It is mentioned in the introduction of "Northern War" that Russia and Sweden began to compete for the control of ports along the Baltic Sea from the middle of16th century, until an emperor of Sweden ascended the throne, and he became the autocratic monarch in Swedish history, that is, Charlie 12, and declared war on the Russians openly. He publicly stated that he would fight for the sovereignty of the Baltic Sea and drive the Russians out of the western European continent completely.
1700, Denmark and Sweden formally joined forces and launched a war in northern Russia in summer. The armies of the two countries joined forces near St. Petersburg, and the Russian army broke through the defense lines of the two countries in three months. The Russian army pursued victory and established a war base in St. Petersburg as a follow-up supplement.
It is mentioned in the introduction of "Northern War" that in 1708, Russia established a colony near Bandel as a breakthrough to further open the European defense line, but at this time, the main Russian army was blocked by the Swedes on the Prut River, so Peter the Great sent 200,000 troops to support the eastern front battlefield, and finally successfully destroyed a joint force of Sweden and Denmark along the Black Sea coast, which greatly boosted morale. Since then, the Russians are unstoppable, and in 1765438.
The two sides of the Northern War
The Great Northern Campaign refers to Russia and Sweden, which were at loggerheads long before the Great Northern Campaign broke out. 1700, in order to compete for the seaport and important port cities along the Baltic Sea, the two countries waged a protracted war for maritime hegemony, and both sides paid a painful price in the Battle of Dabei. Later, Sweden's list of European powers completely disappeared, and Russia became a new generation of European Baltic hegemon.
Before the Great Northern Battle, both sides made great preparations for the Great Northern Battle. Sweden formed the Baltic Empire Alliance, and Germany formed a well-trained army represented by Peter the Great. Both countries have invested a lot of manpower and material resources in this war. In the next 30 years' war, Sweden also gained a large territory, and all the tax revenue of these large territories was used for military expenditure in the Great Northern War. The military strength of the two sides in the Great Northern Battle was similar before the war, especially after Carl XII of Sweden became the new king of Sweden, Peter the Great ascended the throne and started the first overseas hegemony war.
But in the end, both sides of the Great Northern Campaign were affected. Russia lost nearly ten thousand people in this war, and Sweden lost nearly thirty thousand people in this war. But at this time, Russia's total strength reached twice that of Sweden. And after the war, Russia successfully United France, Germany and other traditional European powers, making them form an anti-Swiss alliance and opposing Sweden's big moves on the international stage until King Charles 12 of Sweden was ousted from the Swedish throne.
The result of the Great Northern Battle was remarkable. After the war, Russia gained most of the important ports and superior resources in the Baltic Sea, while Sweden completely disappeared from the list of strong countries in Europe and completely withdrew from the historical stage in Europe. The balance of the war is completely biased towards the Russian side.
As early as before the end of the Great Northern War, European professional historians had predicted the outcome of the Great Northern War, because Russia had completely occupied the important cities along the Baltic Sea in the later period of the Great Northern War, and an important trading city, St. Petersburg, was established at the junction of the two countries. St. Petersburg played an important role in the Great Northern Campaign, becoming a transit station and transportation supply station for Russia and the first barrier for the Swedes to attack Russia.
The result of the Great Northern Battle is very important to the whole European history. This battle has profoundly changed the strength contrast between Russia and Sweden. Russia has become a new generation of European hegemons, and Sweden has completely disappeared from the list of European powers. The Great Northern Battle also involved the Turkish Empire and the Persian Empire. The Ottoman Turkish Empire and the Persian Empire consumed a lot of manpower and material resources in this war, and finally did not get any benefits. On the contrary, Russia became the actual ruler of the Baltic Sea. Before the Northern Campaign, Sweden formed the Baltic Empire, but after the Northern Campaign, the Baltic Empire collapsed, and the alliance of the Ottoman Turkish Empire in Sweden also collapsed. Not only the Baltic Sea coast, but also some ports along the Black Sea coast have become Russian-ruled areas, which laid the foundation for the rapid development of Russians in the second industrial revolution and made great progress in Russia's foreign trade.
The influence of the Northern War
The Great Northern War had different effects on the warring sides. For the victorious countries, the Great Northern War made all countries gain huge wealth and profits in this war, and ruled the Baltic coast, becoming the new actual ruler and maritime power in Europe, while Sweden was different. After this war, Sweden declined and completely disappeared from the list of European powers. From then on, it can no longer exert much influence in the historical development of Europe.
The Great Northern Battle had a far-reaching impact. Although the Great Northern Battle lasted only 2 1 year, it changed the political structure of Europe in the next two centuries. Before the Great Northern Campaign, the political pattern in Europe was distributed along the Baltic Sea. After the Great Northern War, Russia also joined the ranks of European powers, so the political center of Europe moved westward as a whole, which was a crucial turning point in the historical process of Europe as a whole. Before the Great Northern War, the Ottoman Turkish Empire and Sweden were always in the same boat, and the two countries established the Baltic Union. However, after the Great Northern War, the alliance broke down, which caused the Turkish Empire and Sweden to suffer a serious economic blow and completely lost the port advantage of foreign trade and the sea power of the Baltic Sea. It turned out that the Great Northern War also directly contributed to the establishment of the anti-Swiss alliance, because at the end of the Great Northern War, Peter the Great became the actual ruler of Russia. He thought that the politics of western Europe was mainly played by several traditional powers, so he formed an anti-Swiss alliance with several traditional European powers and opposed Sweden's actions on the international stage, which dealt a great blow to Swedish politics.