2. The development of fishing nets Ancient people used coarse cloth and hemp as raw materials to make fishing nets by binding. Although this kind of fishing net is rotten and tough, its fishing efficiency has been greatly improved. With the development of fishery, the object of fishing and hunting is not only fish, but also fishing tools keep pace with the times. Modern fishing nets are mainly made of polyethylene, nylon and other raw materials. The service life is longer, the fishing efficiency is higher, and it can be classified according to different use modes. For example, traditional fishing nets (hand nets, hand nets), trawls powered by ships, gill nets (triple nets, purse seines) with different meshes used to catch trapped fish, etc. These nets are woven with different mesh sizes and different materials according to different fishing objects. At the same time, with the development of fishing nets, various fishing tools came into being, such as fishing net cages and four-corner nets, which are commonly used fishing tools.
3. Seeking the development history of fishing gear As early as the Paleolithic Age, humans used natural branches and thorns, antlers, pig teeth and stones to make primitive fishing gear and preyed on fish and shellfish in rivers and lakes. More than 6,000 years ago, bone harpoons, hooks, harpoon heads and fish darts appeared in fishing gear shops in China. Copper hooks appeared more than 3000 years ago. The hieroglyphics of fishing with rods and nets in ancient Oracle Bone Inscriptions: It is recorded under the connection of Yijing that "the tether is useless, so rent it to fish". In Tang Dynasty, Lu Guimeng described and distinguished fishing gear and fishing method in detail in Preface to Fishing Gear Poetry. Fishing method, a popular fishing gear, appeared and developed in recent two or three hundred years, such as long gill net and purse seine, bag trawl and fixed net, and various forms of fishing gear. They all developed from small and simple to large and complex, extending from coastal operations to deep-sea ocean operations. Fishing gear materials have also been replaced by synthetic fibers and plastics. Since 1950s, the world fishing gear has been gradually modernized.
Fishing gear can be divided into four types according to its structural characteristics and working principle.
① net gear
Aquatic products caught with nets account for more than 80% of the total catch in the world. The net consists of net, rope, float and sinker. According to the different fishing objects and working methods, fishing gear can be divided into nine categories: gill net, purse seine, trawl, open net, large net, laying net, copying net, cover net and trap.
② Fishing gear
It usually consists of hooks, baits and fishing lines. Some are equipped with floats, sinkers, fishing rods or other accessories. A fishhook is a part that is tied to a fishing line and plays the role of a hook. There are two kinds of inverted tooth structure and non-inverted tooth structure. The choice of bait is often the key to the success or failure of fishing, which can be divided into real bait and simulated bait. True bait can be divided into animal bait and plant bait according to different sources. Marine fishing generally uses animal bait such as fish, cephalopods and crustaceans; Earthworms and insects are mainly used for freshwater. Plant bait is used to trap freshwater fish, mainly rice, wheat, sweet potato and other products. The bait is made of feathers, cloth, rubber, wood, metal and plastic. Disguised as the favorite animal bait of the fishing object, or made into other bait enough to satisfy the predation reaction of fish.
(3) rake and thorns
Fishing gear with rake, thorn and other properties. The former rakes up with sharp claws and catches potential catches at the bottom of sediments; The latter includes fish darts, gun saws, long-handled hooks, empty hooks and other projectors. When working, they aim at the captured object and shoot it into the body to capture it, or capture it with the spikes of empty hooks.
④ Cages and kettles
Taking advantage of the habit that some fishing objects like to dig holes, cages, cans and conch shells with small holes are set up in the waters where they often inhabit and stay to lure them to sneak in and catch them. Such as eel cages, shrimp cages and conch cages.
4. The history of Japanese fishery development is Japan's fishery development and its policy orientation. 1. Japan's "265438+ New Agricultural Policy (including Fisheries) Strategy" In early 2006, after Nakagawa Shoichi (hereinafter referred to as "Nakagawa") became Japan's Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, under the guidance of "Global Strategy" planned by Koizumi * *, he formulated and launched "265438+". .
Its main purpose is to formulate and implement policies and measures that are in line with international economic development and domestic population decline and aging; The central idea is to formulate internationalization strategy, strengthen domestic agricultural (including fishery) system and improve food quality. Regarding the fishery development strategy in this strategy, Nakagawa recently accepted an interview with the president of the newspaper Aquatic Economic News.
