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How to understand the opposition between historicism and rationalism
There is no clear opposition between the two, and rationalism also has the content of historicism.

However, the rebellion of romantic historiography against rationalist historiography in the18th century shows some opposition between thorough historicization and absolute rationalism.

The following content is quoted from the entry of Romance History _ Baidu Encyclopedia for reference only.

/kloc-Romantic historiography in the 0/8th century is characterized by rebellion against rationalist historiography, which is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:

First, emphasize the continuity and inheritance of historical development. Rationalist historiography profoundly and mercilessly exposed and criticized church rule, religious superstition and theological historical view, and pushed the secularization process of historiography that began in the Renaissance to a climax. However, while despising the Middle Ages, they adopted a non-historical attitude towards the Middle Ages and totally denied the existence value and objectivity of the Middle Ages. Romantic historiography affirms the existence value of the Middle Ages and emphasizes the continuity and connection between the Middle Ages and modern times. Romantic historians even idealized the Middle Ages to varying degrees, and they all had strong religious feelings and theological historical views, which led to the resurgence of religious thoughts.

The second is to emphasize the role of historians' intuition and emotion in historical research. Rationalist historiography advocates the absolute power of reason, emphasizes rational and critical thinking on the historical process, and tries to reveal the causal relationship between historical phenomena and the law of historical development, so it clearly puts forward the idea of studying historical philosophy for the first time. Romantic historiography, on the other hand, advocates the necessity of historians' personal intuition and emotion for historical research, exaggerates the role of historical figures, is keen on vividly describing historical scenes to express personal passion, opposes the study of historical philosophy, disdains the calm analysis of historical process and denies the regularity of historical development.

Third, emphasize the nationality and national characteristics in the process of historical development. Under the guidance of the idea of "universal consistency of human nature in the world", rationalist historiography emphasizes the universal laws in the process of historical development, advocates writing human history and cultural history, and tries to establish a world historical system including all ethnic groups. Romantic historiography, on the other hand, emphasizes the uniqueness of national spirit and culture in the historical development process, denies the generality of world history, is keen on writing national history and national history, and begins to show racist tendencies to varying degrees, completely ignoring the history and culture of non-European nations.