Abraham Lincoln (English: Abraham Lincoln, 1809, February 12- 1865, April 15), an American politician, was the 6th president of the United States. During his presidency, a civil war broke out in the United States, which is known as the Civil War. Lincoln abolished slavery in the southern States, but after the civil war, several northern States that supported the federal government were still allowed by Lincoln to keep slavery. Lincoln defeated the separatist forces in the south and safeguarded the equal rights of all people in the United States and its territory. Shortly after the end of the civil war, Lincoln was assassinated. He was the first American president to be assassinated and the first Republican president. He was one of the greatest presidents. In 2005, AOL held a poll-"The Greatest American", and Lincoln was elected as the second greatest man in America. Record 1 person's life

1. 1 youth 1.2 youth 1.3 middle-aged 1.4 assassination and death 1.5 what's behind him 2 achievements in office.

2. 1 Abolish slavery 2.2 Win the civil war and safeguard national unity 3 Honor and legacy

Lincoln was assassinated.

4. 1 Lincoln and Freemasonry 4.2 Assassination of Seward 4.3 Booth Assassination of Lincoln 4.4 Memories of the murder scene 5 anecdotes.

The remarks of six people

6. 1 famous sayings 6.2 speech 7 characters evaluation

Eight-word chronology

1 Life of a character in his youth [1] 1809 (old) 12 In February, Lincoln was born in a poor family in Harding County, Kentucky. Lincoln's father was a shoemaker. In his own words, his childhood was "a concise chronicle of poverty". When he was a child, he helped his family move firewood, carry water, do farm work and so on. Parents are descendants of British immigrants. They make a living by farming and hunting. 18 16, the Lincoln family moved to southwest Indiana to reclaim land for a living. At the age of 9, Lincoln's mother, who was only 36 years old, died unfortunately. A year later, my father married a kind and enlightened woman named Sarah Bush. The stepmother is kind and hardworking, regards the children of her husband's ex-wife as her own children, and is full of love for young Lincoln. Lincoln also loves her stepmother, and the family is harmonious and happy. Because of his poor family, Lincoln didn't get a good education. In order to support his family, Lincoln worked as a ferryman, plantation worker, shop assistant and carpenter on the Ohio River in his teens. When he was young, 18-year-old Lincoln, a tall man, was employed by a ship owner and sailed thousands of miles along the Ohio River with others. Before the age of 25, Lincoln had no fixed job and made a living everywhere. As an adult, he became a local land surveyor. Because he is proficient in measurement and calculation, he is often invited by people to solve land boundary disputes. After hard work, Lincoln has always been a young man who loves reading, and the light of reading at night always flashes late. When he was young, Lincoln read all Shakespeare's works, American history and many books on history and literature. He made himself a learned man through self-study. He made his first political speech at a political rally. Because he attacked slavery and put forward some suggestions beneficial to public utilities, Lincoln had an influence on the public, and with his outstanding personality, he was elected as a state senator in 1834. [2] 1834 In August, 25-year-old Lincoln was elected as a state legislator and began his political career. At the same time, with the help of his friends, he managed the rural post office, engaged in land investigation and studied law. Two years later, Lincoln became a lawyer through self-study and soon became the Whig leader of the state legislature. After accumulating the experience of state legislators, 1846, 37-year-old Lincoln was elected to the United States House of Representatives. 1847, Lincoln, as a representative of the Whig Party, participated in the election of members of Congress and was successful. He came to Washington for the first time. Around this time, the debate about slavery has become a major event in American political life. In this debate, Lincoln gradually became an opponent of slavery. He believes that slavery should be abolished eventually, and it should be abolished in Washington first. Slavery, which represents the interests of southern slave owners, is crazy against Lincoln. 1850 during the middle ages, the power of American slave owners increased greatly, and Lincoln withdrew from Congress and continued to be a lawyer. 1860, Lincoln became the Republican presidential candidate. In June 1 1, the election was announced. Lincoln was elected as the 16 th president of the United States with 2 million votes, but he didn't get the 1 vote in the southern states controlled by slave owners. After the general election was announced, the slave owners of the southern plantations created divisions and launched a rebellion. 1 1 Southern states successively withdrew from the federation, declared the establishment of "United States of America", formulated a new constitution and elected presidents. 186 1 In April, the rebels in the south first started a war against the north. Lincoln called on the people to fight for the unification of the union. At the beginning of the civil war, because the planters in the south plotted rebellion for a long time, the Lincoln government tried to compromise and lost in the war. The capital, Washington, is threatened. In order to turn the tide, with the help of Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1862, the Lincoln administration promulgated the Homestead Act, which stipulated that American citizens could acquire 160 acres of land in the west by paying 10 dollars, and they could become their owners after five years of continuous farming. In September, the The Emancipation Proclamation was promulgated, abolishing slavery and stipulating that slaves who rebelled in various states were free men. The war situation suddenly changed. /kloc-in the summer of 0/863, the northern army turned to counterattack. 1865, the southern rebels surrendered to the northern army, and the four-year civil war ended in victory in the north. 