Give an authoritative explanation: 1. The orientation of fishery policies such as fishery structure reform in the future is mainly: to carry out fishery structure reform on the premise of resource management and environmental protection; Cultivate key talents in fisheries and build an internationally competitive fishery management institution; Producers and consumers work together to promote the rational development of circulation and sales; Make full use of WTO (International Trade Organization) and FTA (Free Trade Agreement) platforms to promote the development of aquatic products trade. 1998, the self-sufficiency rate of edible aquatic products in Japan was 56%, which decreased to 50% in 2004.
In the past, Japan's marine catch once ranked first in the world. In recent years, due to the influence of the management system of the 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone of the International Convention on the Law of the Sea and the deterioration of marine resources, the marine catch has been declining continuously, reaching 4.46 million tons in 2004, which is 32.3% lower than that of 1994. However, Nakagawa believes that Japan has world-class high-tech aquatic products and the sixth largest exclusive economic zone in the world. Relying on the vast sea area and superb technology, Japan's fishery has great potential for development.
Nakagawa also stressed that Japan's own food is aquatic products except rice and sweet potatoes, and ensuring the healthy development of fisheries is very important to the livelihood of the Japanese people. However, marine fishery resources are a natural biological chain, which is greatly influenced by the natural environment. In the past, Hokkaido harvested herring every year, as much as "cats ignore"; But at present, herring and sardines have become rare and noble aquatic products.
Therefore, protecting the marine environment, strengthening resource management and ensuring the healthy development of fisheries are the primary issues. 2. With regard to the current priorities, Japan has taken a series of measures to solve the current problems such as high fuel prices and large jellyfish disasters.
At present, the focus of work should be based on the international and domestic fishery situation, concentrate on revising the relevant measures to achieve the objectives of the Basic Plan, fully tap the potential of fishery production, give play to the high-tech advantages of aquatic products, strive to improve the self-sufficiency rate of domestic aquatic products, and at the same time expand exports to promote the healthy development of aquatic products trade; We should attach importance to cultivating a group of backbone forces committed to fishery development and build an internationally competitive fishery management institution. 3. About building high-quality brands Since April 1 this year, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has launched the "regional product trademark registration system".
At present, the "bamboo pod fish" and "mackerel" in Oita Prefecture, and the "spring fish" in Hokkaido and Nauzin have applied for trademark registration. Local producers, organizations and processing enterprises should strive to develop high-quality brand-name products.
Fishery management should also work with supermarkets and convenience stores to develop attractive brands with high added value and welcomed by consumers. 4. Regarding the negotiation of WTO free trade agreement and the export trade of aquatic products, we should adopt the strategy of "what can be maintained, what can be compromised and what can be won" to strategically respond to the international situation; We should have a sense of urgency, adjust and reform the fishery structure as soon as possible, and create an internationally competitive fishery management institution.
In the export trade of aquatic products, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries has formulated and launched the "Five-year Action Plan for Doubling the Export of Agricultural, Forestry and Aquatic Products" focusing on promoting the export of aquatic products, and specially formulated a strategic plan to promote the export of agricultural, forestry and aquatic products by promoting the export of scallops, salmon and cod. II. Implementation of the Current Basic Plan In June of 20001,Japan * * * promulgated and implemented the Basic Law of Fisheries, which was called the Japanese Fisheries Law, and made it clear that it was necessary to formulate the Basic Plan.
On this basis, the Basic Plan was promulgated and implemented in March, 2002, which established the fishery development goals and the basic principles of aquatic product management from 2002 to 20 12. The current "Basic Plan" has determined the fishery development goal in the period of 10, in which the self-sufficiency rate of edible aquatic products will be increased to 65% ~ 66% in 20 12; However, since 2000, the self-sufficiency rate has been declining, reaching 57% in 2003, 55% in 2004 and 565,438+0% in 2065. The target output of fish and shellfish in 20 12 is 6.82 million tons, but the output of fish and shellfish has been declining for many years, reaching 5.78 million tons in 2004, which is 5. 1% lower than that in 2003. The expected output in 20 12 is only 5.68 million tons. The target output of edible fish and shellfish is 5.26 million t, although the downward trend of raw material output has eased in recent years, the predicted output is only 4.34 million t; The target value of seaweed production is 670,000 t. In recent years, due to the change of the yield of laver, its yield fluctuates greatly and generally shows a downward trend. The expected output is expected to be 650,000 t, which is close to the target value. The target output of offshore fishery is 790,000 t, but the predicted output is only 7 1 10,000 t, mainly because the output of overseas fishing grounds has been decreasing continuously in recent years, especially the output of near-bottom trawl and squid fishing. The target output of offshore fishery is 3.24 million t, but the production of large and medium-sized purse seine fishery has been greatly reduced due to the deterioration of sardines, mackerel and other resources, and the estimated output is only 2.73 million t; The target output of coastal fishery (excluding algae) is 6.5438+0.7 million t, but in recent two years, due to the deterioration of bottom fish resources, the output of salmon net fishery has increased slightly, but it still shows a downward trend, and the estimated output is about 654.38+0.4 1 10,000 t; The target output of mariculture (excluding algae) is 780,000 t, all of which are fish culture output in recent years.
