Later, the State of Qin annexed Shu. In order to build Shu into its own important base, the State of Qin decided to thoroughly control the Minjiang River flood in Shu. Therefore, the governor of Qin appointed Li Bing, who was good at water control, as the county magistrate of Shu County, responsible for controlling the floods in Shu.
After Li Bing arrived in Shu County, he personally checked the local disaster situation. He found that the Minjiang River, which originated from Minshan Mountain in the north of Chengdu Plain, has high mountains and deep valleys on both sides, and the current is swift. However, a large amount of sediment carried by the upper reaches of Minjiang River was deposited here, which raised the riverbed and aggravated the flood. Especially in the southwest of guanxian, there is a Leiyu Mountain, which hinders the eastward flow of rivers. Every summer and autumn flood season, it often causes drought in the east and waterlogging in the west.
After on-the-spot investigation, libing found that the location of the original water diversion channel was unreasonable, so he canceled the original plan and moved the water diversion port to Leiyu Mountain in guanxian, the top of alluvial fan in Chengdu Plain, so as to ensure a large amount of water diversion and form a smooth channel network. His newly planned diversion canal consists of fish mouth, flying sand weir, treasure bottle mouth and canal network.
In the process of building a diversion weir, Li Bing found a new method after he failed to build a weir by throwing stones in the middle of the river. He asked bamboo workers to weave some large bamboo cages filled with pebbles, and then sank to the bottom of the river one by one, thus defeating the rushing river and finally building a diversion levee. According to the later Tang Dynasty writer Li Jifu's Yuanhe County Records, this is recorded as follows:
Tail weir is twenty-five miles southwest of the county seat, which was made by Li Bing to prevent the river from bursting. Broken bamboo is a cage with a diameter of three feet and a length of ten feet, made of stone. Tired and drowning.
This method uses local materials, and its construction and maintenance are simple and easy. Moreover, the accumulation of cage stones layer by layer can not only avoid the breach of the dike body, but also make use of the gap between pebbles to reduce the direct pressure of flood, thus reducing the risk of dike collapse.
The front end of the diversion levee looks like a fish head, hence the name "fish mouth". Yuzui is a diversion weir built in the middle of Minjiang River in the upper reaches of Baokou, which is named after the weir top looks like a fish mouth. According to the Records of Huayang Country, Li Bing's "Hook the General Left Hook" refers to the fish mouth. It divides the Minjiang River into two rivers, internal and external, which play the role of shipping, irrigation and flood diversion.
In order to further control the amount of water flowing into the bottle mouth, libing also built a flat channel and a "flying sand weir" spillway for flood diversion at the tail of the fishmouth diversion dike. The flying sand weir is also made of pebbles in bamboo cages, and the top of the weir is at a suitable height.
In this way, when the water level in Neijiang is too high, the flood will overflow the flying sand weir and flow into the outer river through the flat tank, which can protect the Neijiang irrigation area from being flooded. At the same time, due to the vortex effect of water flowing over the flying sand weir into the outer river, the sediment deposition before and after the bottle mouth is effectively washed away.
There is a certain proportion of water in the fish mouth. During the spring ploughing season, the water in Neijiang accounts for about 60%, and the water in Waijiang accounts for about 40%. In flood season, when the Neijiang River exceeds the amount of water needed for irrigation, the Sha Fei weir will overflow the Neijiang River.
Then, libing led people to dig the bottle mouth. Because "the cliff is steep, it can't be pierced, and Li Bing is burned", Lei Yushan was split and carved into a treasure bottle mouth. The bottle mouth of Baokou not only becomes the water inlet, but also forms an automatic water gate with its narrow passage, which plays a very good role in protecting Neijiang canal system.
The rock passage around Baokou is very strong, which has not been washed away under the impact of Minjiang rapids for thousands of years, effectively controlling the flow of Minjiang River. Song Shusen, a poet in the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem "Long Fu Guan Sheng";
I heard that Shu Shou chiseled away from the pile, and two cliffs split Cui Wei's momentum. At this point, the Minjiang River painted north and south, and Aquarius poured like thunder.
After Li Bing built the Aquarius, he opened two more canals, one from Yongkang to Chengdu, called Waijiang, and the other from Yongkang to Chengdu, called Neijiang. These two main canals connect the scattered farmland irrigation canals in Chengdu Plain, initially forming a large-scale water conservancy project canal network.
In the next few years, Li Bing led the people in the middle of Shu to build a number of water conservancy projects, such as the water distribution fish mouth, the King Kong dike and the horizontal water tank, in the area under the Lei Yu Mountain in the south of guanxian. These water conservancy projects were later collectively called Dujiangyan.
The Dujiangyan water conservancy project built by Li Bing not only radically cured the flood, but also turned the flood into a blessing, irrigated fertile fields and benefited the people of Sichuan from generation to generation. Since then, Shu County has been called "Land of Abundance" because of its fertile land. Therefore, Li Bing was honored as the "ancestor of Sichuan" by later generations, and was loved and admired by generations of Shu people.