1On the evening of April, 865, just after the Civil War, Lincoln was assassinated at Ford Theatre in Washington, April 15. Legacy1April, 865 15, abraham lincoln died at the age of 56. After Lincoln's death, his body was mourned by the masses for more than two weeks in the city of 14, and was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield on May 4th. After President Lincoln was assassinated, walt whitman wrote, "Ah, Captain! My captain yo ","Today's barracks are quiet "and other poems to express the American people's grief over President Lincoln. Lincoln led the American people to safeguard national unity, abolish slavery, remove obstacles for the development of capitalism, and promote the pace of American development to capitalism. For more than a hundred years, Lincoln has been respected by the American people. Because of Lincoln's progressive role in American history, people praised him as "a model of national rulers in the new era." One day in June, in the slave auction market in the southern American city of New Orleans, rows of black slaves stood there in shackles and handcuffs. They were all strung together by thick ropes. Slave owners came over and looked at them like mules and horses. Sometimes they will touch their arms and pat their thighs to see if they are strong and muscular and have the strength to work in the future. Slave owners whipped slaves and branded them with red-hot iron bars. At this time, several sailors from the north came over. They were all shocked by the tragic sight before them. One of the young people said angrily, "What a shame! When I have the chance one day, I must completely crush this slavery. " The young man speaking is abraham lincoln. Later, he became the president of the United States and really realized this great ambition. He has always regarded the abolition of slavery as his vocation. But this process is not smooth sailing. It is not easy to abolish slavery. Many people tried before Lincoln, but even sages like Jefferson and john brown failed. At that time, the southern slave owners were powerful and defended slavery with various arguments. Faced with these defenses, Lincoln hit the nail on the head and pointed out: Although a lot of books have been written to prove that slavery is a beautiful thing, we have never heard of anyone who wants to be a slave in order to get its benefits. At the beginning of his presidency, Lincoln tried to demand the abolition of slavery in a peaceful way to avoid national division and war. However, with the deepening of the war, Lincoln really realized that if slavery was to be abolished, it would be necessary to shed blood and sacrifice, and peaceful means could not solve any problems at all. At the critical juncture of the Civil War, Lincoln was able to comply with the demands of the broad masses of people, destroy slavery in a revolutionary way, and solve the people's demand for land, thus promoting the development of American capitalism and making important contributions to safeguarding national unity and liberating slaves. Win the civil war and safeguard national unity. 1860, Lincoln was elected president of the United States. Lincoln said, "The best thing in life is his friendship with other people." Lincoln's election posed a serious threat to the interests of southern planters. They certainly don't want a man who advocates the abolition of slavery to be president. In order to regain their long-held national leadership, they launched a rebellion before Lincoln took office. 1860 12, South Carolina was the first to declare its independence from the Federation, and then slave States such as Mississippi and Florida also left the Federation one after another. 186 1 February, they announced the establishment of the american league, elected planter Jefferson Davis as president, and formulated the Constitution, declaring that black slavery was the foundation of the Confederacy: "Black people cannot be equal to whites, and black slave labor is a natural and normal state." 1861April 12, the confederacy declared war and quickly captured the Sumter fortress where the federal government troops were stationed. Lincoln had to declare his opposition to southern operations. Lincoln himself did not advocate the abolition of slavery in a radical way. He believes that slavery can be restricted first, and then abolished gradually by peaceful means. The key is to maintain the unity of the Federation. Under the control of this idea, the northern government did not prepare for the war at all, but rushed to fight, while the south had a plan, well-equipped and well-trained army. Therefore, although the north has advantages in many aspects, it was defeated by the south, and even the capital, Washington, was almost broken by the rebels. The defeat of the north on the battlefield caused strong dissatisfaction among the broad masses of the people, and demonstrations broke out in many cities, demanding that the government take measures to reverse the war. Lincoln realized that if he wanted to win this war, he must mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, abolish slavery and liberate black slaves. 1862 In May, Lincoln signed the Homestead Law, which stipulated that every American citizen could acquire 160 acres of land in the west only by paying the registration fee of 10, and become the legal owner of this land after five years of continuous farming. This measure fundamentally eliminated the possibility of southern slave owners seizing land in the west, and at the same time met the urgent demands of the broad masses of farmers, which greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers for their heroic struggle. 1862 In September, Lincoln personally drafted the draft for the emancipation of slaves. On June 1 863 65438+1October1,The Emancipation Proclamation was officially promulgated, announcing that slavery in rebel states would be abolished from now on, and freed slaves could be called to join the federal army. Declaring the freedom of slaves fundamentally disintegrated the fighting capacity of the rebels and gave the northern army a powerful source of soldiers. During the civil war, the number of blacks who directly participated in the war reached 6.5438+0.86 million. They fought bravely, and one in three blacks gave his life for the cause of liberation. 1863 put forward the programmatic slogan of "of the people, by the people and for the people", thus making the war a mass revolutionary struggle. The Homestead Law was promulgated by President Lincoln on May 20, 1862, which enabled the actual settlers on public land to acquire land. It should be stipulated that anyone who is a parent, an American citizen aged 2 1 or above, or decides to fill in a declaration of voluntary naturalization in accordance with the provisions of the American naturalization law, and has never resisted the American government with weapons, supported or instigated the enemies of the United States, has the right to register 1/which has not been allocated to private individuals since 18668. Or after investigation, according to the legal subdivision method of public land, public land located below 80 mu that has not been allocated for private possession should be registered, with two yuan and fifty cents per mu; It should be stipulated that anyone who occupies or lives on this land can separately register the land adjacent to his original land according to the provisions of this law, and the total amount including all his original land and occupied land shall not exceed 65,438+060 acres. The Emancipation Proclamation was promulgated by President Lincoln on September 22nd, 1962. The declaration stipulates that all "slaves occupied by mankind" who participated in the rebellion in all states and regions were free at that time (referring to 1863 65438+ 10/0/-editor) and thereafter forever. "The US government, including the Lu Haijun authorities, will recognize and guarantee the freedom of these people." The promulgation of these two decrees is a turning point in the civil war, and the battlefield situation is more and more favorable to the north. 