Shu is a big country in the south of Qin, and as Sima Cuo said, it is also the head of Rong Di. At that time, there were Pakistan, Dan, Li, Ju, Yunnan and other countries in the southwest, among which Shu was the largest. The collection of justice and the annals in brackets in the Tang Dynasty were both influenced by the local chronicles of Huayang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the story of "Jinniu attacking Shu" was taken as a historical record. However, Huayang Guozhi also recorded some credible historical materials, such as "King Shu named his brother Hanzhong and called him Hou". At that time, Hanzhong, the state of Qin, was really occupied by Shu. It is recorded in the book that the Duke of Shu joined Pakistan, was defeated by Shu Wang and fled to Pakistan, asking Qin for help, which is uncertain. The history books only record that Shu and Shu attacked each other, and they all came to Qin in an emergency. So there was a famous debate in the history of Qin. Prime Minister Zhang Yi advocated attacking South Korea and opposed sending troops to Shu, while Sima Cuo advocated attacking Shu, explaining: "Shu is chaotic, we won't think we are cruel when we occupy the world, we will gain huge benefits, and people won't think we are greedy. Kill two birds with one stone, pacify the reputation of cruelty. Finally, King Hui of Qin agreed with Sima Cuo and fought against Shu. Sima Cuo's command to pacify Shu is not recorded in detail in the history books, but Zhang Shoujie's Collection of Justice selects the historical materials of Huayang National Records that Zhang Yi commanded to destroy Shu War, only saying that Shu Wang was hunted down by Zhang Yi in Wuyang, but not saying that Sima Cuo cut Shu at all. None of this is credible. Sima Cuo should have directed the attack on Shu. According to Records of the Historian, in October of 3 16 A.D. and September of the first year of Qin Dynasty, Sima Cuo pacified Shu, which was not killed by Zhang Yi as described in Huayang Guozhi, but was demoted to Hou by the State of Qin. It was not until two years later and eleven years later that Qin Gongzi replaced the original King of Shu as the Hou of Shu. Zhang Yi's role in the war against Shu was not recorded in Historical Records. As a prime minister, Zhang Yi is a famous strategist with outstanding diplomatic skills. He is not a strategist and opposes attacking Shu. King Hui of Qin won't let him be the commander in chief, but it doesn't rule out that Zhang Yi will preside over the surrender ceremony after the war. In the 14th year, Dan and Li surrendered to Qin. In the same year, Chen Zhuang, the prime minister of Shu, killed Shu Hou, and Qin Li's son benefited Shu Hou. In the first year, Shu Hou and Shu Xiang rebelled again and sent Chu to kill Zhuang. In this year, Dan and Li Zao turned against each other. In the sixth year of Qin Zhao, Qi Huangong rebelled and sent Sima Cuo to pacify. Considering Huayang Guozhi's antipathy to Sima's family, it is not credible that Shu Huigong was framed by his stepmother and Sima Cuo went to die. Gan Mao is a strategist of Chu State, not a strategist. It can be seen from the record of his attack on Yiyang in the Warring States Policy that he was defeated, accepted the advice of Qin Zuocheng and won by luck. He went to Shu to die for Chen Zhuang, and Chen Zhuang was credible. Sima Cuo is the commander in chief of the army. Six years of chaos in Shu and Hou led Sima Cuo to a military counter-insurgency operation. Sima Cuo was demoted to Shu Hou, which was learned and imitated by the alternate unification of the three regimes.

Haing s ngor conquests Gongsun Shu.

