Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau was founded by Zeng Guofan and Li Hongzhang in Tongzhi four years (1865). This year, Li Hongzhang first bought an iron factory from an American businessman, and then merged the Shanghai Artillery Bureau and the Suzhou Artillery Bureau hosted by Han Dianjia into the factory to establish the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau. At the same time, it was agreed with Zeng Guofan that Yung Wing went to the United States to buy "machine-made machines" and shipped them to Shanghai. In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), Zeng Guofan authorized him to set up a shipyard at 10% of the tariff of Hehaitong, and moved the site from Hongkou to Gaochang Temple, further expanding the scale. The new site of Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau covers an area of more than 70 mu (later expanded to more than 400 mu). Besides steam furnaces, machines, wrought iron, carpentry, casting, guns, rockets and shipbuilding, there are also docks, office buildings and translation halls. Since then, the scale has been further expanded, and gun factories, gun factories, bullet factories, artillery shells factories, various fire factories, mines and steel mills have been added one after another, becoming the largest and best-equipped comprehensive military factory at that time.