Kongtong District of Pingliang City is located in the east of Gansu Province, at the eastern foot of Liupanshan Mountain, at the abdomen of Longdong Loess Plateau in the upper reaches of Jinghe River, with east longitude10625 ′-10721′ north latitude 3512 ′-3545. Jingchuan in the east, Huating and Chongxin in the south, Jingyuan and Guyuan in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in the west and Pengyang and Zhenyuan in the north. Historically, it was the first important pass town of the ancient Silk Road from west to north, and it was also the traffic fortress of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces and the traditional commodity distribution center of Longdong. It is called "dry dock". The whole country has been civilized. Now it is the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of Pingliang, and a new industrial, trade and tourist city.
Kongtong District governs 3 streets, 4 towns 13 townships (including 7 ethnic townships): Dongguan Street, Zhongjie Street, Xijiao Street, Shilipu Town, Kongtong Town, Baishui Town, Caofeng Town, Anguo Township, Liuhu Township, Huasuo Township and Suoluo Township.
The whole region has jurisdiction over 13 townships, 4 towns, 3 sub-district offices, 1 development zone, 252 villages and 14 urban communities. The total regional area is 1936. 18 square kilometers, and the urban planning area is 48 square kilometers. The total population is 487,300, and the population density is 25 1.7 people /km2. There are Hui, Manchu, Tibetan, Buyi and other ethnic minorities 18.
The development of history
The establishment of Kongtong District in Pingliang City began in the sixth year of the Northern Zhou Emperor Jiande (572). Since then, for the county, prefecture and county administrative offices, important military and political institutions such as prefectures, prefectures, prefectures, counties, armies, Taibu Temple, Ma Yuan Temple and provinces have been set up. During the Republic of China, the Second Administrative Supervision Department of Gansu Province was established. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), it has been the seat of Pingliang prefectural party committee, administrative office and military sub-district. 1949 set up Pingliang county, 1950 set up Pingliang city, 1964 set up the city by withdrawing the county, 1983 restored the county-level city. 1985 was approved as an open city by the State Council. On August 28th, 2002, it was renamed as Kongtong District, Pingliang City.
This area belongs to the gully region of Longdong Loess Plateau, with high mountains in the northwest, undulating hills in the southeast and dense valleys in the middle, with an average elevation of 1540 meters. The climate belongs to semi-arid and semi-humid monsoon continental climate. The annual maximum temperature is 34.5℃, the minimum temperature is-16.7℃, the annual average temperature is 9.4℃, the annual rainfall is 644.2mm, the sunshine is 2288.4 hours, and the frost-free period is 178 days.
In 2005, the regional GDP was 465,438+500 million yuan, an increase of 1.2% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 459 million yuan; The added value of the secondary industry is 654.38+73.3 million yuan; The added value of the tertiary industry was 654.38+95.8 million yuan. The per capita GDP of the whole region is 8516 yuan.
natural resource
Kongtong area is rich in natural resources, with underground mineral deposits 16 12, including coal, iron, copper, phosphorus, limestone, cement limestone, dolomite, clay, refractory clay, gypsum, etc., among which cement limestone and chemical limestone have high grades and reserves of more than 500 million cubic meters. Available surface water 1. 1 100 million cubic meters and groundwater reserves1.200 million cubic meters. There are more than 300 species of plant resources/kloc-0 and more than 50 species of animal resources.
The power supply is sufficient, including 1 thermal power plant 1 .2000 kW, 330, 1 10 kV and 35 kV substations,1small hydropower station.
Agricultural and sideline products mainly include lily, yam, dried apricot, day lily, bracken, potato and so on. Quality and quantity of livestock products, especially beef, mutton and fur. Plant resources 1300, economic plants such as Hippophae rhamnoides and medicinal plants such as Glycyrrhiza uralensis 1000, animal resources more than 50, and aquatic resources are mainly freshwater fish and soft-shelled turtle. There are 750 kV substations, 330 kV substations, 1 substations, 1 10 kV and 35 kV substations, and there is also a small hydropower station. 1.2000 kw Pingliang thermal power plant has been officially put into operation, with sufficient power supply. At the same time, practice has proved that the hot water quality in the southern plateau of suburbs is excellent, with abundant reserves and broad development prospects.
