Pumi people call themselves "Puyingmi", "Primi" or "Pemi". China's ancient historical records call it "Xifan" or "Eight Examples". After the founding of New China, it was officially named Pumi nationality according to the wishes of the people.
Pumi nationality has its own language, belonging to the Qiang branch of Tibetan-Burmese language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. There is little difference between dialects in different places, so you can generally talk to each other. Many Pumi people also speak Chinese, Bai, Naxi and Tibetan. In the past, the Pumi people in Ninglang and Muli used Tibetan letters to spell Pumi to record their own historical legends, stories and ballads, but they did not spread widely. Later, it was used by wizards to write scriptures. Nowadays, Chinese is widely used in Pumi areas.
Pumi people worship nature and ancestors and believe in polytheism. A few people believe in Taoism or Tibetan Buddhism. Festivals include New Year's Day, Tenth Five-Year Plan and New Year Tasting Festival.
Agriculture is one of the basic industries for the existence and development of Pumi nationality. The main crops are corn, wheat, highland barley, beans and potatoes. Animal husbandry still plays an important role in social economy.
The Pumi nationality is related to the ancient Bianqiang nationality in China. According to national legends and historical documents, the ancestors of Pumi people were nomadic tribes, who first lived in the intersection of Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan, and later moved from the alpine region along the Hengduan Mountains to the warm and low-humidity southwest of Sichuan. /kloc-in the middle of the 0/3rd century, someone was recruited into the Yuan Army and went on an expedition to Yunnan with Kublai Khan. Since then, the ancestors of Pumi nationality have gradually ended the nomadic state of "migrating by water plants" and started farming life.
Thousands of years have passed, however, generations of Pumi people always miss the north. Today, in the life customs and national culture of Pumi people, we can still see the legacy of ancient nomadic people and appreciate their persistent attachment to the northern grassland, the birthplace of the nation.
According to the ancient custom, Pumi children can only wear robes and robes, and underwear and skirts can only be changed after 13 years old. Adult men and women, regardless of clothing style, wear sheepskin vests or shawls and belts; Women are also beautiful because of their thick braids. They like to braid yak tails and silk threads and wear them on their heads. Pumi women in Ninglang often wear long skirts with waist pleats, and a red color line is usually embroidered in the middle of the skirt. They say that this is the route of ancestors' migration, and people need to find their homes along this route after death, otherwise they can't go back to their hometown.
In the funeral activities of Pumi nationality, a ceremony of "giving sheep" to guide the dead was held. At the beginning of the ceremony, the wizard first pointed out the name of the ancestor for the deceased, explained the route home, and brought a sheep to show him the way. Sprinkle some wine and zanba on the sheep's ears first. If the sheep shakes its head, it means that the deceased likes to collect, and the whole family is lucky and safe. Then the family of the deceased knelt down and asked the sheep to drink and kowtow to it. At this time, the wizard stabbed the sheep to death, quickly took out the sheep's heart, put it on the coffin table, and then read the "Road to the Road" for the dead: "Pack your bags quickly, this Aries will lead you back to the north where our ancestors lived. There is thick snow and the collapse of Zawa Mountain where our ancestors rest. This white sheep is the offspring of wild sheep hunted by ancestors. It must be loyal to you, listen to you and take you back to your hometown. " "Only the north is a happy home. Lively, singing and laughing. " Finally, it is necessary to give specific instructions on the route that the deceased should take. Words contain comfort for the dead and hope for the living.
2. Introduce the origin and distribution of Pumi nationality, which is one of the ethnic groups with a long history and ancient culture in China.
1990 The fourth national census had 2972 1 person. According to the demographic data published in Yunnan Statistical Yearbook (China Statistics Publishing House) 1998, the population of Pumi nationality has increased to 3.
1 1 more than ten thousand people. Lanping County in Nujiang Prefecture, ninglang county and Lijiang County in Lijiang Prefecture and Weixi County in Diqing Prefecture are the main settlements.
The rest are distributed in Yunxian, Fengqing, Zhongdian, Muli, Yanyuan and other counties in Sichuan Province. Pumi people mainly live in northwest Yunnan and belong to the central mountain plain in the longitudinal valley area of Hengduan Mountains.
