During the Kangxi period, the national strength of the Qing Dynasty rose. During this period, the Qing government signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar with Russia, which demarcated the eastern boundary between China and Russia. The Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar Chu is the first border treaty signed between the Qing Dynasty and Russia, and the first international treaty signed between China and European and American countries. From the perspective of international diplomacy, the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar was of great significance to the Qing Dynasty, but the Qing Dynasty missed an opportunity to face up to western countries for various reasons.

On the one hand, the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar is the follow-up to the jaxa War between China and Russia. During the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties in China, Russia continued to expand to the Far East, sending a small number of expeditionary forces to occupy jaxa and constantly harassing the Heilongjiang River Basin. After quelling the rebellion in San Francisco, Emperor Kangxi decided to expel the Russian expeditionary force that occupied jaxa by force. Through the strategy of "siege warfare", the Qing army finally defeated the Russian Expeditionary Force and won the battle of jaxa. In the subsequent negotiations, the Qing government and Russian negotiators signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar. This treaty demarcates the eastern boundary line between China and Russia, and the areas north of Heilongjiang, south of Xing 'an Mountains and east of Wusuli River belong to the territory of Qing Dynasty. The victory of the Battle of jaxa and the signing of the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar defeated the idea of Russia's eastward expansion, and also brought a peaceful pattern of 100 years to the Qing-Russian border.

On the other hand, the Qing Dynasty missed the opportunity to face up to the western countries through the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar Chu. From the perspective of international diplomacy, the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar Chu was the first international treaty signed between the Qing Dynasty and western countries, and it also provided the Qing government with an opportunity to learn international rules and face up to the western world. However, the Qing dynasty did not seize this opportunity. After all, Emperor Kangxi was eager to reach an agreement with Russia, so that he could free his hands to quell the chaos in Galdin. Therefore, the negotiators of the Qing dynasty did not seize the opportunity to study the relevant international rules carefully, nor did they take this opportunity to inquire about the actual situation of European countries. In addition, Emperor Kangxi still regarded the Qing Dynasty as a "celestial dynasty" and Russia as a "vassal state". This mentality also made the Qing Dynasty lose an opportunity to formally enter the western world.

To sum up, the Qing Dynasty signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar with Russia, which demarcated the boundary line between China and Russia in the East. However, the rulers of the Qing Dynasty failed to take advantage of this opportunity to fully understand the western countries and the international community. This is also a historical regret.