased its investment in astronomical research, organized major new engineering science projects such as LAMOST and FAST, and increased its investment in astronomy.

How to organically combine the new projects funded by the National Capital Construction Science Stock Fund with major engineering weapons and equipment and give full play to their scientific and economic benefits will be the work that must be strengthened in the next two years.

Innovative ideas.

At present, although China's astronomical observation machinery and equipment are not as sophisticated as overseas, China astronomers' research objectives are relatively concentrated and persistent, which makes China's astronomical research very harmful internationally.

Astronomers in China have made beneficial explorations on the economic benefits and characteristics of large, medium and small experimental instruments used on land in China, in order to improve their working ability and international harm in evaluating astronomy in China. It is also a key inspiration for other industries. How to give full play to the advantages of China's experimental instruments (especially imported instruments) is a key issue in the field of science and technology.

Accelerating the infrastructure construction of astrophysical observation industrial base and basic research service platform including space observation industrial base is an urgent countermeasure to promote the development trend of astronomical research in China.

This is the development history of astronomy in China. What else do you know? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area ~