Peony can be divided into medicinal peony (Paeonia lactiflora, Paeonia) and ornamental peony. The planting method is mainly seed bud transplantation. Although the cultivation periods and methods are similar, this paper focuses on the cultivation techniques of medicinal peony.

After nearly five years of silence, the medicinal peony market has been rising all the way from 202 1. So far, the benefit of medicinal peony is as high as 15000 yuan. Although it did not return to its peak, it played a role in stimulating farmers to develop planting.

So, when is the best time to plant medicinal peony? In the process of transplanting, what three things should be done in advance to keep peony away from diseases, insects and weeds?

When is the best time to plant peony?

In Bozhou, Anhui Province, the main producing area of medicinal peony, every spring, red peony seedlings burn like flames on the earth. Many foreign friends have to dig some trees and take them back to plant. However, all the plants failed without exception, either the plants could not survive or the surviving plants never showed signs of flowering.

In this regard, local Chinese herbal medicine planting expert and agronomist Gao said that this is related to the growth habits of Paeonia lactiflora. Peony, like wheat and garlic, is not suitable for planting in spring, but should be planted in late autumn to early winter (September-10).

Peony is suitable for planting in autumn and winter for two reasons:

1, the root growth of Paeonia lactiflora has strict requirements on climatic conditions.

When the local temperature drops to 25℃, the root growth of Paeonia lactiflora will enter an active period. Therefore, spring and autumn, when the temperature is relatively low, are the most vigorous seasons for the root growth of Paeonia lactiflora (mainly capillary root growth in spring and rhizome expansion in autumn), while hot summer is the stage when Paeonia lactiflora enters semi-dormancy, which is the biggest difference between Paeonia lactiflora and other plants.

Transplanted seedlings in autumn (Paeonia lactiflora as stem buds and Paeonia lactiflora as root seedlings), although the temperature drops, the soil temperature is acceptable. Although the seedlings buried in the soil will germinate in spring, it will not affect the germination of new roots, which has accumulated enough nutrition for peony to germinate and grow in spring.

However, when peony is transplanted in spring, the plant growth consumes too much root nutrition, and the capillary root is damaged during transplantation, which is also the reason for the low survival rate of peony, and it does not have the nutritional needs needed for flowering.

2. Vernalization characteristics

Similar to wheat, rape, garlic and other crops planted in autumn and winter, the growth of Paeonia lactiflora also needs the transition of vernalization stage (low temperature transition), especially for seedlings, which will complete the transition to growth stage after a certain period of low temperature transition.

Three things should be done well in peony transplantation

1, underground pest control

Paeonia lactiflora is a rhizome Chinese herbal medicine, and grubs are its biggest nemesis, especially in fields with high organic matter content and serious corn stubble and insect population. Underground pest control should be done well before planting.

The control of underground pests can be divided into two ways: one is soil treatment; The second is seedling treatment.

Soil treatment can use 3% phoxim granules 2000g+0% clothianidin granules 65438+2500g, after sowing, rotary tillage can be carried out. This way can not only kill insects in the soil, but also achieve the effect of long-term repellent.

Seedlings can be treated with imidacloprid or thiamethoxam suspension seed coating agent, such as 50 grams of 60% imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent, diluted with appropriate amount of water, and then sown with about 3000 peony seedlings (one acre), which can also achieve long-term repellent effect on underground pests such as white grubs.

2, disease prevention and treatment

Common soil-borne diseases of Paeonia lactiflora include stem base rot, white silk rot and Phytophthora root rot. Especially in the fields where crops with serious soil-borne diseases have been planted or are being planted, the soil must be treated for disease prevention before planting peony.

The disease prevention treatment of Paeonia lactiflora is similar to the underground pest control, and it can be treated by combining soil treatment and seedling treatment.

Soil treatment: 800g of 40% carbendazim thiram wettable powder or 50g of 50% carbofuran wettable powder per mu can be mixed with underground pest control products for soil preparation.

One of the most direct methods to control peony diseases at seedling stage. On the basis of 60% imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent, 20-30g of 1 1% metalaxyl+fludioxonil+azoxystrobin suspension seed coating agent can be added per mu, which has obvious disease prevention effect and can also promote the germination of new roots.

3. Weeding treatment

Many growers have a misunderstanding that peony can be sprayed with closed herbicides after transplanting, which is actually a wrong understanding.

This is because, although spraying closed herbicides can control some winter weeds at this time, when weeds germinate in a large area in March next year, closed herbicides often have expired and cannot achieve the ideal weeding effect. For example, the longest validity period of pendimethalin is 60 days.

The reasonable application time is March of the following year, and the application time is about 15 days before peony germination, which can achieve the ideal effect of closing weeds.

In order to increase the effect of closed weeding, we can increase the ratio of prometryne and oxyfluorfen on the basis of pendimethalin, which can prolong the efficacy of closed weeding and increase the weeding spectrum, so that growers don't have to worry about weeding during the whole growth period.