In the spring of the 11th year of Jianwu (35th year), haing s ngor, together with Cen Peng, general of the Southern Expedition, conquered Gongsun Shu, which was independent of Shu. Cen Peng broke Jingmen, marched into the general officer, and good news spread frequently. Wu Han stayed in Yiling and installed a radiation ship. But Cen Peng was assassinated. The court ordered haing s ngor and his army. In the spring of the 12th year of Jianwu (36th year), Wu Han defeated Shu generals Dang Wei and Gong Yongyong in Yufujin (now north of Leshan, Sichuan) and entered Wuyang (now east of pengshan county, Sichuan). Gongsun Shu sent his son-in-law, Shihang, to rescue him, and all the troops were wiped out. The Han soldiers took advantage of the victory and went to Qianwei. All counties are closed to the city, and they dare not stop fighting. So haing s ngor sent troops to attack Guangdu (now south of Chengdu), quickly conquered it, and sent light cavalry to burn the Chengdu Bridge. Fearing the powerful Han army, the towns east of Wuyang surrendered one after another. Emperor Guangwu issued a letter warning Wu Han: "There are hundreds of thousands of troops in Chengdu, so we should not treat them lightly. But stick to Guangdu, wait for it to attack, and don't fight it. If you don't dare to come, the revolutionary camp will make you exhausted, but you can go on strike (Han Shu Han Shu Biography). Haing Wu Han won one after another, but he didn't listen to Guangwudi's advice. Instead, more than 20 thousand cavalry marched to Chengdu. When we arrived more than ten miles away from Chengdu, we camped on the north bank of the river and set up a pontoon bridge on the river. The deputy commander-in-chief is still in the stream, with 10 thousand troops, and he is stationed in Jiangnan, where the two villages are more than 20 miles apart. Guangwudi was shocked to learn that Wu Han had dispatched troops in this way, and wrote a letter blaming him: "What's the point of a thousand things?" Not only did you underestimate the enemy's depth, but you also fought against Shang Bie-ying. Things have priorities and are no longer relevant. If the thief sends his troops to compose the crowd, he will attack it with a big gun. If it is still broken, the crowd will be defeated. Fortunately, there was nothing else, so I returned my troops to Guangdu (Later Han Shu). However, before the letter arrived, Gongsun Shu had sent Xie Feng and Yuan Ji to attack Angkor Wat with more than 20 battalions with100000 troops. More than 10,000 troops were sent to attack Liushangying village in an attempt to prevent the Han army from saving. Wu led the army to fight the enemy for a day, but he was defeated and returned to the camp. Xie Feng took advantage of the situation and surrounded Wu. Seeing that the situation was critical, Wu Han summoned all his generals and encouraged them, saying, "All of them will fight for thousands of miles, and whatever they catch, they will go deep into the enemy's land and reach their door. Now, Shangliu is surrounded by two places, and it is difficult to meet them. If you want to dive, you will still be in Jiangnan. If we can work together in Qi Xin, people can struggle for themselves and make great achievements; Otherwise, failure will never end. The success or failure of the machine is one stroke "("The History of the Later Han Dynasty "). People will say yes. So haing s ngor married his men, closed the camp for three days, and planted flags everywhere in the camp to let fireworks continue to confuse the Shu army. On the third night, the army sneaked out of the city and ran around, crossing the river to meet Liu Shangbu. Xie Feng and others didn't realize this. The next day, Xie Feng still divided his forces against the Han army north of the Yangtze River and attacked the Han army south of the Yangtze River. Emperor Wu of Han personally commanded the whole army to fight. From morning till night, he finally defeated the enemy and killed Xie Feng and Yuanji. So haing s ngor led the army to defend Guangdu, leaving Shangliu and his men to continue to resist Gongsun Shu, and reported the relevant situation to Guangwudi in writing, deeply blaming themselves for their mistakes. Guangwudi replied after reading it: "It is very appropriate for the public to return to Guangdu. I dare not attack the public if I say it a little. If you attack the merchants first, the people will ride to Guangdu in fifty paces, which will be as dangerous as it is, and break it ("The Book of the Later Han Dynasty"). Since then, haing s ngor led the army to fight against Gongsun Shu's army between Guangdu and Chengdu, winning all eight wars before and after, and stationed in the outer city of Chengdu. Gongsun Shu asked Yan Cen, and Cen Yan said, "People can survive if they die, but they can wait and die! Property is easy to gather, not suitable for love (The Biography of Gongsun Shu in the Later Han Dynasty). Gongsun Shu listened to Yan Cen's plan, took out all the treasures in the treasury, recruited five thousand people who dared to die and gave them to Yan Cen. Cen Yan challenged the Chengdu Bridge with flags and drums, but secretly sent Indiana Jones around the back to attack the Han army. In desperation, haing s ngor fell into the water, luckily caught the ponytail and finally climbed to the surface. In this campaign, haing s ngor was defeated, and the army was in a hurry, and wanted to temporarily lift the siege of Chengdu. Zhang Kan, the prefect of Shu County, predicted that Gongsun Shu would fail, and advised him not to retreat, and haing s ngor followed suit. 1 1 month, Cang Gong marched into Xianmen in the northwest of Chengdu. Gongsun Shu divination, said "Lu died at the gate", exultation, thought this one million head should be on haing s ngor and others. So he was advancing tens of thousands of people out of the city to fight haing s ngor, and sent Cen Yan to fight Cang Gong. The two sides fought fiercely. Yancen won three out of three wars and gained the upper hand. Gongsun Shu led the troops from morning till noon, and the army was exhausted and had no food. Haing s ngor sent noon guards and Tang Han led tens of thousands of elite troops to meet Gongsun Shu. Gongsun Shu fled in a crushing defeat, courageously pursued at noon, rushed into the enemy lines and stabbed Gongsun Shu in the chest. Gongsun Shu fell off his horse and his men took him back to the city. He handed over military power to Cen Yan and died that night. The next day, Yan Cen saw that the tide was over and surrendered to the city. haing s ngor beheaded Gongsun Shu and sent him to Luoyang, where Shu was pacified.

