Looking back on the Anshi Rebellion, people pay attention to the great achievements of Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi and Bu Guhuai. Behind An Lushan's lair in Yingzhou, Northeast China, there are a group of people who are patient for the Tang Dynasty. They used to be An Lushan's men, belonging to Pinglu Army. After the Anshi Rebellion, they remained loyal to the Tang Dynasty. Isolated from the Central Plains and surrounded by rebels of different nationalities, they fought against the rebels many times. They persisted for six years and finally crossed the sea to Shandong Peninsula. In the past six years, Liu, Wang Xuanzhi and Hou have all served as our envoys in Pinglu. According to authoritative historical records such as Old Tang Shu, New Tang Shu, Zi Tong Zhi Jian and Ci Fu Yuan Gui, Liu was poisoned by Wang Xuanzhi. But it seems illogical that both Liu and Wang are generals loyal to the Tang Dynasty. There are different records in the ancient Japanese history book "Continued Japanese History" and the ancient Korean history book "Bohai Examination". Although it can't be said that it overthrew the official records, it also provided other information for future generations to understand this mystery. An Lushan rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, and he couldn't take the town of 183,000. In the late Tianbao period of Tang Jun, An Lushan appointed Fan Yang, Pinglu and Hedong as our time, and supported 180,000 soldiers. At the same time, An Lushan is a general in title of generals in ancient times, the king of Dongping County, the satrap of Yunzhong, the satrap of Liucheng and the servant of Shangshu. He was given five free stables, one palace and a herd of cattle in Longyou. He is really more than one person. So, in the 14th year of Tianbao, when An Lushan took out a forged imperial edict and said that he would kill Yang's side, the generals of the three towns did not come forward to express their opposition. After all, there is no way to verify the authenticity. But when An Lushan crossed the Yellow River for more than a month, conquered Chenliu and Xingyang, and advanced into Luoyang, everyone realized what kind of event this was, and everyone had to choose their own position. At that time, An Lushan appointed Jia Xun as the guard base for john young vacation. Jia Xun was a general who fought for the Tang Dynasty for many years. He defeated Tubo in Shu and made great achievements under Zhang Shousheng and An Lushan in Hebei. He was one of the senior generals in Hebei at that time. Yan Zhenqing and Yan Gaoqing, brothers loyal to the Tang Dynasty, were both officials in Hebei, secretly contacting people from all walks of life and making troubles for An Lushan behind their backs. One of the contacts was Jia Xun, who said, "Although Lushan Mountain is trapped in Luo, it will be destroyed." . If public officials can't do things, they will punish Runke and Niuting and uproot them. Lushan mountain can't enter the customs, but if you sit down and catch it, the world will be settled. "("Old Tang Book ") The situation at that time was indeed as Yan Gaoqing's emissary said. Although An Lushan occupied Luoyang, there is a natural barrier in front of it. Once john young's lair is lost, the rebels will become passive water, and its demise is inevitable. Although Jia Xun agreed with this, he hesitated and did not act. Another general left by An Lushan, Xiang Runke (Niu Runke), was Jia Xun's deputy. When he learned about it, he tipped off An Lushan and An Lushan sent someone back to john young. An excuse to discuss things with Jia Xun, "Bow string kills a strong man. "At this time, Yan Zhenqing and Yan Gaoqing have been recruiting, and once again erected the banner of Datang, and An Lushan ordered Shi Siming and others to suppress it. Shi Siming not only reoccupied Hebei, but also fought with Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi, who moved eastward from Shanxi, and the rear of the rebel army was restored. (For the tooth of Zhang Suiyang, for the tongue of Yan Changshan) At that time, An Lushan appointed Lu Zhihui, our envoy to Pinglu, and killed some generals loyal to the Tang Dynasty. Other generals secretly contacted, led by