The Taitong Iron Mine in Kongtong District of Pingliang City belongs to a small deposit in the coal-bearing stratum of Shanxi Formation of Permian. The ore-bearing rock series are thick layered timely sandstone and thin sandy carbonaceous shale containing siderite nodules. There are three layers of siderite: the thickness of the bottom layer 15 m, the nodules are connected in layers, and the mineral content coefficient is 6.54%; The middle layer is 5.52 meters thick, with spherical nodules and ore-bearing coefficient of 6.54-3.7%. The thickness of the upper ore is 3.94m, and the ore-bearing coefficient is 4.87-3.67%. The main iron minerals are siderite and a small amount of limonite. Iron grade is 30-40%, MgO 1. 1-2%, SiO 29%, and geological reserves are 43 1 10,000 tons. At present, it has not been developed and utilized.
Bauxite: Bauxite belongs to the middle-low temperature hydrothermal type related to Yanshanian magmatism and occurs at the bottom of Shanxi Formation (P 1S). Mineral resources are mainly distributed in Pingliang City, including Dataizi, HongZhuangzi and Wangdian, among which Dataizi bauxite is relatively large, and the other two places are mineral occurrences. The geographic coordinates of Dataizi Bauxite are106 42' 31"east longitude and 35 22'14" north latitude, and it is located at the southern end of Helan fold belt. The deposit is located in the karst depression of CAMBRIAN paleotopography, belonging to continental sedimentary minerals, with 52-69% Al2O3 and 20% SiO2.
Limestone: rich in resources, mainly distributed in Taitongshan to Dataizi, about 20km long, with proven geological reserves of 65.438 billion tons and geological transportation reserves of 26.5438 billion tons, of which Taitongshan chemical limestone reserves of 30 million tons. The deposit has good occurrence conditions, large ore body thickness and high ore grade. Its main chemical components are Cao 50-52% and MgO dolomite: mainly distributed in Dataizi and Shuiquan Bay, Machuan Township, Kongtong District, Pingliang City, with proven geological reserves of more than 5 million tons and geological prospective reserves of 200 million tons. The ore is produced in Upper Cambrian and Ordovician, which is an open-pit deposit with large thickness and good ore quality. The main chemical components are MgO 20.8-22%, Cao 27% and MgO 1. 1.2%. SiO bentonite: Bentonite mine is located in the southeast of Kongtong District, Pingliang City, east longitude 12%. North latitude 35 21'41"-35 22' 24". The strata in the mining area belong to the subgroup of Yanchang Group of Upper Triassic. * * There are three coal seams with cumulative thickness of10.64m and strike length of 200m to1000m. Its main chemical composition is montmorillonite, accounting for 46-78%, and the geological reserve of bentonite is 14 13700 tons. Bentonite has special water absorption, expansibility, cementation, cation exchange, dispersibility and lubricity. It can be used as binder, plasticizer and exchanger in metallurgy, casting, oil drilling, chemical industry and other industries, and has good application and development value. At present, the Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources in Kongtong District of Pingliang City is ready for development and utilization.
Geothermal water: Geothermal water in Kongtong District of Pingliang City is mainly composed of thermal reservoirs and aquifers composed of medium-thick layered minerals and rocks in the Lower Cretaceous basin, and there is a thermal insulation layer or water-resisting layer composed of tertiary mudstone on it. Its heat source and water source are mainly supplied by the Liupanshan piedmont fault zone in the west of the basin, and its geothermal water may be in the area from Liupanshan in the west to Ningxian in Qingyang in the east, belonging to the geothermal area in Longdong, Gansu Province. The geothermal well in southwest Pocun, Kongtong District, Pingliang City has a water temperature of 17-20℃ and a salinity of 0.81g/L. The borehole drilled by the hydrological team is 250 meters deep, exposing the lower Cretaceous aquifer, with a water head of more than 30 meters, a gravity flow of 8,800 tons/day and night, and a water temperature of 25℃, locally.