Liu Bei is in Shu

In the sixteenth year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), Liu Zhang listened to Zhang Song's suggestion and sent Fazheng to invite Liu Bei to Sichuan to help him deal with Zhang Lu, while Fazheng and Pang Tong persuaded Liu Bei to take Yizhou. Liu Bei left Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu and others guarding Jingzhou, and went to Shu with tens of thousands of soldiers to meet Liu Zhang in Fucheng. During this period, Zhang Song, Pang Tong advised Liu Bei to attack and kill Liu Zhang, but Liu Bei refused because he had just arrived in Shu and was not convinced. Liu Zhang recommended Liu Bei to be Fu's agent, be a captain in the official department, ration Liu Bei's soldiers, supervise the White Water Army, and make him attack Zhang Lu. Liu Bei went north to Meng Jia, but the defenders did not enter. He built a stout tree to win the hearts of the people.

In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (2 12), Zhang Song was killed while exposed, and Liu Bei turned against Liu Zhang. According to Pang Tong's plan, Liu called Yang Huailai, a white water army, to chop Pang Tong and annex Pang Tong's soldiers. Huang Zhong and Huang Zhong were ordered to attack Liu Zhang and take Fucheng. In the 18th year of Jian 'an (2 13), Liu Zhang sent Liu Gui, Lingbao, Zhang Ren, Deng Xian and Wu Yi to stop Liu Bei in Fucheng, but they were all defeated by Liu Bei and Wu Yi surrendered. Liu Zhang sent Li Yan and Guan Fei as Mianzhu viceroy, and Li Yan led the people to surrender. Liu Bei's military strength became stronger and stronger, and he divided his troops to pacify counties and counties. At the same time, Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were also transferred to Shu. Zhang Ren and Liu Xun retreated to Luocheng, Liu Bei led the army to attack, Zhang Ren attacked and was killed by Liu Beijun. Liu Xun couldn't hold on, and Pang Tong led an army to capture Luocheng and died at the gate. In the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), Los Angeles was besieged for nearly a year before it was conquered. Liu Bei is surrounded by Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun. When Liu Bei sent Du You to Jianning, Li Hui said that he would drop Ma Chao. Ma Chao came to Chengdu, and Liu Bei ordered him to lead an army to the north of the city. At that time, the whole city was shocked. Liu Bei sent Jian Yong to Liu Zhang, but he led Yizhou to shepherd himself and introduced many talents in Shu. In the 20th year of Jian 'an (2 15), Sun Quan sent Monroe to attack the three counties in Jingnan, and Liu Bei led 50,000 troops to confront Sun Quanjun. Later, because Cao Cao captured Hanzhong, Yizhou was greatly threatened, so he reconciled with Sun Quan and cut Jiangxia, Changsha and Guiyang to Sun Quan. Huang Quan was sent to meet Zhang Lu who was defeated by Cao Cao, but Zhang Lu had fallen to Cao Cao. Cao Cao sent Xia and Zhang He to station troops in Hanzhong and invaded the border many times. Liu Bei then ordered Zhang Fei to March into the canal, and there was a war with Zhang He at Wakou. Zhang He was defeated and Liu Bei returned to Chengdu.

