Iberians, cyclists and Celts from the Mediterranean came to England in BC. 1-In the 5th century, the southeast of Great Britain was ruled by the Roman Empire. After the Romans retreated, the Angles, Saxons and Jutes in Northern Europe invaded and settled in succession. The feudal system began to form in the 7th century, and many small countries merged into seven kingdoms, contending for hegemony for 200 years, which is known as the "Anglo-Saxon era". In 829, King Egbert of Wessex unified England. It was invaded by the Danes at the end of the 8th century, and from 10 16 to 1042, it was a part of the Danish pirate empire. The Duke of Normandy crossed the sea to conquer England in 1066 after the short-term rule of the English king. 12 15 King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta and his kingship was suppressed. From 1338 to 1453, Britain and France fought a "hundred-year war", and Britain won first and then lost. 1536 Wales was incorporated into England. 1588 defeated the Spanish "Armada" and established maritime hegemony. 1640, Britain was the first bourgeois revolution in the world and became the pioneer of bourgeois revolution. 1May 649 19, the Republic of China was proclaimed. 1660 restored the dynasty, 1688 witnessed a "glorious revolution" and established a constitutional monarchy. England 1707 merged with Scotland, 180 1 merged with Ireland. /kloc-from the second half of the 8th century to the first half of the 9th century, it became the first country in the world to complete the industrial revolution. /kloc-the 0/9th century was the heyday of the British Empire. 19 14 years, the occupied colony was11times larger than the mainland, and it was the first colonial power, claiming to be "imperial". It began to decline after the First World War. Britain established Northern Ireland in 1920, and allowed South Ireland to break away from the rule of 192 1 922 and establish an independent country. 193 1 year promulgated the Westminster act, which forced the autonomous territories to be independent in internal affairs and diplomacy, and the colonial system of the British empire was shaken. During World War II, Britain's economic strength was greatly weakened and its political status declined. With the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, the British colonial system collapsed in the 1960s. 1973 65438+ Britain joined Europe in October. Historically, England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland are four countries. Later, England and Wales merged through marriage, and then Elizabeth I, the last king of Tudor dynasty, passed it on to her nephew James, king of Scotland, and Scotland and England merged. Charles, the son of James, was overthrown by Cromwell's revolutionary army. During Cromwell's reign, Ireland was conquered by force. 1923, the British Parliament decided to split Ireland in two. Twenty-three counties in the south became independent countries of Ireland, and four counties in the north remained in Britain as Northern Ireland. Great Britain is an island, which consists of England, Scotland and Wales. The so-called UK is the abbreviation of United Kingdom, which means the United Kingdom.