social development
With the development of agricultural industrialization as the direction, the rural economy has conscientiously implemented the spirit of the No.1 Document of the Central Committee, comprehensively reduced and exempted agricultural taxes, implemented direct grain subsidies and subsidies for returning farmland to forests in time, further adjusted agricultural development ideas, increased investment in agricultural development, and comprehensively promoted agricultural industrialization and intensive production, creating a number of leading enterprises in agricultural product processing, forming a large-scale agricultural pattern based on grain, with fruits, vegetables and grass as the pillar and regional diversified operations as the supplement. In 2005, the total agricultural output value of the whole region was 808 million yuan (comparable price), the total grain output reached16.77 million tons, the oil output reached 6,657.3 tons, the fruit output reached 6 15 tons, and the vegetable output reached 20190,000 tons. Animal husbandry, which focuses on raising cattle, has developed well. In that year, 335 large cattle farmers were added to the greenhouse, and a segmented production line for Jingxing beef cattle was built. Cayce animal husbandry has a booming meat production and sales, with the annual slaughter of beef cattle134,000, and the brand benefits of beef cattle industry are further revealed. The dairy industry has developed rapidly, adding 20 10 cows. The total number of cattle raised reached 240,000 (including stocking, slaughtering and short-term fattening), and now it has become the intensive beef cattle production base in Gansu and the largest livestock product processing base in northwest China.
Industrial economy is to give full play to the advantages of resources, expand advantageous industries and expand the total economic output on the original basis. In 2005, the total industrial output value of industrial enterprises in the jurisdiction was 3.79 billion yuan, of which the regional enterprises realized 65.438+89.7 billion yuan. The total output value and added value of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 2.61100 million yuan and 923 million yuan respectively, of which the total output value and added value of industrial enterprises above designated size under the district reached 710.70 billion yuan and 210.60 billion yuan respectively. The production and sales rate of enterprises in the jurisdiction is 98.46%, of which 92.98% belong to regional enterprises.
There are 294 scientific and technological service institutions in Kongtong District of Pingliang City, with nearly 6,000 people engaged in various scientific and technological activities. There are 334 schools of all kinds, with 46 full-time teachers16 and students10.210,000. The primary school enrollment rate is 99.99%, and the junior high school enrollment rate is 97. 19%. There are 37 hospitals of various types, with beds 1829 and medical staff 1784. The investment in environmental control has been continuously increased, and the standard rate of drinking water quality for residents is 100%. Culture, sports, radio and television continued to develop.
Kongtong District of Pingliang City is the transportation hub of the three provinces of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, with Baozhong Railway running through the whole territory and "3 12" National Road running through the east and west. Yin Wu Expressway, Pingding Expressway and Pingxi Railway are about to start construction. Road traffic extends in all directions and urban infrastructure is improving day by day. In 2005, the jurisdiction implemented 48 construction projects with an investment of more than 500,000 yuan/kloc-0, and completed fixed assets investment of16.93 million yuan. Among them, the real estate investment is 380 million yuan. The pace of ecological construction was accelerated, and 45,000 mu of afforestation was completed throughout the year, relying on ecological projects such as returning farmland to forests, the fourth phase of the Three Norths and the protection of natural forests. The green coverage area is 6.588 million square meters, the public green area is10.342 million square meters, and the per capita green area in the urban built-up area is 6.02 square meters.
The transportation, postal service and communication industries have developed rapidly. In 2005, the freight volume was 7.329 million tons and the passenger volume was 4.527 million passengers. The total revenue of postal services was 654.38+0.23 billion yuan. At the end of the year, there were 87,654.38+million fixed telephones, 0/.4 million mobile telephones and 6,367 broadband Internet users.
tourist resources
National 5A-level scenic spot, National Geopark, Kongtong Mountain, the "No.1 Taoist Mountain in the world", has eight buildings with nine palaces and twelve courtyards, and more than 0/00 places of interest/kloc, with majestic mountains, vast smoke waves, deep forests and unique buildings. In 2006, the total number of tourists in the whole region was 1 179500, and the comprehensive tourism income was 330 million yuan.
The scenic area is 84 square kilometers, and the elevation of the main peak is 2 1.23 meters. It combines natural landscape and exquisite human landscape, and has high ornamental, cultural and scientific research value. Since ancient times, it has had the reputation of "the first mountain in the west", "the wonder of western town" and "the beauty of Kongtong Mountain is the best in the world".