Wei destroyed Shu

Presided over the government, formulated the strategy of destroying Shu first and then Wu along the river, and appointed a captain Zhong Hui to prepare for the army consolidation of General Zhenxi in Guanzhong. In August of the fourth year of Jingyuan (263), Wei Junbing attacked Shu in three ways: General Deng Ai led more than 30,000 people to March from Didao (now Lintao, Gansu) to contain the main force of Jiang Wei, a Shu general stationed in the soil (now northwest of Zhouqu, Gansu); Zhuge Xu, the secretariat of Yongzhou, led more than 30,000 people to attack Wudu (now northwest of Chengxian County, Gansu Province) and cut off Jiang Wei's retreat; The rate of Zhong Hui was over 65,438+10,000 people, and they wanted to take advantage of the weakness to take Hanzhong, and then directly take Chengdu. Tingwei Quan Wei is the Sima of Zhenxi Army, in charge of the military affairs of Wargo and Zhong Hui. Under the unified command of General Si Mazhao. The Shu army sent right general Liao Hua to reinforce Jiang Wei in the stack; General Zhang Yi, who rode a left car, and others went to Yang 'an Pass and refused to keep it. Hanzhong generals were ordered to abandon their outlying strongholds in Hanzhong, shrink their forces and surrender to Seoul (now Mianxian East, Shaanxi Province) and Lecheng. Because the Shu army did not strictly defend the throat arteries, such as Gu Jie, Luogu and Woods Valley, it was occupied by Wei Wei and Taitai Liu Qin. The clock will go several ways and go straight into Hanzhong, leaving 20 thousand people around Han and Le. He led the main force to Yang 'an Pass, beheaded Fu Qian, surrendered to Jiang Shu, and followed Keguan City (now Yangpingguan, Shaanxi Province) all the way south.