Liu, killed Lu Zhihui and contacted Wang Xuanzhi, who was guarding Liaodong. They echoed each other from a distance and sent messengers flying horses to fight Chang 'an. In April of the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Liu was awarded the post of Pinglu our time and Liucheng County satrap, and Wang Xuanzhi was also appointed as Deputy lord protector of Anton. At this time, although An Lushan has proclaimed himself Luoyang, Tongguan natural barrier is guarded by Geshuhan, and Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi have gradually gained the upper hand in fighting against Shi Siming, Hebei. Zhang Xun in the southwest and southeast stabilized the situation, and Liu and others in Pinglu in the northeast blocked the last passage of the rebels. The rebels are surrounded by strategy and the situation is very good. Tongguan was a natural barrier, but it was not just China steamed stuffed bun. ) Pinglu army almost captured the lair of Anshi Rebellion, but Liu's death became a mystery. The strategic encirclement was opened by Li Longji. Li Longji forced Ge Hanshu to attack and the rebels were defeated. Tongguan fell, and the most critical point of the strategic encirclement was opened. Later, Li Longji fled to the middle of Shu, Ma Weiyi defected, Tang Suzong succeeded to the throne in Lingwu, and Guo Ziyi and Li Guangbi were called to Lingwu. So, in the Hebei lair of the Anshi Rebellion, only a regular Tang Jun was left in the Ping Army, and Liu led the Ping Army to "attack, fight Dushan, attack, attack Peiping, kill thieves, kill Shen Zigong, kill Rong Xianqin, capture and send them to the capital" (Old Tang Book). During this period, the Pinglu army had a brilliant record, and King A Dugu also joined forces with Liu to send 10,000 cavalry to attack. Even if people finally chose the Anshi Rebellion and attacked Pinglu Army in the middle of the night, they were defeated by Liu Li in Wenquan Mountain, and the leader Abu Li was captured and killed the flag. Liu's Pinglu army breached Yuyang, which was very close. Shi Siming, who lost his repression, went north to fight Liu, and Liu Qu lost Fan Yang. Liu did not keep it, abandoned the army to protect Peiping, and his wife and children were separated, and his military assets were exhausted. " (Book of Old Tang Dynasty) As the No.2 Rebel Army, Shi Siming is also known as Anshi, not only the deputy of Anshi, but also its military capability should not be underestimated. Liu was not wronged by Shi Siming. After the defeat, the Pinglu army had civil strife and Liu was killed. His deputy, Xu Guidao, succeeded Pinglu as our special envoy and joined the rebels in An Lushan. Later, Wang Xuanzhi, Hou and others killed Xu Guidao, and Wang Xuanzhi appointed Pinglu as our time. ""I ran home and was killed by Wang Xuanzhi. The traitor Xu returned to Pinglu Festival and died with Wang Xuanzhi, Pinglu Hou and others. (Old Tang Book) (Liu) copied it, was defeated by Shi Siming, ran back, and was killed by Xuanzhi. " ("The Book of the New Tang Dynasty") "Liu was defeated by Pinglu in our time, and Anton protected Wang Xuanzhi and killed him. Lushan took his party Xu Guidao as Pinglu ambassador, and Xuanzhifu and Pinglu attacked and killed Hou Yi Xi. " (Zi Zhi Tong Jian) Three official books all say that Wang Xuanzhi killed Liu. However, it was recorded in the Japanese history book Continued Japanese History at that time that in the afternoon of December (the fifteenth year of Tianbao, the first year of Zhide), Xu Gui returned to Beiping and sneaked into Lushan Mountain. Shi Siming, our envoy from Youzhou, wanted to beat the emperor, and Anton defended Wang Xuanzhi. More than 6,000 handsome soldiers broke Liucheng and beheaded Xu Gui, claiming to know the festival of Pinglu, and entered Beiping Town. "North Korea's ancient history book" Bohai Test "also records that" in the afternoon of December, when (Xu) returned to Beiping Daoguo, he secretly made Shi Siming plot against the Tang Dynasty with Lushan Youzhou. Anton defended Wang Zhixuan, led more than 6,000 troops, and defeated Liucheng, calling himself Pinglu Festival, and entered Peiping. "These two statements are almost the same. It is estimated that the historical