Suzhou classical garden is a world cultural heritage and a national AAAAA tourist attraction. Suzhou gardens are of great significance in the history of gardening and have high artistic value.
Suzhou Classical Garden is located in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province. There are many scenic spots in the garden for people to learn. Among them, Canglang Pavilion, Humble Administrator's Garden, Huanxiu Villa, Lovers Garden and Retreat Garden are all famous. And because the climate here is suitable, people come here every year to escape the heat and enjoy the cool.
The history of Suzhou classical gardens;
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were gardens (5 14) before and after the King of Wu built the city. Including Xiajiahu, Changzhou Garden, Hualin Garden, Wu Tong Garden, Wugonghou Garden, Gusutai, Tiger Hill, Jiaotai, Guanwa Palace and Luyuan. During the Republic of China, the scenic spots in the garden were in disrepair for many years.
In the autumn of the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Banyuan (South), Heyuan, Changyuan and Suiyuan opened one after another. At the same time, celebrities and wealthy businessmen have also built gardens in Suzhou. In the form of gardening, with the development of modern industry, external influence, changes in people's lifestyles and the use of new building materials, modern gardens and parks combining Chinese and Western styles have emerged in Suzhou. That is, the large-scale repair of classical gardens such as Canglang Pavilion and Lion Forest is also influenced by western architectural styles.
In the Republic of China 16 (1927), Suzhou Park, the first park designed according to modern gardening theory, opened. In the 1990s, Suzhou successively restored Banyuan (North), Yiyuan Residence, the courtyard at the southwest corner of Master Wang's Garden, the central residence of Couples' Garden, the West Garden, Wufeng Garden (Phase I) and the Embroidery Garden, as well as the comprehensive environmental improvement project of the East Garden of Humble Administrator's Garden, the South Lizhai (Phase I Garden Museum), the renovation of the Shengjia Ancestral Hall in Liuyuan and the eastern residential area, and the parking lot project in the west of Canglang Pavilion.
During the period of 1993, Suzhou Bureau of Landscape Architecture started the work of "Suzhou Classical Gardens Declaring World Cultural Heritage".
On April 1997, the Regulations on the Protection and Management of Suzhou Gardens came into effect, which is the first local regulation on the protection and management of gardens in China.
From 2000 to 2005, Suzhou Garden Department successively invested in the restoration of Changyuan, Wufeng Garden, Yiyuanlou, the "Sheyuan" in the west of Liuyuan and the "Lu Hua Pavilion" in the master's garden, and expanded the land to build a new Suzhou Garden Museum (Phase II), focusing on strengthening the environmental protection projects around the gardens such as Humble Administrator's Garden East, Liuyuan East, Canglangting West and Lion Forest Southwest. Restoration of Yin Hui Garden, Shiwan Garden and Park Garden in the urban area.
Since 20 15, Suzhou has published four batches of Suzhou Gardens (108 Gardens). According to the three modes of "comprehensive protection, restoration protection and site protection" and the requirements of "authenticity, integrity and continuity", Chai Garden, Ke Garden, Real Garden, Mu Garden and Mo Garden have been restored successively. At the same time, we have studied and formulated industry normative documents such as Suzhou Garden Management Standard, Suzhou Garden Protection Fund Usage Method and Suzhou Garden Greening Expert Database Management Method to supervise and guide the listed gardens.
Introduction of Suzhou Garden Attractions:
Lion forest.
Lion Grove is one of the four famous gardens in Suzhou with a history of more than 600 years. Located in the northeast of Suzhou, it was founded in Yuan Dynasty (AD 1342). Because there are many stone peaks in the garden, which look like lions, it is named "Lion Forest". Lion forest is rectangular in plane, with an area of about 15 mu. There are many beautiful rockeries in the forest, and the buildings are patchwork. The main buildings are Yanyutang, Jianshan Tower, Waterfall Pavilion and Wenmei Pavilion. Lion Forest has a distinctive theme, rich depth of field, distinctive personality, ingenious fake holes and valleys, and unique charm of every grass and tree. The buildings in the park are mainly misty rain hall, followed by a small square hall with a snow hall. To the west, you can reach Bai Xuan, a two-story attic with exquisite Gao Shuang. To the west of Bai Xuan is the ancient Wusong Garden. The southwest corner is Jianshan Building. From Jianshan Building to the west, you can go to Lotus Hall. In the northwest of the hall, there is a really interesting pavilion next to the pool. The pavilion is beautifully decorated with seaweed and lifelike flowers. There are two stone boats beside the pavilion. On the shore of the stone boat is a building with faint fragrance and light shadow. From here, turn south along the corridor and you can reach the waterfall pavilion, which is the highest place in the whole park. The scenic center in the west of the park is Mei Wenting, and in front is Shuangxian Lane Pavilion. Shuangxiangxian Pavilion goes south to east, with a fan pavilion in the southwest corner and a small courtyard behind it, which is fresh and elegant.
Master of Nets Garden.