Jinsha River and Lancang River run through the whole territory from north to south. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and the mountains tend to run north and south, forming a terrain where mountains, canyons and small basins meet. Famous mountains include Laojun Mountain, Yulong Snow Mountain, and snow-covered mountains. Chongjiang River, Judian River, Baijiao River and Tongdian River flow into Jinsha River and Lancang River respectively.
In addition, there are famous plateau lakes such as Lugu Lake, Chenghai Lake and Yuhu Lake, which are extremely rich in water resources. This area mainly belongs to temperate monsoon climate, and the mountainous area belongs to mid-temperate semi-humid climate.
The climate changes greatly in various places, with snow all year round in mountainous areas, cold climate, hot valleys and cool hills in mid-levels, with three-dimensional climate characteristics. Abundant rainfall and fertile soil are suitable for the growth of crops such as corn, wheat, highland barley, potato, buckwheat and oats.
Crops such as rice, cotton and sugarcane can also be planted in some warm and humid areas. In 1950s, the forest coverage rate reached 50-70%, and it was rich in high-quality timber and economic trees such as Yunnan pine, fir, hemlock, camphor, sumac and pepper.
The mountainous area is a paradise for rare animals such as tigers, leopards, bears, bison and golden monkeys. Lead, zinc, iron, antimony, gold, silver, mercury, asbestos and other mineral resources are extremely rich.
Pumi people used to be called Xifan, Baju, Puyingmi and Peimi, and later collectively referred to as Pumi people. Pumi people have their own language. Pumi language belongs to the Tibeto-Burman language family of Sino-Tibetan language family, and now most of them use Chinese.
? Pumi people believe in polytheism, worship their ancestors, and some believe in Tibetan Buddhism. ? According to national legends and historical records, Pumi people originally lived on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and were nomadic tribes at the junction of Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan. Later, they gradually moved from high mountain areas to warm areas along the Hengduan Mountains, which lasted for thousands of years.
A nation, from northwest to southwest, has experienced thousands of years of mountains and rivers, gone through hardships and constantly migrated, but it has maintained its national characteristics to this day, which is rare in human history. The Pumi nationality living in Yunling mountain area is one of the most distant nationalities in China.
Most Pumi villages are built halfway up the mountain. Houses are usually made of wood, and the walls are made of overlapping logs, and then covered with boards. The four corners are columns, and a square column is erected in the middle. Pumi people call it "Optimus Prime" and think that this is where the gods are. The room layout of Pumi people is generally that the door faces east, the fire pit is on the right side of the door, there is a shrine behind the fire pit, and there are sleepers around the fire pit.
There is a cow's head bone hanging outside the door, which is a symbol of wealth. The Pumi people's food is mainly corn, mainly making tortillas.
What is particularly ethnic is the "pork belly" made by Pumi people. Slaughtered pigs are eviscerated and boned, and then sprinkled with salt and pepper wine, stitched up and pickled in the wind, which is the top-grade delicacy for entertaining guests. Pumi people also like to eat pig's head meat, and their stewed pig's head meat is famous for its delicious color and fragrance.
Pumi men's clothing is linen or denim jacket, wide trousers, white sheepskin collar and jacket, legs wrapped in felt below the knee, a knife pinned to the waist, and homemade cowhide or pigskin shoes. Women's clothing varies slightly from place to place: some wear big breasts and pleated skirts, while others like to braid their hair with yak hair and velvet.
They are beautiful with thick black braids, and like to tie their waists with wide red, green, yellow and other colors, which looks beautiful and generous. Pumi people love ukulele very much, and lyrical and simple ukulele sounds can be heard everywhere, whether in the fields or in the wooden houses where they live.
When the wanderer returns, the family should use the piano to express their feelings. When a young man falls in love with a girl, he should express his love through the beautiful ukulele. According to the ancient tradition, Pumi people will hold a rite of passage for children over 13 years old during the Chinese New Year.
The rite of coming of age is presided over by mother or uncle, and adult children should step on pig fat and grain bags symbolizing wealth and harvest. In the wizard's prayers to Vulcan and ancestors, they put jackets and trousers on boys and pleated skirts on girls. Children should kowtow and toast to their relatives and friends. From then on, children can participate in various social activities like adults. According to the ancient tradition of Pumi nationality, it is a long and complicated process to conclude a marriage and establish a family, so it is necessary to hire a glib and smart matchmaker.