Wargo ordered Wang Qi, the prefect of Tianshui, to directly attack Jiang Wei's camp, Hong Qian, the prefect of Longxi, and others to invite Jiang Wei to lure the enemy, and Yang Xin, the prefect of Jincheng, to directly attack Gan Song. Jiang Wei heard that Zhong Hui and other departments had entered Hanzhong. Knowing that Hanzhong was difficult to defend, he removed Wargo and retreated to Yin Ping. Yang Xin and others pursued to Jiangchuankou, and the two sides fought. Jiang Wei retreated and was blocked by Zhuge Xu, who first took the bridgehead (southeast of level tone). Jiang Wei pretended to go north from Hanguguan, pretending to send troops to attack the rear of Zhuge Xu. When Zhuge Xu was induced to stay 30 miles away from the bridge to resist the attack from the north, Jiang Wei took the opportunity to cross the bridge quickly, and joined hands with Liao Hua and Zhang Yi to set up Jiange. Zhuge Xu rushed to tackle, one day short. Wargo went to level tone and wanted to join hands with Zhuge Xu to go south. Zhuge Xu didn't follow, and came to the east to be close to Zhong Hui. Zhong Hui wanted to specialize in relieving the military power. He falsely accused Zhuge Xu of being afraid of the enemy and sent him back to be punished. Then he led his army south and was blocked by Jiang Wei in Jiange. Jiange is known as "one person defends it, ten thousand people can't force it", and Jiang Wei is on the defensive. Zhong Hui can't attack Jiange, and there is nothing he can do. Wei Jun couldn't keep up with the store, and Zhong Hui was ready to withdraw. Wargo wrote: "Now that thieves are out, we should take advantage of them. From the level tone, the heterodox passed through the pavilion in Deyang, Han, and went out to Chengdu more than 300 miles west of Jiange. Indiana Jones rushed to his heart. The guardian of Jiange must return to Fucheng and then move forward on the track. If the Jiange army does not return, the Fucheng army should be outnumbered. There is a saying in the military strategists' annals:' Take it by surprise and catch it by surprise.' Cover up its emptiness now, and it will be broken "(The Story of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Wei Deng Ai). In October, Wargo took advantage of Jiang Wei's being held hostage by Zhong Hui in Jiange, and led the army from level tone to east and south along Jinggu Road, leaving Jiange for more than 200 miles south. Zhong Hui also sent Zhang Tian and others to follow up. Wargo led a large army to climb paths, cut mountains to clear the way, repair piles and bridges, and filed in, crossing more than 700 miles of uninhabited dangerous areas. The mountains are high and the valleys are deep, which is extremely dangerous. Failed to transport grain on the way and got into trouble many times. When the troops arrived at Mage Mountain, the road was cut off and they could not advance or retreat for a while. Wargo took the lead and rolled down the hill with felt. Wargo led the army to Jiangyou by surprise, forcing the garrison commander Ma Miao to land. Shu general Zhuge Zhan (Zhuge Liangzi) returned to Mianzhu from Fucheng, waiting for Wargo. Wargo sent his son Deng Zhong to attack the right wing of Zhuge Zhan, and Sima Shi compiled and attacked its left wing. Deng Zhong and Bian Shi retreated and said to Wargo, "Thieves cannot attack." Wargo was furious and said, "Life and death are at stake. Why not? " ? Scold the second general loudly and behead him. The two generals rode back and fought again. Wargo also came to bid, and finally defeated the Shu army, then defeated Mianzhu, and beheaded Shu general Zhuge Zhan and Prime Minister Zhang Zun. After Mianzhu fell, the Shu army collapsed across the board. Wargo seized Luoxian (now Guanghanbei, Sichuan) and approached Chengdu. Liu Chan, the late ruler of Shu, was very afraid and felt that the tide was gone. Persuaded by the ruler, he sent someone to send the emperor's seal and wrote to Wargo asking him to surrender. Wargo led the army into Chengdu, and Shu Han perished. Liu Chan sent someone to the front to order Jiang Wei to surrender. When Jiang Wei got the order, he went to Zhong Huijun to surrender. In this battle, when the main forces of the two armies were at loggerheads, Wargo led a surprise attack, bypassing the frontal defense of the Shu army and heading straight for Chengdu, the capital of Shu, creating a famous surprise attack case in the history of China War. Wargo entered Chengdu, and Liu Chan led more than 60 princes, princes and ministers to tie themselves up and carry coffins to visit the military camp. Wargo took Jeff in his hand, untied him, burned the coffin, accepted the surrender and forgave them. Wargo restrained the troops and there was no looting after entering the city. He appeased the surrenders and let them return to their old jobs, which won the support of the Shu people. The battle of Wei's destruction of Shu was an important step to end the division since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and realize the reunification of China. Wargo played an important role in destroying Shu.

Battle of attacking Sichuan in the later Tang Dynasty

From September of the first year of Changxing in the late Tang Dynasty (930) to February of the following year, Li Siyuan of the Ming Dynasty sent troops to attack our troops to build Nandongchuan, which made Dong Zhang and Meng Zhixiang rebel.

In May of the fourth year of Tiancheng (929), in order to strengthen the rule of Jiannan Dongxichuan, Mingzong sent Li Renju, a Hakka ambassador, to pay tribute to Sichuan provinces. After being rejected, he was afraid that it would become uncontrollable for a long time, so he set up Baoning Army in Langzhong, Dongchuan (today's Langzhong, Sichuan) and Guo (today's Nanchong, Sichuan) and appointed Li Renju as our special envoy. In addition, Wu Xin ordered Xia Zhen to defend Suizhou (ruling Fang Yi, now Suining, Sichuan) and constantly increased his troops to contain the two rivers. When Dong Zhang and Meng Zhixiang saw this scene, they were deeply frightened. They abandoned their old enmity for the time being and joined forces to rebel.

