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During the Warring States period, a large-scale war broke out between Qin and Wei for the Hexi area in Guanzhong, and they fought several times before and after. After Shang Yang's political reform, Qin's national strength increased greatly, which coincided with the loss of Wei's elite and national strength. Finally, the state of Qin recovered Hexi, which was called the Battle of Hexi in history.

In 384 BC, Qin Xiangong ascended the throne and carried out reforms in Qin State, including abolishing human sacrifice, moving the capital to Liyang, expanding commercial activities, compiling household registration and popularizing county system.

In his later years, his national strength changed from weak to strong in an attempt to seize Hexi County of Wei State. At this time, the main force of Wei was trapped in the battlefield of the Central Plains.

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In 366 BC, Wei built a city in Wucheng (now east of hua county, Shaanxi Province) and was defeated by the State of Qin. Later, Qin defeated the allied forces of Wei and North Korea in Luo Yin. In the first 364 years, Qin led Zhang Gao to cross the Yellow River, invaded the east of Wei, defeated Wei Jun in Shimen (now southwest of Yuncheng County, Shanxi Province) and beheaded Wei Jun by 60,000. With the support of Zhao, Wei withdrew. Then King Zhou Xian sent someone to congratulate Qin.

In 362 BC, Qin took advantage of Wei Jun's engagement with the allied forces of Korea and Zhao on the north bank of Huishui (now south of Yicheng County, Shanxi Province) to send troops to attack Wei, defeated Wei reinforcements in Shaoliang (now south of Hancheng County, Shaanxi Province), captured its master, Gongsun Cuo, and occupied Fan Pangcheng (now southeast of hancheng city, Shaanxi Province). In the same year, Qin Xiangong died.

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The third battle of Hexi was in the same year of the Battle of Wei and Han and the Battle of Zhao, and Shaoliang was near Yue (now a tributary of Fenhe River). There is reason to believe that Qin's general attack on the west of Wei River is in the same strain as Han and Zhao's attack on Wei River, at least it is an attack of "taking advantage of others' danger". Although the war won, Wei was forced to cede Fan Pang and captured Wei Xianggong's uncle Cuo and Prince Wei. However, due to Wei's victory in Huan War, Han and Zhao surrendered to Wei again to help Wei counterattack Qin, and Qin stopped, but at least the fruits of victory were preserved (after Wei built the Great Wall in Hexi, Shao Lianghe was outside the Great Wall).

Later, the political reform began, and there was no time to fight abroad, which gave Wei time to consolidate Hexi. Wei took the opportunity to build the Great Wall in Hexi, which prevented Qin from attacking Hexi in an all-round way at the beginning. Until the battle of Hexi again, Shang Yang broke Wei's Hexi defense line by defrauding his son.