Investigation report on psychological growth of college students (1)
This survey fully reflects a series of psychological problems of contemporary college students, and the students in Class 07 of History in Social College are typical. It provided real and rich information and vivid examples for school mental health education, and achieved the purpose of this activity, which was relatively successful. Keywords: college students; Mental health; Investigation situation
This activity takes the students of history department of Social College as samples and conducts a sampling survey. This survey, in the form of questionnaire, aims to investigate the mental health status of students in Anhui Normal University. * * * 96 questionnaires were distributed, and 90 questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 93. 75%, of which 8/kloc-0 questionnaires were valid, and the effective rate was 90%. This report adopts the method of effective questionnaire sampling, and selects 20 samples for analysis. The results are now announced as follows:
First, learning problems.
In this survey, learning is the most concerned and prominent issue for students. For example, in question 33, "The psychological pressure caused by arranging the following items in descending order", 44% of the students think it is the psychological pressure caused by study. This shows that nearly half of the students who have just entered the university life are not adapted to the university life, especially the university learning style, and feel great psychological pressure. After the tense college entrance examination, many students can't adapt to the open and relaxed learning and lifestyle of the university, or they are too nervous to get rid of the exam-oriented education in high school, or feel that life is empty, doing nothing all day, neglecting their studies and wasting their time. Another example is question 29, "What do you think is your frustration after going to college?" Among them, 33% students choose "unsatisfactory academic performance", which shows that freshmen are in urgent need of guidance in their studies and seek a sense of psychological accomplishment.
Second, spare time life.
Among the students surveyed, 45% feel that college life is free and open, and students pay more attention to learning and have high learning consciousness. Among them, 56% of the students asked the third question, "What do you mainly do in your spare time?" On the contrary, only 10% students choose to play games or online dating. But it also reflects from the side that students' psychological learning pressure is still great.
Third, economic life.
Nowadays, college students have little difficulty in economic life. The sixth question is "Do you have enough living expenses every month?" In the middle school stage, 67% of the students are basically enough, and 1 1% of the students have surplus. At the same time, in the seventh question, "Do you think that the monthly living expenses are a burden on yourself and cause psychological pressure?" 60% students think there is no pressure. All of the above shows that with the development and progress of society and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the living standards of college students are also improving, and the psychological pressure of college students is obviously reduced due to economic life.
Fourth, interpersonal communication.
Interpersonal communication is a prominent issue in this survey. Question 33, "Please rank the psychological pressure brought by the following items from big to small", 33% of the students think it is the psychological pressure caused by "interpersonal relationship". And in question 8, "Do you often feel lonely or lost with a group of friends?" 79% students choose "yes" or "sometimes", which reflects that contemporary college students lack the ability to communicate with others. Similarly, question 29, "What are your frustrations after going to college?" 33% students choose "unsuitable for dormitory life", which is equivalent to the number of students who choose "unsatisfactory academic performance". It can be seen that learning methods and interpersonal communication are the two most serious problems among middle school students in this survey.
A considerable number of college students come from rural areas. In my previous daily life, my anxiety range was narrow and I had less opportunities to communicate with others. When I first arrived at the university, faced with such an open and free environment, so many classmates. Faced with so many public occasions, I am at a loss and confused, so I am ashamed to express my introverted personality. Students who grow up in cities come from one-child families, so it is difficult to understand the situation of rural students. So a gap was formed. Meanwhile, in question 20, "Do you think most people can't be trusted?" There are 78% students who think "yes" or "occasionally". This reflects some problems in college students' interpersonal communication.
Fifth, psychological balance.
Question 1 "What do you think is the gap between your current school and your ideal university?" In the middle school stage, 56% students choose "very big", which reflects that there is still a certain gap between the ideal university and the real school. Question 13 "Do you feel confident?" 69% students chose "not confident" or "sometimes not very confident". The fifth question, "What do you think is your worst in college life now?" There are 57% students who think they lack self-confidence, both of which reflect that our classmates are not confident enough about themselves. However, in question 23, "Is it hard to say your troubles?" Do you often feel like a failure? "Only 20% of students think they don't have such a problem. Question 26: "Have you always had a clear goal in life? Are you working hard for it? "Only 3 1% of the students think it is' yes'. These two problems also show that students have no clear goals and no confidence in the future. The above problems show that students have not reached psychological balance from different angles, and there is always a gap between ideal and reality.
This survey fully reflects a series of psychological problems of contemporary college students, who are typical of the students in the history class of grade 07 in Social College. It provided real and rich information and vivid examples for school mental health education, and achieved the purpose of this activity, which was relatively successful. This activity has received strong support from all sides, and once again I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to the Starfish Research Association and the 07 History Class!
refer to
1, Peking University students' psychological quality and mental health research Fan Fumin, Wang Jianzhong Tsinghua University Education Research 2001-kloc-0/2-30.