1 863 July13, the two sides fought the largest battle since the civil war in Gettysburg, north of Washington. The two sides fought fiercely for three days and nights, and the northern army hit the southern army hard, causing the southern army to lose 36 thousand people. From then on, the northern army began to enter the counterattack, and the southern army had to defend. On July 4th this year, the Union Army won another victory in Vicksburg. Vicksburg, located on the Mississippi River, is a cliff 200 feet above the water. The rebels guarding the cliff are condescending and can directly threaten the ships passing by the river with artillery fire. It is very difficult to attack this fortress from below. As early as the end of 1862, Grant, with the assistance of the navy, led troops to attack this fortress several times, but all failed. 1863 In April, Grant implemented a new attack plan, first destroying all the strongholds around the fortress, and then surrounding Vicksburg. The navy also came to help, attacking by land and water at the same time, violently shelling the fortress, and the deafening cannon sounded for 47 days. On July 4, the rebels trapped in the fortress ran out of ammunition and were forced to surrender. This time, the North Army captured 29,000 rebels. Then, the northern army quickly pursued the rebels with the autumn wind sweeping away the leaves, and captured Richmond, the rebel capital, on April 3 1865. On April 9th, robert lee, commander-in-chief of the rebels, led 28,000 down archers to surrender to Grant in Abo Mattox village. The four-year civil war ended in victory in the north. The civil war is called the second American revolution after the War of Independence. Lincoln became a symbol of black liberation. But the slave owners hated him very much. 1April, 8651On the evening of the 4th, Lincoln was assassinated by a thug who was bought by a southern slave owner while watching a play at the Ford Theater in Washington. Lincoln was an outstanding politician (and an outstanding lawyer), who made great contributions to the development of American society and was revered by the American people. In the eyes of Americans, his prestige even surpassed that of Washington. 3 honor and legacy 1. Lincoln was buried in his hometown of Springfield, Illinois. His wife and children were later buried here. So far, Illinois's motor vehicle license plate calls itself "Lincoln's Land". Historians call Washington the father of the country and Lincoln the savior of the country. In the United States, the third Monday in February every year is "President's Day" to commemorate these two great * * *. Although he had no higher education, Lincoln had excellent eloquence and literary talent, which was directly reflected in the famous Gettysburg Address. The last sentence has become one of the definitions of modern democratic government: let our country be free and eternal under the protection of God, and let this government of the people, by the people and for the people last forever. 4. 1867, the county seat of Lancaster County, Nebraska was renamed Lincoln City and became the state capital to commemorate one of the greatest presidents in American history. 5. The Lincoln Memorial in Washington 5.DC is located in national mall, which is one of the most famous memorial buildings in China. 6. Giant statues of four presidents in rushmore National Park, with Lincoln on the far right. Lincoln's assassination made the United States not fight once for more than 200 years, but at that time it offended many southern planters and slave fanatics. Booth, who assassinated Lincoln, was a slave fanatic. He and his companions finally let Lincoln die in the mourning of countless American people. Because of abraham lincoln's outstanding achievements, he was re-elected as the president of the United States on1October 8, 1864+065438. However, before Lincoln put his postwar policy into practice, tragedy happened. 1865, 14, 10, 15. On the fifth day after the surrender of the southern army, Lincoln was assassinated in Ford Theater in Washington. Joe Wilkes Booth is already sharpening his knife. Because Booth was born in a famous American drama family, his superb acting skills have always been sought after by female opera fans. But the Booth people are worried about the country and the people, and he is also unambiguous in his political views. He is a staunch supporter of the Confederacy. During the Civil War, Booth conspired with a group of people, including his childhood friends Mitchell O 'Flynn and Sam Arnold. George Azrod, a carriage manufacturer in Maryland; 23-year-old drugstore employee David herold; Louis Powell, a former Confederate soldier, and John Salat, who had provided information to the rebels. The organization once planned to kidnap Lincoln in an apartment in Washington in exchange for captured soldiers in the south, but these plans, like many other plots, ended in vain. Two or three days before Lincoln was assassinated, Booth was as drunk as a fiddler almost every day. His former conspiracy organization has been fragmented, leaving only Paine, herold and Azrod. At noon on April 14, he went to Ford Theatre to get the mail. He came across a poster saying that Lincoln and Grant would attend the evening program. Booth was ecstatic and immediately called his friends to carry out their final plan: Azrod assassinated Vice President Johnson, Paine and herold assassinated Seward, the recovering Secretary of State, and Booth assassinated the President himself. After Lincoln's assassination, Booth has been fleeing to the south, but because the government launched a nationwide search, Booth was found in a locked pigsty and finally killed by an outsider's gun. In the decades after his death, many people claimed to be the real Booth, and another person claimed to be Booth twice every few decades, because these people all wanted to be famous. These things can reflect Lincoln's position in the eyes of Americans. Lincoln and Freemasonry, there is another saying about Lincoln's assassination: 53 of the 56 presidents in the United States are freemasons, and neither Lincoln nor Kennedy are freemasons, so the freemasons have planned a conspiracy for decades. Both men were assassinated on Friday.