The wedding is very sacred and grand. The two sides should first ask a wizard to choose an auspicious day, and then the man will send the wedding team and ride a mule to the woman's house with a bride price. At this time, in the woman's home, people are dressing up for the bride while preparing a rich wedding reception. When the wedding procession arrived at the bride's house, two pieces of red cloth had been hung on the greenhouse made of pine and cypress to prevent wedding guests from entering. The two sides should invite singers to sing the "song of recognition" from one place to another, and then the curtain can be lifted for other wedding ceremonies. Married brides are always sad and reluctant to leave.
After bidding farewell to her girlhood and leaving the care of her parents and brothers, the bride got on the horse and left her family. As the wedding procession drifted away, she went to the man's house to hold ceremonies such as ancestor worship and rice cakes, and the bride became a member of her husband's family. After the ceremony, the man's family will hold a banquet in the yard to entertain the guests, pushing the whole wedding to a happy * * *.
(The content comes from the book "China Nationality" edited by Agage, Pengfei Wei and Qi Chonghai. ) 。
3. Introduce the customs and habits of Pumi people. Pumi is one of the ethnic minorities in China, with a population of 29,657.
They mainly live in Lanping Laojun Mountain and Ninglang Yak Mountain in the northwest Yunnan Plateau. A few are distributed in Lijiang, Yongsheng, Weixi, Zhongdian, Yanyuan, Muli and other places in Sichuan, and live together with Han, Bai, Naxi and Tibetan nationalities.
Pumi people call themselves "Puyingmi", "Primi" or "Pemi". China's ancient historical records call it "Xifan" or "Eight Examples".
After the founding of New China, it was officially named Pumi nationality according to the wishes of the people. Pumi nationality has its own language, belonging to the Qiang branch of Tibetan-Burmese language family of Sino-Tibetan language family.
There is little difference between dialects in different places, so you can generally talk to each other. Many Pumi people also speak the languages of Han, Bai, Naxi, Tibetan and other nationalities.
In the past, the Pumi people in Ninglang and Muli used Tibetan letters to spell Pumi to record their own historical legends, stories and ballads, but they did not spread widely. Later, it was used by wizards to write scriptures.
Nowadays, Chinese is widely used in Pumi areas. Pumi people worship nature and ancestors and believe in polytheism. A few people believe in Taoism or Tibetan Buddhism.
Festivals include New Year's Day, Tenth Five-Year Plan and New Year Tasting Festival. Agriculture is one of the basic industries for the existence and development of Pumi nationality.
The main crops are corn, wheat, highland barley, beans and potatoes. Animal husbandry still plays an important role in social economy. The Pumi nationality in Huaixiang is related to the Bianqiang nationality in ancient China.
According to national legends and historical documents, the ancestors of Pumi people were nomadic tribes, who first lived in the intersection of Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan, and later moved from the alpine region along the Hengduan Mountains to the warm and low-humidity southwest of Sichuan. /kloc-in the middle of the 0/3rd century, someone was recruited into the Yuan Army and went on an expedition to Yunnan with Kublai Khan.
Since then, the ancestors of Pumi nationality have gradually ended the nomadic state of "migrating by water plants" and started farming life. Thousands of years have passed, however, generations of Pumi people always miss the north.
Today, in the life customs and national culture of Pumi people, we can still see the legacy of ancient nomadic people and appreciate their persistent attachment to the northern grassland, the birthplace of the nation. According to the ancient custom, Pumi children can only wear robes and robes, and underwear and skirts can only be changed after 13 years old. Adult men and women, regardless of clothing style, wear sheepskin vests or shawls and belts; Women are also beautiful because of their thick braids. They like to braid yak tails and silk threads and wear them on their heads. Pumi women in Ninglang often wear long skirts with waist pleats, and a red color line is usually embroidered in the middle of the skirt.
They say that this is the route of ancestors' migration, and people need to find their homes along this route after death, otherwise they can't go back to their hometown. In the funeral activities of Pumi nationality, a ceremony of "giving sheep" to guide the dead was held.
At the beginning of the ceremony, the wizard first pointed out the name of the ancestor for the deceased, explained the route home, and brought a sheep to show him the way. Sprinkle some wine and zanba on the sheep's ears first. If the sheep shakes its head, it means that the deceased likes to collect, and the whole family is lucky and safe.
Then the family of the deceased knelt down and asked the sheep to drink and kowtow to it. At this time, the wizard stabbed the sheep to death, quickly took out the sheep's heart, put it on the coffin table, and then read the "Road to the Road" for the dead: "Pack your bags quickly, this Aries will lead you back to the north where our ancestors lived.