5. How did Sanyu Net develop? Now more people in the industry pay attention to it, which is actually at a relatively high point, so it is easy to encounter bottlenecks.
However, most industries have not yet reached the bottleneck period, especially the relatively basic industries, such as service industry, food and medicine. And industries with demand, no matter how they change, have markets. Now many practitioners really feel hard. Actually, all industries are saturated. How to grow and develop in adversity depends mainly on our own strength and constantly strengthen ourselves in service, management and content. With a solid foundation, they are not afraid of competition and comparison, so no matter what industry, they can go upstream.
Of course, the more popular industries now pay more attention to design and service industries, attach importance to experience, care about customer feelings and spread word of mouth. Many design industries have sprung up, personalized goods are more popular, and there are traditional handicrafts.
If you have certain skills, you will be more popular in the market competition. After all, with the development of network technology, people can have more choices, which is naturally a good thing.
6. The history of Japan's fishery development is the present situation of Japan's fishery development (I) The evolution of Japan's fishery development Japan is one of the most developed countries in the world and attaches great importance to fisheries.
Affected by the Kuroshio warm current, Japanese fishing grounds have become one of the three largest fishing grounds in the world, with abundant fish resources. Aquatic products play an important role in Japanese diet, and fish is an indispensable food in all Japanese diets, accounting for more than 40% of Japanese per capita animal protein intake.
Since the 1960s, Japan's fishery production has greatly increased, especially in offshore fishing. However, with the implementation of the 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone system and the oil crisis in 1973, the offshore fishery was hit hard. From 1970s to 1980s, offshore fishery began to develop and gradually became the focus of Japanese fishery.
In recent years, Japan has vigorously developed aquaculture, but the fishery output is still gradually decreasing. Japan's fishery output reached the highest value in 1984/2.82 million t.
Due to the decline of resources and the aging of employees, the fishery output began to decrease from 1989, and by 2002, the total fishery output decreased to 5.88 million t, and the total fishery output value was1875.3 billion yen. In 2004, the total output was 5.78 million t, and the total output value was 65.438+060.36 billion yen. In 2005, the total fishery output dropped to 57 1999, the lowest since 1999, and the fishery output was1600.7 billion yen, down 2.9 billion yen from the previous year.
During the 30 years from 1960 to 1990, Japan's aquatic products imports increased by about 36 times. According to FAO statistics, in 2003, the top five global aquatic products imports were Japanese 32 1 10,000 t, China 2.32 million t, USA 2.24 million t, Spain 16 1 10,000 t, and Denmark 160,000 t; The top five export volumes are Norwegian 21.4000 t, China 2.08 million t, Peru1.7200 t, Thailand1.4000 t and the United States1.3600 t (Japanese 36000 t, ranking 24th).
In 2003, the top five countries in the world were Japan's US$ 654.38 +02.624 billion, the US$ 654.38+75.8 million, Spain's US$ 49.65438+90 billion, France's US$ 3.803 billion and Italy's US$ 3.5765438 billion+0 billion. The top five countries in terms of export volume are China's US$ 5.362 billion, Thailand's US$ 3.92 billion, Norway's US$ 3.669 billion, the US$ 3.458 billion and Canada's US$ 33. 18 billion (Japan ranks 22nd with US$ 952 million).
(2) Current situation of Japanese fishery 1. Fishery and Aquaculture Japanese customarily divide fishery production into marine fishing (including inshore fishing, inshore fishing and coastal fishing, which is actually roughly equivalent to marine fishing and inshore fishing in China's fishery division), mariculture, freshwater aquaculture and freshwater fishing. Marine fishing has always been the leading industry of Japanese fisheries. Although the output is decreasing, more than 80% of the output still comes from marine fishing.
