Gender: male
Date of birth: 15 18.
Li Shizhen, whose real name is Dong Bi, was born in 15 18 and died in 1593. He was an outstanding physician in China in the Ming Dynasty and one of the great masters of science in the world at that time.
Li Shizhen was born in a family whose profession is medicine. Father Li Jiwen is a famous local doctor with rich practical experience and pharmacological knowledge. Based on his years of medical experience, he has compiled medical books such as Ai Chuan, Four Sofa Medicines, Eight-pulse Method of Medicine and Diagnosis and Treatment of Acne Rash. Influenced by his father, Li Shizhen became interested in medicine at an early age. But his father doesn't want him to be a doctor. Because, at that time, the social status of doctors was very low, and people didn't pay attention to it. Li Jiwen spent most of his life practicing medicine. Although he also enjoys the pleasure of eradicating diseases for the people, he is more looked down upon by powerful people. So he urged Li Shizhen to read classics and stereotyped writing in an attempt to find a way out from the imperial examination. At first, Li Shizhen really failed to live up to his father's expectations, and was admitted to the Jinshi in 153 1 year (the tenth year of Jiajing of Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty). But gradually, Li Shizhen became more and more fond of medicine, while stereotyped writing became less and less fond of reading classics. Although Li Yanwen enlightened him many times, he failed to change his son's interest.
Therefore, Li Shizhen, from 16 to 22 years old, has failed in Sun Shan, even though he has participated in the Kao Juren's provincial examinations for three consecutive times. After he left his younger brother after the third rural examination, he finally made up his mind to practice medicine for life. 1542, Li Shizhen began to practice medicine. At first, he worked as an assistant to his father. When my father is too busy, he also helps to see a doctor. Whenever he is free, he will post medical books to read. Li Shizhen has a wide range of leisure time for reading. Besides reading classic medical books such as Neijing, Difficult Classics, Treatise on Febrile Diseases, Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, Pulse Classics and A-B Classics, he especially likes to study the Materia Medica of past dynasties, among which Li Shizhen's medical skills improved rapidly because he studied the medical books of his predecessors. Around 1545, there was a big flood in Zhangzhou. After the flood, the epidemic spread and many poor people came to the Li family for treatment. Li Shizhen always warmly receives patients, regardless of whether they have consultation fees or not, but he takes care of them all the same. In medical practice, Li Shizhen is good at using the methods of "four diagnoses" (namely, four methods of diagnosis: looking, smelling, asking and feeling) and "people's program" (namely, eight symptoms of yin and yang, exterior and interior, cold and heat, and excess and deficiency are the outline of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment), and skillfully and flexibly grasps the law of "syndrome differentiation and treatment". When making a diagnosis, he used both "classic prescriptions" and "time prescriptions" to treat diseases, regardless of style. He especially likes to treat diseases with "single prescription" (referring to the prescription which is simple in taste and can be used locally), "trial expansion" (referring to the prescription which is effective in clinical application) and some folk earthwork, so that patients can spend less money and get great results. Therefore, it is very popular with the poor.
Through his own medical practice, Li Shizhen deeply felt that as a doctor, distinguishing and using drugs is a crucial issue. However, he found that "Ancient Materia Medica" was aimed at Jianyuan's overseas inspection. Li Shizhen went through hardships and finally got a lot of first-hand information, which laid a solid foundation for the compilation of Compendium of Materia Medica. 1578, Che Shizhen, who was over 60 years old, finally finished the first draft of Compendium of Materia Medica. By this time, Li Shizhen had spent 27 years writing this book. However, Li Shizhen, whose scientific attitude is rigorous, did not stop there. After more than ten years of revision, he revised the manuscript three times before finalizing this unprecedented pharmaceutical work. Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica, as a blueprint, originally contained 1558 drugs, but the names of these drugs were messy and repeated a lot.
After finishing in Li Shizhen, 1479 drugs were obtained. Li Shizhen also included 29 kinds of drugs newly adopted by physicians in past dynasties, and he added 374 kinds himself (Li Shizhen himself said in the preface that it was 376 kinds, but it may be revised later, and it was 374 kinds when it was finalized).
* * * 52 volumes,1900,000 words, divided into 16 parts, 62 categories, * * * medicines 1882 kinds. In addition to plant medicines, there are 445 kinds of animal medicines and 276 kinds of mineral medicines. In addition, the book also contains 1 1096 prescriptions circulated by ancient doctors and people, of which 8 16 1 was collected by Li Shizhen himself. There are 1 160 drug morphology charts in the book to increase people's perceptual knowledge of drugs. Compendium of Materia Medica systematically summarizes the experience and achievements of traditional Chinese medicine before16th century, and the six categories enrich the varieties of traditional Chinese medicine, which is a precious heritage of ancient pharmacology and botany in China and has played a significant role in promoting the development of traditional Chinese medicine and even the world.
Li Shizhen wrote a lot of works in his life, besides Compendium of Materia Medica, he also wrote Pulse Study of Huzhehu Lake, Examination of Eight Veins in Strange Classics, Medical Records of Linhu Lake, Simplified Prescriptions, Theory of Five Zangs, Examination of Juemen in West Sanjiao Room, Legend of White Snake and so on. But most of them have disappeared, and only Huzhe Lake has survived. These two books are now required books for learning pulse diagnosis.
The publication of Compendium of Materia Medica is warmly welcomed not only by our people, but also by people all over the world. 1606, Compendium of Materia Medica was introduced to Japan and South Korea, and then translated into Latin, French, Russian, German, English and other languages, which spread all over the world and became a valuable asset for people all over the world.