There is thick snow and the collapse of Zawa Mountain where our ancestors rest. This white sheep is the offspring of wild sheep hunted by ancestors. It must be loyal to you, listen to you and take you back to your hometown. ""Only the north is a happy home.
Come alive, jump, sing and laugh. "Finally, it is necessary to give specific instructions on the route that the deceased should take.
Words contain comfort for the dead and hope for the living. The Pumi villages in Mulangfang, Optimus Prime are mostly distributed in the gentle slope of the mid-levels and live in groups by blood relationship.
The distance between villages is very close, so you can look at each other from the smoke in the kitchen and hear each other's voices. Each family has its own yard and is neighbors to each other.
Houses are mostly wooden structures. The main room is generally 6 long.
It is 5 meters wide and 3 meters wide. There are big columns at the four corners and a square column in the center, which is called "Optimus Prime" (known as "Sanma tile" in Pumi) and is considered to be the place where the gods are located. The roof truss is a I-beam, and the roof is covered with boards or tiles.
The surrounding walls are made of logs. This kind of house is commonly called "wooden room" or "wooden base".
Generally, it is divided into two floors, the upper floor is inhabited by people, and the lower floor is closed to livestock or sundries. The layout of the living room has a certain format: the door faces east and the fireplace is on the right side of the door. It is made of mud and stone, surrounded by wooden boards, and is called a fire pond.
A wooden bed with a width of about 70 cm on both sides is a place to receive guests. Build a big bed as wide as the house under the back wall facing the door of the house, about 70 cm high, covered with wooden boards.
There is a fire pit in the center of the big bed with a tripod on it, which is used to heat and boil water for cooking. It is customarily called a fire pit. There are shops all around, men's shops on the left and women's shops on the right for the whole family to live in.
The fireplace is the center of the house and the main place for family activities. You can usually sit by the fire, chat, sing and sleep.
When eating, the whole family also sits around it, and housewives distribute meals, or everyone bakes and barbecues on it while eating. The red fire reflected the faces of the whole family. Every time relatives and friends visit, the hospitable Pumi people will first guide the guests to the seats next to the fire pit, then offer tea and wine, serve hot beef and mutton, pork belly and a bowl of hot and sour soup mixed with onion, garlic, pepper, pepper and Toona sinensis, and warmly entertain the guests until they are full of wine and even drunk.
The bones of cattle and sheep hang outside the door of Pumi nationality. It is said that this is a symbol of wealth, and it also has the function of exorcising evil spirits and killing ghosts. Adult ceremony-a new starting point of life-the age limit between Pumi children and adults is 13 years old.
/kloc-Before the age of 0/3, both boys and girls wear robes. /kloc-at the age of 0/3, people can change into clothes and step into the ranks of adults after the ceremony of "wearing pants" and "wearing skirts", that is, the adult ceremony.
Pumi people's initiation ceremonies are held more often than during the Spring Festival. The ceremony was presided over by mother or uncle, which was simple and warm.
At that time, the whole family sat around the burning fireplace and watched with joy: adult children walked to the post in front of the fireplace and stepped on pig fat and food bags. Pig fat symbolizes wealth, and grain bags symbolize harvest, which means that when you grow up, you will have no worries about food and clothing and live a happy life.
If it's a boy,
4. Pumi custom Pumi dance
Hold on. When dancing, light a bonfire in the center of the venue. Because it is similar to the boiler house at home, it is called cauldron village. The dance movements of Guozhuang Dance mostly reflect the images of productive labor such as farming, hunting, spinning and hemp washing. There are seventy-two kinds of traditional Guo Zhuang dances, but now they can only play more than a dozen tunes. The dance steps of Guozhuang dance are vigorous and lively, passionate and unrestrained, with large and small movements. While singing and dancing, it retains the characteristics of the trinity of ancient songs, music and dance. Most of Pumi dances are group dances, and men, women and children can join in the dance. At the same time, the movements of Pumi dance are easy to learn, often performed in public places, and easy to popularize. Almost every Pumi people will dance in Pot Village, and the Pumi people's residential area has become a hometown of singing and dancing. Religious dance is another important part of Pumi dance. The exorcism dance to clear the way for the dead in the funeral ceremony and the wizard's "awakening the English" in witchcraft activities such as "sending the gods" belong to religious dances. Witchcraft dances are often accompanied by musical instruments or swords. By dancing, dancers try to create a dignified and powerful atmosphere.
prescribe a diet
The grain produced by Pumi mainly includes corn, highland barley, barley, oats and buckwheat, and the staple food is the finished products of these grains. Ciba noodle is a traditional food of Pumi nationality, and its raw materials are barley, oats, buckwheat and corn.
food culture
There are two main processing methods of Pumi noodles: baking and cooking. All kinds of food can be processed into powder. Adults often eat hard baked Baba, old people and children often eat baked fine flour cakes, and Pumi people often eat boiled noodles.