According to the output, the main fishing species are tuna, bonito, salmon and trout, sardines, mackerel, saury, cod, flounder and squid. Compared with 2004, the output of Japanese mackerel increased significantly in 2005, but the output of sardines, scallops and salmon decreased. The output of scallop and salmon increased, but the output of bonito, saury and tuna decreased.
The total output of marine fishing was 441.2000 t, a decrease of 47,000 t over the previous year; The total production was 65.438+0594 billion yen, down 0.6% from the previous year. In recent years, the output of mariculture in Japan has remained above 1.2000 t, and the total output of mariculture in 2005 was1.21.0000 t, which was lower than the highest year 1.994. In 2005, the total output value of mariculture was 439.2 billion yen, an increase of 4.9 billion yen over the previous year.
Among them, fish farming was 269,000 t (up by 2.7% over the previous year) and1.91.800 million yen (down by 2.4% over the previous year); Shellfish culture was 422,000 t (down 6.4% from the previous year) and 7765438+ billion yen (up 6.4% from the previous year); 509,000 tons of algae (up by 5.2% over the previous year) and1.21.300 million yen (up by 2.4% over the previous year). The main species of mariculture are bonito, red snapper, scallop, oyster, kelp, Undaria pinnatifida, laver, flounder, river crab, true bamboo pod fish, prawn and mother-of-pearl.
In 2005, the total output of freshwater fisheries and aquaculture in Japan was 96000t, less than half of the peak output 1979. Among them, freshwater fishing output was 54,000 t, freshwater aquaculture output was 42,000 t, and the total output value was 1.02 1 billion yen, a decrease of 654,380+300 million yen over the previous year.
The main species of freshwater fishing are salmon and trout, fragrant fish, carp, Corbicula fluminea, eel and so on. The main varieties of freshwater aquaculture are trout, fragrant fish, carp, eel, crucian carp, turtle and so on. The yield of a single variety is usually below 1000 tons. 2. Processing and consumption of aquatic products Japanese aquatic products mainly include salt, dried products, fish condiments, frozen foods, oils and fertilizers, frozen fresh products and canned products.
In 2005, the total amount of food processing was 2.095 million tons, 39,000 tons less than the previous year. The processing capacity of main products is 209,000 tons of salt, 334,000 tons of dried products, 655,000 tons of fish flavor seasoning, 286,000 tons of frozen food, 6.5438+0.625 million tons of frozen fresh products and 484,000 tons of other edible processed products.
Compared with the previous year, the processing volume of dry products increased slightly in 2005, while the processing volume of frozen food, salt set, seasoning food and other products decreased to varying degrees. Japan is a big consumer of aquatic products. In 2004, the domestic consumption of aquatic products was 6.5438+0.048 million tons, down 5% from the previous year.
Among them, the consumption of edible aquatic products accounts for 80%, which is equivalent to 62.7 kilograms per person per year. If the inedible parts are removed, each person consumes about 34.5kg per year.
In 2004, the self-sufficiency rate of edible aquatic products in Japan was 55%, which was lower than 57% in 2003. The main reason is the decline in domestic fishery production and the increase in imports. According to statistics, the algae self-sufficiency rate was 65% in 20O5.
3. Circulation and Market of Aquatic Products There are 203 fishing ports in Japan, with a total water intake of about 2.887 million tons in 2005, roughly equivalent to the previous year; The total water intake was 525.5 billion yen, a decrease of about 4% over the previous year. There are 6 fishing ports, with water inflow of 6.5438+100000 t, burning Tianjin of 229000 t, arrow of 265438+5000t, Shiguan158000 t, Baju149000 t and Kushiro/kloc-0.
At present, there are about 900 origin markets in Japan, and the circulation and amount are decreasing. In view of the fact that the turnover of small-scale market is too small to play the market function, Japan decided and announced the relevant policies on the market integration and management rationalization of aquatic products producing areas in March 20001.
7. How were ancient fishing nets made? The material and compilation of ancient fishing nets are as follows: 1. Material of ancient fishing nets: Ancient people used coarse cloth and hemp as raw materials to make fishing nets by binding.
Although this kind of fishing net is rotten and tough, its fishing efficiency has been greatly improved. With the development of fishery, the object of fishing and hunting is not only fish, but also fishing tools keep pace with the times.
