Guns have a long history. Gunpowder is one of the four great inventions in ancient China, which played an important role in promoting the development of guns. During the Southern Song Dynasty in China, primitive gunpowder weapons were invented. He put the gunpowder in a bamboo tube, which was held by two people in the battle, lit the gunpowder and sprayed flames to burn. /kloc-in the 3rd century, China's gunpowder passed through India and Arabia, and finally spread to Europe, and gradually developed.

1825, French officer Delven designed a rifle with a medicine chamber at the end of the barrel. This kind of gun is loaded with bullets from the muzzle, which is called "front loading gun". When loading a front-loaded gun, the barrel must be vertical, and the shooter's action range is large, which is easy to expose the target. So some people began to develop "afterloading guns".

1835, the Prussian Dreeser successfully developed a new type of afterloading gun-afterloading needle firing gun. When using this kind of gun, the bullet is pushed into the chamber from behind with a bolt. The rear-mounted needle firing gun has a higher firing speed, and the shooter can reload at any position. To 1848, it has become a widely used gun.

1865, Mao Se brothers designed a direct-acting rifle with bolt mechanism, which was called "Mao Se". Later rifles have always followed the structural principle of muskets.

65438+60s, during the American Civil War. Gardelin, an American, adopted the method of multi-tube mechanized loading to improve the firing rate, which made a certain contribution to the development of gun automation. At the same time, another repeating gun named "Spencer" opened a hole in the butt of the gun. The bullet was poured into the hole and bounced into the bore with the help of the spring in the hole. This kind of repeating gun has played a great role in the battle.

1883, Ma Keqin, a British-American, invented the world's first machine gun with a rotating mechanism with gunpowder gas as energy source for continuous shooting. Later, Ma Keqin invented the heavy machine gun. The theoretical firing rate of this machine gun is about 600 rounds per minute, and the gun body weighs 27.2 kilograms.

1903, the light machine gun developed by Madsen in Denmark came out. The total weight of Madsen machine gun is less than 10 kg, so ordinary rifle bullets can be used. In World War I, light and heavy machine guns were called "God of War", which killed millions of people in the bullets.

After World War II, all countries turned to develop light and heavy machine guns. It can be said that the dual-purpose machine gun is a rising star in firearms since World War II.

The smallest member of a gun is the well-known pistol. /kloc-At the beginning of the 6th century, the German Kieves invented the revolver. This kind of pistol is simple to operate, but expensive. Later, the firing musket appeared, which was inconvenient to operate and slow to fire, and was not suitable for combat. After a long evolution, some new pistols appeared at the end of 19. Revolver, also known as revolver, was invented by American Colt in 1835. This pistol has simple mechanism, flexible response and safe use, and is widely used in various countries.

After the First World War, people found that an automatic weapon should be equipped between rifles and pistols to fill the gap between the two infantry weapons. The submachine gun was invented to meet this demand. Early submachine guns had an effective range of less than 200 meters and poor shooting accuracy. After World War II, submachine guns were improved in structure and further improved in performance. The current submachine gun has shortened the gun body and is very convenient to operate and use; Smooth shooting, small recoil and high shooting accuracy; Easy to use, increasing the bearing capacity; Lightweight structure and easy maintenance. Now submachine guns are developing towards lightweight, and will surely become one of the important members of firearms.