One hundred years ago, the United States declared war on Germany and joined the most extensive international conflict in the history of the world at that time. World War I ushered in a new era of scientific and technological progress, especially in the field of weapons. Tanks, machine guns and poison gas made their debut in the European battlefield in the form of violence. However, with the emergence of this destructive technology and the accelerated development of modern medical tools, medical instruments and cultural relics from other eras are being displayed in a new exhibition at the Smithsonian National History Museum as an institution to commemorate the country's participation in the war. In addition to the other four exhibitions highlighting other aspects of the First World War, this series of exhibitions also discussed the application of medicine in the battlefield and the progress of medical science during the conflict.

The main medical challenge facing the United States after entering the war is to "build a suitable army of 4 million people." Diane Winter, director of medicine and science at the museum, said, "Whether we send them back to the battlefield through the medical system or retire them, we have a country trying to solve this problem."

Ensure the health of the wounded. Millions of soldiers were recruited to fight in the war. Doctors gave these young people a series of physical, psychological and moral health tests, and measured their weight, height and vision on the weighing scale. These doctors keep soldiers clean or "fit for battle" through intelligence tests and sex education.

On the battlefield, doctors use the recently invented medical technology to solve the problem of patients' injuries. This X-ray machine was invented decades before the war, and it is invaluable for doctors to find bullets and shrapnel in patients. Marie Curie installed X-ray machines in cars and trucks to take dynamic images in the wild. French radiologist E.J.Hirtz, who worked with Curie, invented a passport, which can be used in combination with X-rays to accurately locate the position of foreign bodies in the body. With the arrival of medical specialization in this era, the progress of technology helps to define these special roles.

American women became a permanent part of the army at the beginning of this century. 190 1 Establishment of Army Nurses Corps, 1908 Establishment of Naval Nurses Corps. But 19 17 when the country entered the war. Some women are actually doctors, but only on the basis of contracts. The army hired Dr. Roy mcafee, a female doctor who graduated from 1904 with a medical degree. As one of these "contracted surgeons", she helped to record the history of the wartime military medical department and served as the co-editor of the text of 1930 completed in 15.

"The role of women has expanded, but the scope is limited," said Mallory Werner, project assistant of the Museum's Department of Medicine and Science. . The exhibit records the different roles played by women in the war with a rotating women's dress.

Women have found a bigger role, especially in the field of "reconstruction" or reconstruction. All major countries have formulated these "reconstruction" plans to treat injured soldiers and send them home as normal members of society. Occupational therapy and physical therapy are the core of these programs, and women need to help patients complete their rehabilitation.

Winter said: "The belligerents are not only very concerned about what happened during the war, but also about what will happen to their male working class after the war. Of course, this is very important for treatment.