In the first month of the following year, Dong Zhang built seven villages in front of Jianmen (now northeast of Jiange, Sichuan), and then set up Yongding Pass in the north of Jianmen, lit a bonfire and gathered militia guards to prevent Tang Jun from entering Sichuan. So Meng Zhixiang and Dong Zhang made an appointment to arise at the same time. Take Sui and Lang states first, and then work together to keep the sword gate, so as to relieve the internal troubles of the imperial army. In September, Dong Zhang led tens of thousands of soldiers to conquer Langzhou and kill Li Renju. Meng Zhixiang took Li as the viceroy, Zhao as the deputy viceroy and Zhang Ye as the pioneer viceroy, and led 30,000 troops to attack Suizhou. Xia held fast to the city and sent Ma Jun to lead Kang out of the city to fight. In the fierce battle, Kang learned that Langzhou had been captured and led his troops to surrender. Xia committed suicide. Mingzong learned that the city had fallen, and Tian Xiong ordered Shi Jingtang to recruit soldiers for Dongchuan camp, and Wang Sitong, the right-back general, stayed in Xijing, and all the troops waited to enter Sichuan to discuss. At that time, Meng Zhixiang, Zhang Wu, the ambassador of Shu, and Yuan Yanchao, the deputy commander-in-chief, led the navy to Kuizhou (Fengjie, Sichuan) to stop Tang Jun from advancing westward and recruit soldiers for Xialu. Dongchuan also captured Hehe (now Hechuan, Sichuan), Ba (now Bazhong, Sichuan), Peng (now Weinan, Sichuan), Guo (now Nanchong, Sichuan) and other states. On the 10th day of November, when Dong Zhang split his troops and marched into Qianzhou (now Pengshui, Sichuan) and Fucheng (now Fuling, Sichuan), Shi Jingtang led his troops into Sanguan (now Dasanling, southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi). On 13th, Wang Sitong led the vanguard troops to the top of the mountain (now southwest of Guangyuan, Sichuan), detoured to the south of Jianmen, raided Jianmen Pass, killed more than 3,000 Dongchuan soldiers, and all the prisoners were in command. Following broken arrow Prefecture (now Jiange, Sichuan), because the army did not arrive, they burned down the house, robbed the grain and handed over the sword gate. When Meng Zhixiang heard that Jianmen was lost, he snapped an order to let Li Zhao's troops sprint 5000 times. First, according to Jianzhou, an envoy was sent to Suizhou, and Zhao was ordered to lead 10,000 people to follow up and strengthen the troops of Jianzhou. At the same time, Li Yun, our envoy from Yongping, Shu, led 4,000 troops to Longzhou (southeast of Pingwu, Sichuan) to guard the emergency and prevent Tang Jun from entering Shu through Wargo's old road. Dong Zhang also led the troops from Langzhou to Tunma Village (now southeast of Jiange, Sichuan). When I was stationed in Lei Su Village (now southeast of Jianmen, Sichuan), I gave the command to Pang Fucheng and Zhao Xin. When I heard that Jianmen was lost, I led the troops to Jianzhou and arrived that evening. After that, Tang Jun came down from Beishan. Pang and Xie Bing split up. Pang Fucheng led hundreds of troops around Tang Jun Camp, and then attacked noisily. Xie Gui led the rest to attack head-on. After that, Tang Jun was caught off guard and didn't know the actual situation. He fled in panic and handed over the sword door. He dared not play for more than ten days. Take the opportunity to deploy Zhao and Li to attack the mountain and river bridge (a stone bridge) behind Yacheng.

On the third day of December, Shi Jingtang led the army to Jianmen, and then led the troops to attack Jianzhou. Then, the infantry attacked the back hill of Yacheng and was repelled by Zhao. He also ordered the cavalry to attack the river bridge, which was blocked by Li Zhaoqiang's crossbow and difficult to get close to. At dusk, Shi Jingtang was forced to withdraw, was ambushed again, and retreated to Jianmen. By February of the following year, Shi Jingtang's conquest of the two rivers was blocked by Jianmen dangerous gorge, and it was difficult to March. So we didn't continue to transport grain and burned the camp to the north. The attack on the two rivers in the late Tang Dynasty ended in failure.

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