Throughout the ages, Kongtong Mountain has attracted many talents. Emperor Xuanyuan, who was revered by the Chinese nation as the ancestor of mankind, personally climbed the Kongtong Mountain and asked the wise men for advice on how to govern the country and how to keep in good health. The emperor requested that this historical event be recorded in Zhuangzi Zaiyou and Historical Records. Qin Huang and Wu Han followed the example of Huangdi's going to the west for "worshiping Huangdi's affairs" and "being good at immortals". Scholars such as Sima Qian, Wang Fu, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Zhao Shichun, Lin Zexu and Tan Sitong also left a large number of poems, seals, inscriptions and inscriptions. Kongtong Wushu and Shaolin, Wudang, Emei, Kunlun and other martial arts schools are well-known in China.
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Kongtong Mountain began to have a human landscape. Throughout the ages, pavilions, temples and pagodas have come and gone, all over the mountain peaks. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people called the scenic spots on the mountain "Twelve Kongtong Scenery": Xiangfeng Doulian, Xianqiao Hongkua, Jade Cuo Diecui, Moonstone with Beads, Spring Candle, Jade Glass Spray, Hedong Yuanyun, Fengshan Fog Picking, Guangcheng Danxue, Wuying Needle Cliff, Tianmen Iron Column and Zhongtai Pagoda. In recent years, 35 scenic spots such as Horyuji, Woguan Pingliang, Kannonji, TongTianqiao, Feisheng Palace, Wang Mu Palace and Wendong Palace have been newly built, and 42 buildings in the so-called "Nine Palaces, Eight Rows and Twelve Courtyards" have been basically restored.
1May, 986, when Hu Yaobang, the former General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, inspected Pingliang, he personally wrote the book Kongtong Mountain; 1994 1 month, Kongtong Mountain was approved by the State Council as a national key scenic spot; 200 1 year 1 month, approved by the national tourism administration as the first batch of AAAA-level tourist areas in China; On May 8, 2007, Pingliang Kongtong Mountain Scenic Area was officially approved as a national 5A-level tourist attraction by the National Tourism Administration. June, 5438+October, 20021,passed the international certification of ISO900 1, ISO1400/quality and environmental management system; On July 26th, 2003, Kongtong Mountain once again boarded the national business card. This set of "Kongtong Mountain" special stamps consists of the most representative landscape Great Wall, Zhengdanxia, Tayuan and Leishengfeng in Kongtong Mountain, which is the second largest in our province after Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes and Jiayuguan. In March 2004, it was upgraded to a national geological park. On August 9th, 2005, Taitong-Kongtong Mountain was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.
Kongtong Mountain is known as a bright pearl on the Loess Plateau in Longdong, with its mountainous peaks, abrupt cliffs, criss-crossing canyons, numerous culverts and rugged rocks. It is also said that it is a place where immortals practice Taoism. Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of humanity, once asked Guangchengzi to be in this mountain, and was honored as "the first Taoist mountain in the world" by Taoism. In recent years, a constant stream of tourists from home and abroad has made it more and more famous.
More than 50 Yangshao, Qijia, Shang and Zhou cultural sites 150, more than 40 key cultural relics protection units and more than 300 cultural relics150 have been excavated in the area. Ten scenic spots, such as Kongtong Xuanhe, Taitong Tunyun, Longquan Judy, Liu Huqing Snow, Pagoda Zhao Xi, East Lake Lotus, Temple of Heaven Moonlight and Gu Jun Yancun, are famous both inside and outside the province.
202 1, 1, in 2020, the ranking of influential counties in rural revitalization communication was released, and Kongtong District ranked 425th.
On February 2, 2020, 65438, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced the second batch of national tourism demonstration zones, and the Kongtong zone was famous on the list.
On June 6, 2020 165438+1October16, the list of the most beautiful counties in China in 2020 was released, and the Kongtong District was on the list.
On March 5, 20 19, Kongtong District was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 18.
On 20 1910.3, 19, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs identified Kongtong District as the third batch of demonstration counties (cities, districts) in China that took the lead in basically realizing the whole mechanization of main crop production.
2065438+September 2008, the list of comprehensive demonstration counties of rural e-commerce in 2065438+2008 was released, and Kongtong District was famous on the list.
2065438+On August 6th, 2008, Kongtong District won the honor of the fourth batch of national advanced units in legal counties and urban areas.
On February 20th, 2065438+0616, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission named Kongtong District as the fourth batch of national demonstration zones for national unity and progress.