June 10 is the first "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day" in China. On the occasion of the first "Cultural and Natural Heritage Day", there are important archaeological discoveries at the Jiaojiagou site in Jinan. This area is an important birthplace of early civilized society in Dawenkou culture period before Longshan culture.

A large number of pottery, jade, stone tools, bones and other artifacts and natural relics were unearthed at the scene, and even the appearance of rammed earth walls also represented the social differentiation and grade difference in Lubei area around 5000 years ago and the embryonic form of existing cities.

Jiaojia Site is located about 800 meters west of Jiaojia Village, Longshan Sub-district Office, Zhangqiu District, Shandong Province, and 4 kilometers south of Chengziya Site. Zhangqiu, where the site is located, belongs to the Gujishui River basin in northern Shandong, with a long history and profound cultural heritage. It is the discovery and naming place of Longshan culture, and is well-known at home and abroad for its unique cultural influence. In the past two years, with the gradual deepening of archaeological excavation of Jiaojia site, many new discoveries show that this area is an important birthplace of early civilized society in Dawenkou culture period earlier than Longshan culture. The whole website is divided into two parts. The top of the map is the south side of the site, and the bottom of the map is the north side of the site. Typical heavy coffins and rammed earth wall prototypes were found on the south side, and ancient houses and tombs were found on the north side. What is even more amazing is that houses and tombs are not the products of one era, and tombs did not know the existence of houses when they were excavated, which caused the phenomenon that relics of different eras appeared at the same time.

A large number of pottery products were unearthed at the scene, and the pottery funerary objects in the tomb can be clearly seen through aerial photography. The only heavy coffin tomb found in the world today in Dawenkou era contains a large number of pottery funerary objects, jade handrails, bracelets, jade knives and so on. In the middle of the skeleton is a jade knife, which was a symbol of power and force at that time. The tombs and houses found in the whole site are products from 4600 to 5500 years ago. At the southernmost tip of the site, archaeologists discovered the oldest tomb in the site.

The luxurious tomb specifications, rammed earth walls and jade knives worn by the funerary arm all indicate that the social differentiation and grade differences in northern Shandong have been produced and strengthened around 5000 years. The discovery of city walls and trenches in the south of the 20 17 excavation area further proves that Jiaojia site was the political, economic and cultural center of Lubei area around 5000 years ago. At the same time, Jiaojia site, as a large central settlement site in this area, has also found an important source for Longshan culture represented by Chengziya. At present, the archaeological excavation of Jiaojia site is still in progress. It is of great significance and value to carry out long-term systematic settlement archaeology and multidisciplinary comprehensive research on Jiaojia site for exploring the settlement structure in northern Shandong and the origin and formation of civilization in eastern China.