Both were shot in the head.

The killers in both cases were southerners.

Both presidential heirs are southerners, and their names are Johnson.

Lincoln's successor, andrew johnson, was born in 1808.

Lyndon B. Johnson, who succeeded Kennedy, was born in 1908.

John Wilkes Booth, the murderer of Lincoln, was born in 1839.

Lee Harvey Oswald, the murderer of Kennedy, was born in 1939.

Lincoln's assassin ran out of a theater and was caught in a warehouse.

Kennedy's assassin ran out of a warehouse and was caught in a theater.

Two murderers were killed before the trial began. Things didn't go well: Azrod got drunk and chickened out and didn't try to kill Johnson at all. Paine and herold are going well. They came to seward's house, and Herod drove a carriage to meet them. Paine went directly to Seward's house, and he took a pack of medicine, which was also planned long ago. Seward's son told Payne that his father was sleeping and could not take medicine. But Paine insisted on sending medicine in. Seward Jr. found this man unreasonable and ordered him to leave immediately. Afraid of being caught, Payne immediately took out a pistol and aimed it at Seward's head. Unfortunately, the bullet somehow went blind. Paine quickly clenched his gun and bashed Seward Jr.' s head with the butt of his gun. Poor little Seward's skull was broken. Sweeping the obstacles outside the door, Payne drew a big knife from the parcel and rushed into seward's dark bedroom. Only then did he find seward's daughter and a male nurse in the bedroom. Genial smile that male nurses immediately jumped up and rushed to Payne, Payne slashed his forehead with a broadsword, while seward's daughter was stunned by Payne. Paine rushed to Seward's bedside and stabbed the Secretary of State with a knife. At this time, Seward's other son heard the noise and rushed in, only to be scratched on his forehead by Payne with a murder weapon and cut his hand. Parn didn't think this place should stay too long, so he quickly left the bedroom and jumped down the stairs. On the stairs, he met an unlucky messenger from the State Council. Paine was idle and cut off the messenger again. Until he fled to the front door, Paine kept screaming: "I'm crazy! I am crazy! " Incredibly, all the people attacked by Paine finally recovered, and Seward continued to serve as his secretary of state during President Johnson's term after Lincoln's death.