193 1 changed its name to "nakajima aircraft co., ltd.";
1945 changed its name to "fuji industrial co., ltd.", mainly producing various engines and machinery;
1949, the first single-structure passenger car in Japan was developed.
1953, FujiHeavyIndustriesLtd was formally established and joined the ranks of automobile research and development.
1958, in response to the Japanese government's call to "build a car with a top speed of 100 km/h, four passengers and continuous driving over 30 km", the popular Subaru 360 came out, laying a unique position for Fuji Heavy Industries in the automotive field in the future.
Fuji Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. is the successor of Nakajima Aircraft Co., Ltd., which originated from the Aircraft Research Laboratory. It was founded in Gunma Prefecture (70km north of Tokyo) at 19 17 by Chikuhei Nakajima (1884- 1949), and is now the manufacturing base of Subaru. Nakajima is the eldest son of a farmer in Gunma County. After he 19 entered the Naval Academy, he heard the news of the Wright brothers' first successful flight in the United States.
Nakajima is obsessed with blue sky dreams and legends. He participated in the production of Japanese naval aircraft. But instead of focusing on the development and production of aircraft, he left the navy and set up an aircraft research laboratory. Soon after, the aircraft research laboratory was renamed as Nakajima Aircraft Co., Ltd. ... It was this move that created the pioneer of Japanese aircraft manufacturers. During the period of 1945, as the smoke of World War II gradually dispersed, aircraft production also stopped. Taking Fuji Sanyo Co., Ltd. as a brand-new starting point, the company deliberately seeks the application of aircraft manufacturing technology in other aspects. At first, the company devoted itself to the development of small electric motorcycles and bus bodies, from which the company grew into a mature automobile manufacturer.
1June, 946, Fuji Sanyo stopped aircraft manufacturing and completed the prototype of the first scooter in Japan. This kind of small electric motorcycle was put on the market the following year under the command of the rabbit. It has a 135cc, 2-horsepower engine and uses the rear wheels of a military transport plane. At that time, the traffic situation in Japan was very bad, and people had lost many tools to facilitate travel. The first appearance of this new type of car aroused great interest. Rabbit is favored by many people because the driver can put his feet together when sitting, and this small electric motorcycle has a low center of gravity and a reasonable speed.
1950, according to the Company Credit Adjustment Law, Fuji Sanyo was divided into twelve companies. Later, in 1953, Fuji Heavy Industries was established by five of them and became a company engaged in aircraft manufacturing, sales and maintenance. These five companies are: Fuji Industry (a manufacturer of small motorcycles), Fuji Machine Tool Co., Ltd. (mainly engaged in the manufacture and development of passenger car bodies p- 1 cars), Omiya Fuji Industry (an engine manufacturer), Miyaxia Dai of Yu Dou (a vehicle manufacturer, which was preparing to restart the production of aircraft at that time) and Tokyo Fuji Sanyo (trading company). Two years later, these five investors merged with Fuji Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.
1In February 1954, Fuji Heavy Industries announced that the prototype of its bus was named p- 1, and the next year it was named p- 1 subaru 1500. p 1 adopted the first single-shell body made in Japan. The front wheel adopts a fork-arm independent suspension, the spiral spring is combined with a double-acting oil shock absorber, and the rear wheel adopts a rigid axle suspension combined with a three-leaf spring and a double-acting oil shock absorber. This bus can provide extremely comfortable riding and smooth running. Unfortunately, however, sales were forced to stop because it was difficult to raise funds for factory equipment and sales network. But it turns out that this motor vehicle is of great value to the future development of Subaru 360 and Subaru 1000.
On March 3rd, 1958, a lovely bus was introduced in the market, which was unique. This is Subaru 360, the first model of Subaru car. At that time, Japanese automakers were working on the research and development of small cars according to a plan, which called for the production of "Volkswagen cars" advocated by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan. Subaru360 was developed based on this concept. At that time, the price of buses was so expensive that most people could not afford them. Facts have proved that it is technically very difficult to produce a small car with good performance that people can afford, and many manufacturers are unwilling to get their hands on this problem. However, Subaru, rooted in the aircraft manufacturing industry, accepted this challenge with its pride and strong technical strength. It developed Subaru 360, a four-seater and four-wheel mini-car, which beat other manufacturers. Subaru 360 has also become a milestone in the history of Japanese automobile industry. Because of the appearance of Subaru 360 ladybug, it is affectionately called ladybug car. Subaru360 has been popular since it came out 1 1 year. The car was finally discontinued in May 1970.
