The application of horses in war is attributed to nomadic people. As early as 2000 BC, the Hittites swept Phoenicia, Mesopotamia and Egypt with two light chariots. The earliest regular cavalry was the Assyrian cavalry which appeared in the 9th century BC. At that time, the cavalry were all equestrian masters.

There are three types of cavalry in the Assyrian army, namely light cavalry, bow cavalry and heavy cavalry. Later, cavalry gradually replaced chariots, which became heavier and heavier, and four-horse chariots finally became the means of transportation for infantry. Assyrian archers appeared in the late empire. The horse height is about 150cm, and the color is typical Arkansas-Turkmen horse. Today, there are such breeds in Turkmen generation, and they are also close relatives of Iranian horses.

2. The richest cavalry: the Knights Templar.

The Knights Templar was founded after the First Crusade, and was mainly composed of French knights. Its leader was originally stationed in the corner of Al-Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. It is said that it was built on the temple of King Solomon, hence its name. 129, the Templar received the official support of the Holy See and had many privileges, thus rapidly increasing its scale, power and wealth, and even developing the earliest banking industry.

The fate of the Templars and the Crusaders is closely related. 199 1 year, the holy land fell, they lost their base areas, and finally fell victim to the financial problems of King Ferry IV of France. In 307, many of its members were arrested in France, and after a cruel trial, they were burned to death because they believed in paganism. In 3 12, Pope Clement V, under the pressure of Longli IV, announced the dissolution of the Knights Templar. This religious and military organization, which has been active for nearly two centuries, has since disappeared in major regions of Europe, and its tragic ending has spawned many related legends and literary works.

3. Heaviest cavalry: Byzantine heavy cavalry.

/kloc-in the 0 th century, Byzantine heavy cavalry was the most expensive mercenary at that time, with the best equipment and the highest combat skills.

Byzantine heavy cavalry fought many battles, and the only defeat was the last one. 107 1 year, the Byzantine Empire was defeated by the light cavalry of the Turkish Seljuk dynasty in Manzkot, and the super heavy cavalry withdrew from the stage and never appeared again.

4. The cavalry with the highest requirements for the combat environment: Mamluk Sima cavalry.

Few generals will take camel cavalry to fight on the edge of the desert. In the era of cold weapons, camel cavalry is a well-deserved king of desert. Maruk camel cavalry was the only army that made European cavalry want to cry before Mongolian cavalry dug it up. Because horses hate the smell of camels, many knights have fallen off their horses before they can fight the enemy. In logistics, camels can live in the roughest parts of rare plants and eat spiny plants that other animals don't eat, such as cactus, shrub leaves and hay, which horses don't have.

Maruke camel cavalry relies on desert terrain, uses half-moon machetes commonly used by desert people, and is equipped with quite tight armor. Because of their religious beliefs and high morale, they are a very terrible armed force.

5. The most disciplined cavalry: Mongolian cavalry.

Mongolian cavalry was a well-trained, disciplined, flexible, resourceful and frightening whirlwind force in the Middle Ages, and established an unprecedented great empire. The establishment of this army should be attributed to Temujin, who is very talented. It was he who built a multi-tribal country into an invincible military organization.

The basis of Mongolian army's combat victory is not quantity, but quality. Usually, the Mongolian army is smaller than that of its main enemy. Genghis Khan's largest army was the one he used to conquer Persia, with only 240,000 men. Later, the troops they used to conquer Russia and the whole eastern and central Europe never exceeded 1.5 million.

6. The most unprofessional cavalry: dragoons

The dragoons were originally a kind of "riding infantry", mainly relying on mobile foot combat. Soldiers are trained in equestrian and infantry fighting skills. After riding to the destination, dismount and fight step by step, act like cavalry and fight like infantry.

The first appearance of cavalry can be traced back to the Italian war of 1552- 1559, when the French occupied Piedmont. In order to deal with the Spaniards who might appear on their backs at any time, the then French marshal ordered his musketeers to ride on horseback, thus forming the world's first mobile infantry.

7. The earliest cavalry unit equipped with firearms on a large scale: the black-shirted knight.

/kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, Lord Gunter of Fort Svarc, Thuringia, established his cavalry, named Schwarzer Leiteng, that is, the Knights of the Black Liner. They are almost prototypes of modern cavalry, emphasizing firepower and maneuverability. In German, Ritter means rider, but it quickly became synonymous with cavalry mercenaries.

The black knight's combat unit is usually a squadron of 300-400 people, arranged in a close formation, maintaining a pattern of 20-30 people. After the cavalry in front fired, they separated to both sides and retreated to the rear of the array to reload. This marching shooting tactic was originally invented by Spanish infantry to ensure uninterrupted firepower. When the enemy's formation was loosened by bombing, cavalry squadrons flocked to disperse the enemy with knives and guns.

8. The cavalry unit with the highest threshold: Guards Grenadier Cavalry.

French grenadiers have been an absolute elite force since 1676 officially entered the Louis XV Guard. The provisions of the early empire on the threshold of becoming a grenadier cavalry guard, such as "serving for more than ten years, having more than four combat experiences and being brave enough", meant that it could not be just a facade cavalry unit.

Guards grenadiers are called "high heels" because of their tall stature, and "gods" because of their outstanding military achievements. They are one of the oldest troops in Napoleon's cavalry. The Guards Grenadier Cavalry and the Guards Polish Lancer are the only two regiments in Napoleon's cavalry that have never been defeated by enemy cavalry.

9. The most fearless cavalry: Polish cavalry.

1920, the first large-scale cavalry campaign in human history broke out in the Soviet Union and Poland. Domineering, heroic, wild and rough Cossack cavalry suffered the first fiasco after the founding of the Soviet Union in front of Polish cavalry.

Only ten years later, the heroic Polish cavalry also suffered a fiasco: 1939, drunken Germany blitzed Germany and Poland. Never seen a steel monster-tank, Polish cavalry is not afraid. They polished the sabre and imagined killing the enemy with it as before. When Polish cavalry rushed to the German tank cluster with sabers, the result of the war was already doomed, and German guns began to roar. Brave knights were slaughtered in batches. This is the swan song of cavalry, which dominated the history of human war for thousands of years and gradually withdrew from the historical stage.

10. The cavalry unit that pays the most attention to its own image: the Royal Cavalry.

Today, there are still many festivals and celebrations with strong historical colors in London, England. If there are royal cavalry in it, it is always the most attractive.

Because of the strict requirements on the military ability of cavalry, every detail of horses should be checked for more than an hour before and after going out. Everything worn by cavalry and horses, from helmets to horseshoes, will be checked repeatedly. Every mission, soldiers spend six hours polishing their weapons and uniforms, washing their horses and saddling them. Only when 100% meets the requirements will the cavalry set out to perform the task.