Pumi people eat a lot of meat, mainly pigs, cattle, sheep and chickens, mainly pork. Most Pumi people mainly kill pigs in winter, which is convenient for storage and preparation for the Chinese New Year. Pig fat is a special method for Pumi people to process the whole pig, that is, after the pig is slaughtered, the hair, head, viscera and limbs are removed, salted and cured, and then the rotten part is stitched into pig fat. Pig fat can generally be preserved for several years without deterioration, and it needs to be cut off in circles when eating. Generally, every Pumi ethnic group cooks one or two pieces of pig fat every year.
Pumi people eat beef with meat and usually cook beef and bones to make steak soup. It is common for Pumi people to eat sheep, which is similar to beef.
Pumi people widely grow vegetables, mainly cabbage, green vegetables, Chinese cabbage, pumpkin, radish, potatoes and so on. The cooking method is relatively simple, and various methods such as boiling, frying and pickling are adopted.
Pumi people have a hobby of drinking tea. They drink tea once a day after getting up, at noon and before dinner. Wine is also a favorite drink of Pumi people, which is divided into shochu and water wine. Wedding and funeral * * *, with a horn cup filled with water wine, known as horn wine. It is a decent thing for the host to get the guests drunk.
In addition to the common cooking utensils, many Pumi people still use the cooking utensils left by their ancestors, such as copper Luo Guo, copper basin, copper pot, clay pot, wooden bowl, wooden finger oil and salt tea set and so on.
In Pumi's family, the fire pit is the center of the house and the main place for family activities. You can usually sit by the fire, chat, sing and sleep. When eating, the whole family also sits around it, and housewives distribute meals, or everyone bakes and barbecues on it while eating. The red fire reflected the faces of the whole family. Every time relatives and friends visit, the hospitable Pumi people will first guide the guests to the seats next to the fire pit, then offer tea and wine, serve hot beef and mutton, pork belly and a bowl of hot and sour soup mixed with onion, garlic, pepper, pepper and Toona sinensis, and warmly entertain the guests until they are full of wine and even drunk.
literature
The Pumi people have created many imaginative, beautiful and gorgeous folk literature works, which have been passed down from generation to generation through the example of the Pumi people.
Pumi poetry before modern Pumi literature is mainly folk songs. Pumi folk songs include ancient songs describing the formation of heaven and earth and the origin of Jin State, ritual songs in primitive religious sacrificial activities, and life songs reflecting Pumi social life, such as marriage customs songs, funeral songs, bitter songs, labor songs and love songs.
There are many classics in Pumi poetry, such as Song of the White Wolf, which was widely circulated as early as the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Zhi Dai Nan Mu, the myth of Pumi origin, which can be called classics in Pumi poetry. Some religious or historical contents in Pumi poetry are recorded in Dingba or Tibetan, and people can recite them against the lyrics. For example, Guli Song records the traditional customs and regulations of Pumi, describes the ancient history and life of Pumi, and some ancient legends and regulations.
There are also many folk stories circulating among Pumi people, most of which originate from life itself. After refinement and development, they eventually become vivid stories. Some of these stories reflect the yearning and pursuit of the Pumi people, some tell the historical legends of the Pumi people, some are religious myths, and some reflect the real life of the Pumi people, such as "Driving Horse Songs" with the theme of caravan life.
In the long historical process, the religion of Pumi nationality has had a very important influence on their spiritual life and social customs.
Sacrificing to the holy mountain is the most typical manifestation of religious culture. There are two kinds of sacred mountain sacrifices of Pumi nationality, one is private sacrifice and the other is public sacrifice.
Private sacrifice is a kind of sacrificial activity organized by every family and clan. The ceremony time is not fixed, and it is more casual and frequent. The public sacrifice was solemn and solemn, and the ceremony was held in Shenshan Forest.