1961February, Subaru samba made its debut. On the basis of Subaru 360, samba truck has superior ride comfort and driving stability. Compared with other four-wheeled mini trucks at that time, Subaru Samba had the lowest floor and the most spacious cargo area. With its dexterous ability to cross narrow street corners, this mini-truck has brought a breath of fresh air to the industry. In September of the following year, sambar light van went on the market, which can be used for both business and leisure. With the listing of Samba, Subaru has become a powerful light bus manufacturer.
1966 On May 4th, 1000, Subaru 1000 made its debut. This is the first car with a basic drive system, which is also a remarkable feature of Subaru's front wheel drive (fwd) system with horizontally opposed horizontal engines. At that time, due to its excellent maneuverability and stability, fwd was a technology that attracted the attention of many engineers. However, there were still some problems in fwd at that time: it would make the steering system heavier and easily transmit torsional vibration; Moreover, because the in-line engine is placed horizontally, the left-right balance is very poor, and it is easy to make the vehicle roll over. These technical problems are not easy to solve, and no other manufacturer in Japan can make the necessary breakthrough. Other manufacturers chose the rear-wheel drive system, and Subaru decided to adopt the fwd system. The company has developed a series of technologies to overcome the obstacles of fwd system, and adopted a horizontally opposed horizontal engine recognized by the aircraft manufacturing industry. By changing the engine to a vertical pendulum, Subaru successfully manufactured his ideal left-right symmetrical fwd system.
Subaru r-2 was launched in August 1969, replacing Subaru 360. R-2 is a mini-car specially designed for the new era, which has aroused great interest because of its role in expanding the concept of mini-car. R-2 has superior performance and is completely suitable for the "highway era" that Japan is entering. At the same time, the excellent balance of this car means that the r-2 can also drive freely on rough roads. R-2 has elegant design style and spacious interior space for four people to ride comfortably, all of which should be attributed to Subaru engineers, who used their professional skills accumulated in the Subaru 360 era to expand the field of mini-cars.
Subaru Leon entered the market in June 197 1, and then Subaru Leon's four-wheel drive van entered the market in September 1972. At that time, the four-wheel drive (4wd) was limited to off-road vehicles. Subaru took the lead in introducing mass-produced four-wheel drive steering gear into ordinary bus series, thus breaking this limitation. When this car was first put on the market, the demand was mainly due to its application in special fields, such as commercial use in snowy areas and mountainous areas. However, due to its innovation, this car has been highly praised in domestic and foreign markets. Because outdoor sports such as skiing and fishing were extremely popular at that time, this car was able to continuously expand its customer base. The popularity of this car increased rapidly until it became the best-selling four-wheel drive bus in the world and the source of Subaru's four-wheel drive.
Subaru rex was put on the market as a follow-up model of r-2 in July 1972. Rex won praise because of its energetic and dynamic style and the consistent characteristics of Subaru mini-cars, such as excellent handling, driving balance, ride comfort and fuel economy.
Subaru brat was put into the market in August, 1977, which is an export-oriented recreational vehicle (rv) designed for the North American market. On the basis of leone's four-wheel drive, this car adds a two-seat passenger compartment with a cargo area at the rear. It turns out that Subaru brat is very popular in many countries. Especially in North America, the powerful four-wheel drive provides leisure coaches with high economy and makes them "go anywhere", which just meets the needs of young people there for outdoor leisure activities.
1983 10 single-room station wagon Subaru Domingo made its debut. This series of cars can not only accommodate 7 passengers in a compact body, but also provide a variety of seat emissions due to the first rotating seats and folding seats in Japan.