2. The knotting method of ancient fishing nets: it is a traditional method to make fishing nets. Fishing nets are made of warp and weft in shuttles. The size of the nodule is four times the diameter of the net rope, protruding out of the net plane. This kind of net is called netting.
Nodules collide with the fish and the ship's rail when pulling the net, which not only hurts the fish, but also wears the net. Because chemical fiber is smooth and elastic, it is easy to cause problems such as loose nodules and uneven mesh.
8. The invention of historical paper on paper: On the basis of using waste silk floss to make paper, Cai Lun successfully made a light and economical paper with bark, hemp, rags and waste fishing nets as raw materials, summed up a set of relatively perfect paper-making methods, and made great progress in paper-making technology.
In A.D. 105 (in the reign of Liu Zhaonian in the first year of Han Yuan Xing), Cai Lun presented the finished paper to the court and was praised by the emperor. From then on, people began to use this kind of paper, and the paper made in Cai Lun was called "Cai Hou Paper" all over the country.
Spread of Paper: Paper was widely used in China in the 8th century. In the following centuries, China exported paper to all parts of Asia and kept the secret of papermaking strictly. Papermaking was introduced to Japan through Korea in the 7th century.
In 75 1 year, the Tang dynasty clashed with the * * * empire, and the * * * people captured several China paper craftsmen. Soon, the paper industry rose in Samarkand and Baghdad.
In this way, papermaking gradually spread to all parts of the world, where paper began to be widely used and then spread to North America and Europe through various countries. According to historical records, the first paper mill was established in Europe more than 0/000 years after Cai Lun invented papermaking.
Although the modern paper industry has developed, its basic principle is still the same as that of Cai Lun. Nine times out of ten, the raw materials for papermaking have been replaced by wood pulp, but the raw materials for making high-grade printing paper, cigarette paper, rice paper and typing wax paper are still nothing more than rags, bark, hemp heads and waste fishing nets used in Cai Lun.
The development history of paper: the production of paper began in the Western Han Dynasty, and it was widely spread in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Because of its wide use, papermaking has been further improved.
Paper raw materials are also diversified. There are many kinds of paper, such as bamboo curtain paper, rattan paper, fish egg paper, etc ... Cai Lun has a wide range of papermaking raw materials. Paper made of rotten fishing nets is called net paper, and paper made of rags is called cloth paper. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the famous Xuan paper was born.
There is a legend in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, the main producing area of Xuan paper: Cai Lun's apprentice Kong Dan, who made paper in southern Anhui, always wanted to make a particularly ideal white paper for his master to paint and compose. But after many experiments, it can't be realized.
Once, he happened to see some sandalwood trees lying beside the mountain stream, which had been corroded by water for a long time and had rotted and turned white. Later, he made paper with this bark and finally succeeded.
It can be concluded that using bark as rice paper has been very popular in the Tang Dynasty. ) In the Tang Dynasty, on the basis of the previous generation of yellow paper, wax was evenly coated on the paper to make the paper have the advantages of luster, luster and beauty, which was called hard yellow paper.
The paper industry of the Five Dynasties continued to develop. Zhangzhou's Chengxin Tang paper was always considered as the best paper until the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the paper industry flourished and innovated constantly.
All kinds of stationery are popular again, and white paper and elegant paper are highly respected in texture, with bright and quiet colors, such as pastel paper and printing and dyeing paper in Kanggan period. By the Qing Dynasty, the production of paper had reached a perfect level. Papermaking technology) Papermaking technology: 1: Cutting trees to make materials 2: Cutting into proper lengths 3: Barking 4: Cutting into pieces 5: Slicing 6: Concentrated processing of thin slices, and transporting to paper mill 7: Making pulp with medicinal liquid and steam 8: Washing with medicinal liquid 9: Removing impurities1/kloc-.
9. What is a network? In fact, the era of Inter has already arrived, but it is limited by the connection speed and cost. Many people have not really been able to make good use of it and enjoy it.
Nowadays, with various connection modes and faster connection speed, people can enjoy the impact of broadband networking and our life, study and work, so that we can really live, work and enjoy in a broadband era! Before learning broadband network, it is necessary for us to know the development history of the network, which is of great benefit to our in-depth understanding and use of the network! I. Uses Inter is a method and means for computers all over the world to communicate with each other, a carrier and transmission system of information, a link connecting computers all over the world and a powerful "tool". It is the largest computer network in the world today, covering almost the whole world. It integrates news, communication, entertainment and resource sharing, and is the expressway of information exchange in modern society.