When I went to Lanping, I was fortunate to experience the sacred mountain festival that Pumi people failed to carry out for a hundred years. Sacrificial activities were held at the Lover Dam under Laojun Mountain in Shenshan Mountain.
Drive past the "Three Rivers Source" and walk about two kilometers to the north, and you will arrive at Luoguqing Village. In front of us is a landscape: although it is the middle of winter, the huge lawn is full of green grass, which is refreshing against the rivers in the north, the surrounding mountains and the dense towering trees.
This is the famous lover dam. Lover dam is named after two big trees in the middle of the grass.
On the south side of the lover tree, the Pumi brothers set up a sacrificial platform. On the wooden pillars around the platform, six flags of five colors fluttered in the wind.
Pumi men dressed in festive costumes wore long knives around their waists. The woman wore a long white dress, a colorful coat and a handkerchief on her head, like a blooming mountain flower. Representatives of Pumi brothers from Ninglang, Yongsheng, Weixi, Lijiang and Jingkun gathered here to participate in the sacrificial activities.
The sun shines on the mountains and grasslands of Hui Jin. The solemn sacred mountain sacrifice activity began.
"Khan Gui" (clergyman, priest) holds musical instruments and recites eulogy. At the same time, the band blew its horn and struck drums, gongs and bells.
Ancient and beautiful music echoed in the valley. The general idea of Khan Gui's eulogy is: "In the east where the sunrise is white, in the south where white light is emitted, in the west where red light is emitted, and in the center where golden light is emitted, the Pumi brothers and friends of all ethnic groups at the foot of our sacred mountain put all yin, filth and anger under the protection of Laojun Mountain in Xinji Year, on the sixth day of the twelfth lunar month, in auspicious years, auspicious months and auspicious days.
Green mountains and green waters are the companions of Pumi people from ancient times to the present, the whole of life and the wealth they depend on for survival. They get bamboo and wood for building houses, medicinal herbs, delicious wild vegetables and sweet mountain spring water from the mountains.
Therefore, for thousands of years, Pumi people have regarded Laojun Mountain as a sacred mountain and offered sacrifices to it on holidays to express their reverence and worship. For thousands of years, Pumi people who live by mountains and rivers have summed up a simple truth: there are trees first, water later, and human development later.
Only by caring for mountains can we save trees, water and the sustainable development of human beings. The motive force of this ecological culture is the nature worship of animism.
After the singing, the fierce Pumi people raised a sharp knife, tied two cows, two sheep and two roosters to wooden poles, and offered their heads on the altar. The rest of the priests followed Khan home and chanted, while circling the altar and chanting in prayer.
After the chanting, cut the remaining cattle, sheep and chickens into small pieces and cook them in the cauldron prepared by the altar, and share them as food given by the holy mountain. Eating what the holy mountain gives can ensure that you are healthy, safe and auspicious that year.
6. What are the daily customs and etiquette cultures of Pumi people in national etiquette? When guests come home, the host should slaughter pigs, sheep, chickens and ducks in front of the guests to show sincerity; When the guests leave, the host will give them a leg of pork, which is called "parting".
When building a new house, all the relatives and friends in the neighborhood went to help, and the owner only left food and drink without paying. At weddings, funerals and weddings, you should use a horn cup to hold wine and respect guests. It is only decent to be drunk.
Pumi people living in Lanping Bai Pumi Autonomous County, Yunnan Province, whether they know each other or not, whether they are locals or outsiders, will be warmly invited home as long as they pass by their door. Sometimes several families wait at the entrance of the village at the same time, but only one passer-by comes, and they all have to pull the guests to their own homes. It often happens that several people compete for a guest.
The host will be extremely proud of who can be the first to take passers-by home as guests. If there are no passers-by on New Year's Day, Pumi people will invite virtuous, hardworking and polite people from the stockade to their homes.
Invited people will bring gifts to their guests' homes and will not shirk them. This is out of respect for the host and is also their own glory. When they arrived at the host's house, the guests wished the host: "I wish your family ample food and clothing, happiness and well-being, harmony and happiness!" " "The host respectfully replied," thanks to you, I wish you all the best! ""Then, the host and the guests drank a toast and tasted rich food. They talked about everything and enjoyed themselves.
When the guests leave, the host will also put glutinous rice Baba, pig's head meat or yellow wine into the guests' hands.