1984, Subaru announced the development of the world's first electronic continuously variable transmission (ecvt), which adopted a simple but very effective mechanism, using a special steel belt and a pair of pulleys produced by Van Doorne's Transmisie B.V.In., the Netherlands. Electronic continuously variable transmission (ecvt) enables the driver to control the speed of the car without a full set of gears. This device can automatically change the speed of motor vehicles to achieve the most appropriate transmission ratio. The intelligent continuously variable transmission (i-cvt) developed from the electronic continuously variable transmission (ecvt) has been applied to the domestic mini car pleo.
Subarujusty is listed on the market every month 1984. To 1987, justy installed an advanced automatic transmission system-the world's first electronic continuously variable transmission, called Subaru ecvt.
Subaru alcyone is named after a particularly bright star in the Pleiades cluster (a cluster called Subaru in Japanese). This style of car was launched in the American market under the name of Subaru xt in February 1985, and in the Japanese market under the name of alcyone in June 1985. The series is characterized by its shape design, which is intended to arouse people's imagination of the streamlined figure of falcon or eagle. Alcyone's curved "V" shape and rounded curve make this car reach the lowest level of air resistance in the world, that is, 0.29cd (drag coefficient).
Since February 1989, Subaru has been involved in the two-liter car market of Subaru Legacy. Shouldering the heavy responsibility of developing a new car and making it play a leading role in the international stage of the new era, the design team started from scratch, but finally decided to "adopt horizontally opposed horizontal engines and four-wheel drive systems, which not only continued Subaru's traditional technology, but also regarded it as a mature combination dedicated to the new era". In this way, Legacy not only incorporates Subaru's traditional technology, but also is a brand-new design that reflects high-quality driving performance. This lineup consists of four-door cars and vans, while the latter set off a van craze in Japan. 1998, the third generation of Legacy was listed.
Subaru svx was listed in the US market as 199 1 in July and in Japan in September of the same year, replacing xt. This car is a luxurious and efficient single-row double-door box car, which can drive on any road. It has a dynamic design and a glass dome with a flush surface.
1992, Subaru vivio went public to replace Rex.
Subaru impreza was also launched in June 1992 1 1. Compared with legacy Legacy, this series is more compact, and the most notable feature is the fashionable curve. There are two versions of this car, one is a four-door car and the other is a sports car. The engine, suspension, four-wheel drive system and decoration of the impreza are basically the same as those of the Legacy, but its high-performance driving and high-quality sense have been further strengthened. In particular, the extraordinary driving performance provided by the turbine engine and the fresh air brought by the sports car to the passenger and freight vehicles mean that the market welcomes the personalized impreza.
1995, Subaru won the world championship of wrc manufacturers and drivers.
Subaru forester forester forester first appeared in1February, 997. Forester combines the remarkable characteristics of multi-purpose sports car and bus, and becomes a new type of car developed based on the concept of "having both" Its chassis is essentially the same as that of 1993 legacy Legacy, and it is a completely changed model. However, the wheelbase of foresters is reduced, the ground clearance is only 200mm, and the total height is 1, 580mm. Therefore, foresters not only perform well in bad road conditions and high driving positions required by multi-purpose sports vehicles (SUVs), but also provide drivers with pleasant and comfortable driving feelings. Subaru Bach went public in 2002.
Symmetric AWD (left-right symmetrical full-time four-wheel drive)
Fuji Heavy Industries installed the world's first full-time four-wheel drive system on commercial vehicles. This system and the horizontally opposed engine of this factory can achieve a nearly perfect effect of balancing the body weight. Coupled with LSD central anti-skid differential, when four wheels slip due to different speeds, it can automatically adjust to prevent slipping and maintain complete tire grip. With the cooperation of low center of gravity engine and four-wheel drive, the dynamic performance is more stable than that of ordinary cars, and it can be called arbitrary at high speed, rainy day and cornering in sand.
horizontally opposed engine
Besides Fuji Heavy Industries, only Porsche has engine technology in the world. One of its characteristics is that the lateral vibration generated by it can be easily absorbed by the bracket, which can effectively reduce the center of gravity of the heavier engine of the whole vehicle and make it easier for the whole vehicle to achieve overall balance with reset timing. The reason why not many people dare to adopt such a good technology is because it requires very high design and production technology of various parts of the engine. Subaru Legacy, Leopard, Forester and Outback all use this engine, which proves that Fuji Heavy Industries has reached the world's top level in technology and product maturity.