materials come from the same source, which were all reported to the Japanese king at that time after the Japanese army sent Bohai to keep Onota at home. Kyoto, Japan, which was built in imitation of the Tang Dynasty, had a lot of contacts with East Asian countries at that time. Both Liu and Wang Xuanzhi were loyal to the Tang Dynasty. If the official records are true, it can only be said that Liu's thoughts changed after the defeat, and he had the idea of surrendering to the rebels before being killed by Wang Xuanzhi. However, after the rebellion, Liu was posthumously awarded as the minister of the Ministry of Industry, so it is illogical for Liu to be killed for preparing to rebel against the Tang Dynasty. If Wang Xuanzhi killed Liu for power struggle, it cannot be explained that a group of generals under Liu can obey Wang Xuanzhi. Including Li, He and Hou, all of whom were later independent regions. Although Li was executed for rebelling against the Tang Dynasty, Liu was a general who repeatedly made meritorious military service and was loyal to the Tang Dynasty in the Anshi Rebellion. Therefore, it is more logical to record that Liu was poisoned by Xu Huaidao who rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, and that Wang Xuan killed Xu Huaidao to avenge Liu. After six years of Pingjun's persistence, Wang Xuanzhi, who lived in seclusion in the capital, took over Pinglu and continued to fight the rebels. " Wang Xuanzhi, an ancient scholar, pacified the secluded capital of Lu Wu (New Tang Book). Five Laws, namely Medical Five Laws Mountain, is now a famous mountain in Beining, Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province. Youzhou is the seat of Governor john young. It shows that Wang Xuan also made great contributions in the process of counterinsurgency. In the first month of the second year of Germany, (Wang) declared that (Li) loyal ministers would take Yongnu's 3,000 soldiers to cross the sea as a reed. The thief refused to go to court, Wu Chengjia, and the loyal minister Dong retired. They fought in tired days and collected Lucheng, Hejian and Jingcheng. And got a lot of money to go to our army. Later, General Tian led his troops to the plain and Le 'an County, where he captured the false secretariat of Zangyu. The invitation to protect the river made Li Xi take loyal officials as the secretariat of Texas. "(Old Tang Book) During this period, Pinglu Army not only held Yingzhou, but also constantly crossed the sea to attack the rebel core area. In addition, the existence of the Pinglu army completely suppressed the participation of countries such as Qidan and Bohai in the northeast in the rebels. Only the Xi nationality is located in the south of the Pinglu Army, sending100000 troops to join the rebels. (Ping Lujun was an official watch at that time, and the net map was not compiled by himself.) Later, Wang Xuanzhi died of illness, and his subordinate generals killed Wang Xuanzhi's son and elected Hou to take over, which was accepted by the court. This is the beginning of our era being abolished by subordinate soldiers in the Tang Dynasty. Hou also continue to stick to it "with the thief is true, there are several credit. However, he was alone and was plundered by Xi, but he pulled out 20 thousand troops and drifted to Qingzhou, according to which Pinglu fell. " ("New Tang Book") Pinglu Army was blocked from the Central Plains passage, and there was nothing to do. After several years of persistence, Pinglu fell, and there was no soldier in the northeast of the Tang Dynasty. The rise of Khitan and Bohai Sea has set off the prelude to the next great era. Pinglu Army in Anshi Rebellion was only a small branch in the whole counter-insurgency process, and Liu's death was not a significant event with far-reaching influence. However, through this process, we know that history is not only the stage for several famous ministers, such as Guo Ziyi. These "little people" are equally important, perhaps not so dazzling, but equally heavy and profound. Interpret history with mathematical and engineering thinking modes in an attempt to compare the past with the present. Science and engineering men study history, welcome to pay attention to the discussion.