Master Wang Garden is located in the southeast of Suzhou. Founded in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 127- 1279), it was then called "fishing hiding". During the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1736- 1796), it was rebuilt, taking the old meaning of "fishing and seclusion" and renamed "Netlion Garden". Covering an area of about half a hectare, Wang Shiyuan is the smaller garden in Suzhou. The main buildings in the park are Cong Guixuan, Zhuoying Shuige, Kansong Reading Painting Pavilion and Dianchun Table. The pavilions of Netscape Garden are all near the water, and there is water everywhere in the garden. All kinds of buildings are coordinated and compact in layout, famous for their exquisiteness and typical Ming style. The original garden is the "Wanjuan Hall" of Yangzhou bibliophile and assistant minister in Song Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, the retired Guanglu Temple was purchased and rebuilt, and it was named "Wang Shiyuan". The owner of the net is a fisherman, who agrees with "fishing in seclusion", which means seclusion in Jianghu. Master Wang Garden means "the garden for fishermen to fish for the aged", which is homophonic with the lane name "Wang Si (Wang Si, today's wide streets and alleys)". The landscape layout and scenic spots in the park are full of seclusion.
pavilion of surging waves
Canglang Pavilion, located in the south of Suzhou, is the oldest garden in Suzhou. Founded in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (104 1- 1048), it was once the residence of the famous Han Shizhong in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty (12nd century). The gardening art of Canglang Pavilion is different from others. Without entering the garden gate, a pool of green water surrounds the garden. The park is dominated by rocks, facing an earthen mountain, on which Canglang Stone Pavilion is located. There is a pool under the mountain, and the mountains and rivers are connected by a winding corridor. Ming Dow Hall in the southeast of the rockery is the main building of the garden. In addition, there are 500 immortal temples, Kanshanlou, Cuilinglong Pavilion, Yangzhi Pavilion and Yubei Pavilion. The layout of the whole park is natural and harmonious, which can be called a masterpiece with ingenious conception and appropriate techniques. The garden has changed its owners several times, but most of the buildings have been damaged and repaired, while the rockery in the garden and the water in the pool outside the garden still maintain the old view.
Huanxiu Mountain Villa.
Huanxiu Mountain Villa is located at No.262, Jingde Road, Suzhou, and is now the Suzhou Embroidery Museum. This garden was originally the former site of Qianjingu Garden in the Five Dynasties, and became a private garden in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Now it covers an area of 2 179 square meters, of which the building area is 754 square meters. The landscape is dominated by mountains, supplemented by pool water, and there are not many buildings. Although the garden is small, it is very imposing. The rockery with lake stones in the garden is the first in China, which was built by Ge, a famous rockfall artist. Covering an area of only half an acre, there are cliffs, peaks, caves, valleys, terraces and ramps in the mountains. Dong Chi's main mountain, Chibei Sub-mountain, has a continuous momentum, which is like a mountain, suddenly breaking into a cliff. At the intersection of the ramp and the stream, there are several clear streams overlooking the sky. Magnificent and beautiful, just like being in a mountain, the whole mountain has been carefully treated, close to nature, one stone and one seam, and properly explained, which can be viewed from a distance or from a close distance. No wonder it has the reputation of "Jiangnan is unique and unique".
Art garden.
Art Garden is a famous garden built in Ming Dynasty. It was originally built by Yuan, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, and was originally named Zuyingtang. Later, Zeng Sun Wen of Wen Zhiming, who was left assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites in the late Ming Dynasty and a university student of Dongge (equivalent to deputy prime minister), was renamed Yaopu. After the death of the Ming dynasty, it was owned by Jiang Cai, a scholar in the Chongzhen period of the Ming dynasty. Jingting) In the early Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Jingting Mountain House, and later its son Jiang Shijie was renamed "Art Garden". Zhidao Lightyear is the location of the seventh pavilion of satin industry. Art Garden is a small garden with the artistic characteristics of Ming Dynasty. The whole garden layout is simple and cheerful, the style is natural and simple, and there is no fussy feeling of piling up. Its artistic value is far superior to the garden works in the late Qing Dynasty. From the layout of mountains and rivers, the opening of pavilions to the detailed treatment of one stone and one tree, the simple and elegant style features are dialysis, and the basic concept of gardening is outlined in a concise way. The art garden was built in the Ming Dynasty as a famous medicine garden, and changed to an art garden in the early Qing Dynasty.
The famous classical gardens in China;
1, Summer Palace? Northwest suburb of Beijing
2. chengde mountain resort? Chengde City, Hebei Province
3. Beihai Park? Central area of Beijing
4. Canglang Pavilion in the south of Suzhou
5. Lion Grove? Northeast of Suzhou
6. Humble Administrator's Garden? Northeast corner of Suzhou city
7. Stay in the park? Suzhou lvmen
8. A garden? Yangzhou Dongguan Street
9. He Yuan? Xuningmen Street, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province
10, Jichang Garden? Xi Hui Park at the eastern foot of Huishan Mountain in the western suburb of Wuxi.
Yuyuan Garden 1 1? Shanghai Laojie Chenghuangmiao North
Ching fai garden 12? Shunde District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province
13, Keyuan? Dongguan urban area
14, west of Shaoxing, the residence of Wang Xizhi, a famous calligrapher in Lanting Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Beijing Grand View Garden 15
Introduction to Suzhou:
When you go to Suzhou, you will see that all the houses there are built by the river. Living in this city, the small bridge and flowing water in the old city, is a kind of life attitude. In the old city, you can feel the cultural precipitation of Suzhou for more than two thousand years. The dim lights in the park are another way of life, representing another fast-paced life in Suzhou. Suzhou is also an industrial city, probably with the completion of Singapore Industrial Park at the earliest. Now it is one of the most concentrated places of private economy in China, with registered capital of11500 million yuan and private enterprise employees of1260,000, which is first-class in the private economy of the same industry.
Among the 34 national historical and cultural cities in China/KLOC-0, Suzhou and Changshu are the second, and China's 5,000-year history has given birth to some cities that are famous for their profound cultural heritage and major historical events, which shows Suzhou's profound historical heritage.
Suzhou Ancient City and Suzhou Gardens are "double heritages" of world cultural heritage and world intangible cultural heritage. Suzhou Garden is one of the top ten scenic spots in China, and nine of them are listed in the World Cultural Heritage List.
In addition, there are 12 famous historical and cultural towns in China, among which Zhouzhuang in Kunshan, Tongli in Wujiang, Luzhi in Wuzhong and Mudu in Wuzhong are well-known ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River.