Enterprises can not only get a lot of business information from the Internet, but also show themselves to the international community through the Internet. Is the world's largest coverage, the largest number of users, the richest resources, the most practical computer network.
The information content of interest is so huge that we can regard it not only as a computer network, but also as a huge, practical and pleasant information source. We also hope you can understand that Inter is a society for all beings. Millions of people all over the world can use the Internet to communicate and share information resources.
Can send or receive e-mail communication; Be able to establish contact with others and ask each other for information; You can publish an announcement on the internet to publicize your information; Can participate in various group discussions; You can enjoy a lot of information sources and software resources for free. Second, a brief history of the development of Inter With the advent of the first electronic computer in the world in 1946, the number of computers is very small because of its high price.
The so-called computer network in the early days was mainly produced to solve this contradiction. Its form is to directly connect a computer with several terminals through communication lines. We can also regard this method as the simplest prototype of LAN. The earliest Inter was established by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the US Department of Defense.
Many concepts and methods of modern computer network, such as packet switching technology, all come from ARPA. ARPA not only studied the packet switching technology of leased line interconnection, but also studied the packet switching technology of wireless and satellite networks, which led to the emergence of TCP/IP.
In 1977- 1979, ARPA introduces the current TCP/IP architecture and protocol. Around 1980, all computers on ARPA have started the conversion of TCP/IP protocol, and established the original Inter with ARPA as the backbone network.
1983, all ARPA computers completed the conversion to TCP/IP, and realized TCP/IP on UNIX (BSD 4.1). The greatest contribution of ARPA in technology is the development and application of TCP/IP protocol.
From 65438 to 0985, the National Science Foundation (NSF) adopted TCP/IP protocol to connect six supercomputing centers serving scientific research and education in the United States, and supported regional networks to form NSF. 1986, NSF replaced ARPA as the backbone network of Inter.
1988 inter started to open to the outside world. 199 1 June, 2008, commercial users surpassed academic users for the first time in computers connected by Inter, which was a milestone in the development history of Inter, and the growth rate of Inter was out of control.
Three. China's interest 1. The development of INTER in China can be roughly divided into three stages: the first stage is 1987- 1993, which is also a research and experimental stage. During this period, some scientific research departments and institutions of higher learning in China began to study InterInter technology and carry out scientific research projects and scientific and technological cooperation, but at present, the network application is limited to small-scale e-mail services.
The second stage is 1994 to 1996, which is also the initial stage. 1in April, 1994, Zhongguancun education and scientific research demonstration network project entered Inter, and China was officially recognized as a country with Inter.
After that, Internet projects such as China, CER, CST and Chinagb were launched nationwide, and Inter began to enter public life and developed rapidly in China. By the end of 1996, the number of Inter users in China has reached 200,000, and the services and applications carried out by Inter have gradually increased.
The third stage, from 1997 to now, is the fastest stage for Inter Milan in China. After 1997, the number of domestic Inter users basically doubled every six months.
Today, the number of netizens has exceeded100000. According to the statistical report released by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), as of June 30, 2003, the total number of Internet users in China was 68 million.
This figure increased by 8.9 million compared with the beginning of the year and 22.2 million compared with the same period in 2002. At present, there are five commercial Inter backbone units with independent international import and export routes in China, as well as non-profit Inter backbone units in education, science and technology, economy and trade.
At present, there are more than 600 Internet access service providers (ISPs), of which 140 operates across provinces. With the improvement of network foundation, the adoption of new technologies for user access, the diversification of access methods and the improvement of service capabilities of operators, the bottleneck problem caused by slow access network speed will be further improved, and the internet access speed will be faster, thus promoting more applications to be realized online.
2. Future Development Priorities Despite such good achievements, * * has laid out the future development priorities of the Internet in China, and understanding these priorities is very useful for our future broadband life: (1) Revise the existing laws and regulations on network management according to the Telecommunications Regulations and the Measures for the Administration of Internet Information Services promulgated by the State Council, and constantly improve and formulate new laws and regulations according to the actual network development; (2) Expand the network scale, optimize the network structure, avoid redundant construction, and make the network develop towards integration, broadband and intelligence; (3) In the basic network, competition mechanism should be further introduced to promote prices.