2. 10 Analysis of Gains and Losses of Research on Mental Health of Chinese College Students Ma Jianqing China Journal of Mental Health 1998-0 1-20.
Investigation report on psychological growth of college students (part two)
With the expansion of college enrollment and the rapid development of socialist economy, the increasingly fierce sense of competition has already penetrated into the hearts of every college student, and various psychological problems and mental diseases of college students have also increased. It can be said that psychological problems have become an important factor affecting its healthy development, but whether psychological development can be healthy is a complex process influenced and integrated by many factors. It is necessary to master some skills or strategies to help students tide over difficulties and maintain campus stability. Keywords college students; Mental health; Influencing factors; Coping strategy
As we all know, health refers not only to physical health, but also to mental health. "Ci Hai" said: "Health refers to a state in which all organs and systems of the human body are well developed, functioning normally, physically strong, full of energy, and have sound physiological, psychological and social adaptability." In recent years, with the expansion of colleges and universities, the number of college students has increased rapidly. The increasingly fierce competition has obviously increased the pressure on college students' study, life and employment, and various mental health problems have also increased. Through various surveys and statistics, the mental health status of college students in China is generally at a healthy level, but there are still quite a few students with different degrees of mental health problems, such as weak will, lack of competition awareness, lack of ability to bear setbacks, lack of self-confidence and strong dependence.
First, the influencing factors of college students' mental health growth
(A) Genetic factors are congenital factors that affect the mental health of college students.
Although people's psychological activities are mainly formed and developed, as a whole of physiology and psychology, some activities of people are more influenced by genetic factors, such as mental illness. According to the survey statistics and clinical observation, among the families of mental patients, the blood relationship is from far to near, and the incidence rate is from less to more. The psychological activities and behaviors of ordinary people are consistent with the physiological development stage of people. If the individual's psychological behavior seriously deviates from the physiological age, it is generally a manifestation of psychological unhealthy. Being too mature may have a heavy psychological burden, while being too naive may become a victim of social competition. In a word, genetic factor is one of the factors that affect the psychological development of college students, but it is not the most important factor.
(2) Environmental factors are acquired factors that affect college students' mental health.
Family environment is the main living environment of individuals and the first school in life, which is very important for individual psychological development. Whether the family environment is harmonious and democratic is related to the individual's psychological development and potential play, and the parenting style has a great influence on the individual's psychological development. For example, if parents spoil and protect their children too much, children will gradually become dependent, lack creativity and independence, reduce opportunities to communicate with others and adapt to society, and easily form a withdrawn and introverted personality, thus forming a "self-centered" personality. In a word, family environment factors and parents' rearing patterns can easily affect individual psychological development.
The influence of school environment on individual psychological development is also great, because most of the time of individual education is spent in school, and the influence of school on individual psychological development is mainly realized through school education conditions, teacher-student relationship and student-student relationship. If students are overburdened, the relationship between teachers and students is not harmonious, and the relationship between classmates is not harmonious, students will be psychologically nervous and depressed, which will easily cause psychological obstacles.
The social environment mainly includes politics, economy and culture. Among them, unhealthy thoughts and behaviors in social life will affect their normal and healthy psychological development. At present, there are more and more temptations from various networks, such as games and bad websites, which will affect their mental health development.
(3) The individual's mental state is the main factor that affects the mental health of college students.
The individual's psychological state mainly includes cognition, emotion and personality. Once these psychological states are formed, they will affect the future psychological development.
First, individuals have various cognitive functions. If an individual's cognition, needs or motives are not satisfied for a long time, psychological deviation or mental illness may occur. Once cognition is seriously out of control, it will also damage the integrity of personality, which will lead to personality abnormality.
Secondly, people's emotions are multi-component and multi-level. They are the internal motive force of individual survival and social adaptation, and are important factors to maintain physical and mental health. Whether the mood is positive or not is related to people's physical and mental health. Stable and positive emotions make people physically and mentally healthy and energetic. On the contrary, fluctuations and negative emotions are harmful to people's physical and mental health.
Thirdly, personality factors, including personality, temperament and personality tendency, have an impact on a person's mental health. For example, in the face of setbacks, some people respond negatively and give up on themselves; Some people face up to reality and work hard, which is due to their personality. Research shows that special personality characteristics are often the basis of mental illness, such as caution, perfection, indecision, ruthlessness, sensitivity and narrowness, which easily lead to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therefore, cultivating a sound personality is one of the key factors to maintain physical and mental health.
Second, to promote the healthy growth of college students' psychological countermeasures
(A) to strengthen the level of mental health publicity and education
Due to the pressure of entering a higher school, mental health education is rarely carried out in primary and secondary schools in China, which leads to the lack of mental health knowledge of students. Therefore, after entering the university, we should actively carry out mental health publicity and education activities, such as seizing the favorable opportunity for freshmen to enter the school, inviting psychologists or teachers inside and outside the school, mobilizing the strength of the school psychological association, holding various mental health lectures, distributing mental health brochures, and showing related mental health education films. And organize a visit to the mental health photo exhibition to enrich students' mental health knowledge and enhance their psychological self-regulation ability.