Li Bing's construction of Dujiangyan Water Conservancy Project occupies a glorious page not only in the history of water conservancy in China, but also in the history of water conservancy in the world. Its long history is world-famous and its complete design is amazing. Many water conservancy projects were built in ancient China, but Dujiangyan built by Li Bing has been playing a variety of functions such as flood control, irrigation and transportation.
People in Shu all regard Li Bing's conscientious spirit of serving the people as an example to learn from. In order to praise Li Bing's greatness in water control, people constantly enrich and deify his heroic deeds to highlight Li Bing's extraordinary wisdom and magical talent. As a result, many magical legends about Li Bing's water control have been derived from the people.
According to legend, after Li Bing came to Shu County, he found a river god and a dragon in the Minjiang River. If you are a little unhappy, you will make waves and rain cats and dogs, flooding crops and villages on both sides of the strait and harming the people.
Nie Long asked the local people to choose a beautiful virgin as his wife on June 23rd of the lunar calendar every year, and also asked every family to raise huge funds to hold a lively wedding for him. Many families had to take their children away from their homes to escape persecution in Jiang Shen. In this way, the land around the Minjiang River is gradually barren and people are gradually scarce.
Shortly after Li Bing took office in Shu County, he decided to cure this dragon after he found out the situation here. Seeing that it's time to marry Jiang Shen once a year, those who can't live without it begin to raise money to choose children for Jiang Shen. At this time, Li Bing said, "You don't need to raise money this year. The virgin will choose my little daughter, so don't bother. "
People are grateful to hear that Li Bing is so self-sacrificing and worried about Li Bing. They are worried that something will happen to the ice. They don't want to lose such a good chief. They all hope that the chief can defeat the dragon and destroy evil.
On June 23rd of the lunar calendar, Li Bing dressed up her daughter and went to the river together. After the priest boarded the altar of offering sacrifices to the river, gongs and drums roared under the altar, and bells and music rang. After the three drums, the river suddenly became choppy and the water column was more than ten feet high. People say this is a ceremony for Jiang Shen to welcome the bride.
By this time, people should have sent the bride into the water. But Li Bing said, "Don't worry. It is a great honor for me to marry Jiang Shen this time. I, Li Bing, really want to witness Jiang Shen's respect, and also ask Jiang Shen to show up early, so don't miss the good opportunity. "
Say that finish, bing personally filled a glass of wine and took to the altar to lift it. But after a long time, I just can't see the shadow of Jiang Shen. When Li Bing saw this scene, he knew that God Jiang was teasing the man. He flew into a rage and said, "You dragon killed the people and made them miserable. Today, I, Li, am willing to give my life to fight side by side with you and let the people live and work in peace and contentment. Please show up quickly! "
With that, Bing jumped into the river with a sword in his hand. At this time, the water column on the river disappeared, and it seemed calm, only vaguely feeling a feeling of shaking the mountain.
After about an hour, the wind blew hard and the smoke covered the sun. In a trance, people saw two blue-black rhinos fighting desperately, which was inseparable. After a while, two rhinos disappeared.
While watching the battle on the shore, people were wondering, only to see Bing emerge from the water panting. He said to the soldiers below: "This dragon is very capable, especially with great strength. I can't win after playing for a long time. Come ashore now, please help me. "
Li Bing's soldier said: "We just saw two rhinos fighting by the river. We know that you and the dragon are fighting fiercely, but only two rhinos are exactly the same. We can't tell which one is you, and it's not good to help."
So, Li Bing wrapped a white ribbon around his waist and said to the samurai, "Now I have a white ribbon around my waist, so when I fight it again, I will change the rhinoceros into a white waist. Just remember this. "
After that, the ice jumped into the water again to fight the dragon. When two rhinos appeared again, Bing's soldiers rushed forward with weapons in their hands to help Bing fight together. With weapons in their hands, these warriors slashed at the rhinoceros without white ribbons and finally killed the rhinoceros that turned from the dragon to the ground.
After the dragon fell to the ground, it soon showed its true colors. Ice hurriedly asked people to tie up the dragon with thick chains already prepared and lock it firmly in a deep pool in the river.
In folklore, the prototype of the mythical figure Erlang God is Li Bing's son, and there is a biography of Erlang God in China's ancient miscellaneous collection Taiping Guangji. Fan Chengda, a famous poet in the Song Dynasty, said that Li Bing captured Nielong Town in Fulongguan.
In order to further commemorate Li Bing, later generations built a view at the place where he conquered the dragon, named Fulong View. When I came into view, I looked up and saw a stone statue of Li Bing. This stone statue is very spectacular, with hair and beard fluttering slightly. Deep eyes reveal an extraordinary ambition and boldness of vision, which is shocking!
The legend of Li Bing's water control has been increasing since the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Erlang, the son of Li Bing, began to spread the myth of assisting in water control. Later, every year in Tomb-Sweeping Day, local people would hold sacrificial activities and boiling water ceremonies at the Erwang Temple.
The story of Li Bing's water management is deified by people, which embodies people's reverence for Li Bing, a hero who serves the people, and also shows the image and spirit of a great hero in people's minds. Li Bing's story of managing water has always inspired future generations to fight against natural disasters bravely and tenaciously.