(B) the establishment of mental health files, strengthen the psychological intervention mechanism for students.
In recent years, colleges and universities across the country are increasingly aware of the importance of mental health education for college students. With the deepening of mental health education, we have fully realized the importance and necessity of establishing college students' mental health files. Regularly conduct psychological surveys on students of different grades or majors, especially freshmen, make statistical analysis of the surveys, establish and manage files for students with obvious psychological problems, and record the problems of problem students; Psychological counseling and long-term care for students with psychological barriers, because of mastering the first-hand information of students, can fully see the essence embodied in some students through some phenomena, which is conducive to solving students' psychological problems and reducing the occurrence of accidents caused by psychological problems. Therefore, in daily life and study, we can do more targeted work and get twice the result with half the effort. In a word, the establishment of college students' mental health files provides strong support and scientific basis for us to carry out mental health consultation and education, implements the policy of "prevention is more important than treatment" and embodies the principle of developmental consultation.
At the same time, I think colleges and universities should not only strengthen long-term measures such as psychological counseling and education for college students, but also strengthen contact and communication with parents. Through students' psychological files, parents can help students understand their children's psychological characteristics, find out their psychological troubles in time, work out a counseling plan with the school, give full play to the dual strength of the school and family, and let students have a good growth environment. In this way, families and schools can form a joint force to prevent a real crisis and take measures to reduce the suddenness and contingency of the crisis.
(C) Attach importance to the combination of mental health education and ideological and moral education
Mental health education focuses on improving college students' mental health level and social adaptability, which is often based on forming good ideological and moral quality. Because the direction of a person's psychological development is dominated by his thoughts and values, good ideological and moral quality is the basis for shaping a healthy psychology. The CPC Central Committee has long emphasized that moral educators should go deep into students, closely combine ideological and moral education with mental health education, and guide them to deal with the contradictions and problems encountered in their study, growth and life. Moreover, through investigation and study, it is found that the close combination of ideological and moral education and mental health education is conducive to enhancing the effect of mental health education and improving the self-cultivation consciousness and moral level of college students. Because both of them belong to the work of educating people, there is an inevitable internal connection between them. Combining them closely and combining psychological counseling with ideological and moral education will help to improve students' mental health.
(4) Enriching campus cultural life and strengthening the construction of campus environment.
As a position for educating people, schools should create a campus environment suitable for the healthy growth of students. Campus environment is the unity of material environment, spiritual environment and cultural environment, and the unique spiritual environment and cultural environment are a potential educational force. The clean and beautiful campus material living environment gives people a kind of beautiful enjoyment and relaxed feeling, which can make students receive education imperceptibly in life, relieve their anxiety in study and life, and is very beneficial to the healthy development of students' psychology. As an environmental education force, campus culture has a great influence on the healthy growth of students. Without a good educational environment, it is easy to have a certain impact on students' mental health. The ultimate goal of campus culture construction is to create an atmosphere to cultivate students' sentiment, shape their healthy personality and improve their quality in an all-round way.
Campus culture has the function of educating people, and the carrier of campus culture is mainly various collective activities. If there is too much spare time, students will feel that campus life is monotonous and tasteless, which may form an undercurrent of enthusiasm for some harmful activities. Therefore, schools should properly carry out some colorful extracurricular activities, and the contents and forms of extracurricular activities should be diversified.
It should be ideological, such as youth volunteer activities, speech contests and intellectual, such as subject knowledge contests and lectures, entertaining, such as various sports competitions, literary performances, art calligraphy exhibitions and film and television appreciation, and practical, such as social surveys, social services, work-study programs and so on. It is also necessary to set up some traditional school-wide activities, such as learning from Lei Feng, welcoming activities, track and field games, etc. In short, extracurricular activities should be both educational and interesting. Give full play to students' subjective initiative, create conditions for students to organize themselves, take the initiative to participate, and entertain and educate. Make students receive education unconsciously in activities, stimulate positive team consciousness and self-motivation, enhance collective concept, exercise will, learn to associate with people, know and understand social problems, find their own position, and form healthy personality and good moral sentiments.
We should also make use of propaganda positions, give full play to the role of broadcasting rooms, newspaper columns, publicity windows, reading rooms and famous sayings and aphorisms, praise good people and deeds, criticize wrong thoughts and behaviors at the same time, restrain bad styles and establish correct public opinion. Through the above methods, the whole school is full of correct public opinion atmosphere, so that students can develop physically and mentally healthily.
refer to
Sue. Psychological counseling for college students [M]. Zhejiang University Press, July 2, 2005.