Zhang Zeduan works in Zhao Ji Han Lin Painting Academy in Song Huizong (in office11-1124). At that time, Bianjing was extremely prosperous, with four rivers passing through the city and four land routes. It used to be the national land and water transportation center, and its commercial development ranked first in the country. At that time, its population reached 654.38+0 million. There are many lively markets, shops and even night markets in Bianjing City.
On holidays, the capital is even more lively. In order to show the prosperity of Beijing, Zhang Zeduan chose the scene of Qingming, an important festival, and gave 59 performances. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival shows the land and water transportation and busy market in the capital of Northern Song Dynasty.
Second, a brief introduction to the Qingming Riverside Map
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is one of the top ten famous paintings handed down by China. It is a genre painting of the Northern Song Dynasty and the only masterpiece that Zhang Zeduan, a painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, has ever seen. This is a national treasure, which is now in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is 25.2 cm wide and 528.7 cm long, and it is in silk color. In the form of a long scroll, the work vividly records the city appearance of Tokyo, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty in China in the12nd century, and the living conditions of people from all walks of life at that time. It is a witness to the prosperity of Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and also a portrayal of the economic situation of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Three. Brief introduction of the author
Zhang Zeduan, a native of Langya Wu Dong (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province), Han nationality, now lives in Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan Province). Northern Song Dynasty painter. During the reign of Xuanhe, he served as Hanlin, and was good at drawing buildings, houses, trees and figures. The genre paintings of shops, bridges, streets and battlements are meticulous and accurate, and the image is like learning from childhood.
Extended information 1. Evaluation of Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival
The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is not only a treasure of realistic painting art, but also provides us with first-hand information on the detailed images of the capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty in terms of commerce, handicrafts, folk customs, architecture and transportation, which is of great historical document value. Its rich ideological connotation.
Bai Shouyi's "A General History of China (Color Picture Book)" comments on "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival": the whole volume depicts more than 500 people, more than 50 livestock, more than 20 vehicles, many houses, many props, huge scenes, clear paragraphs, tight structure and orderly. Skilled technique, meticulous pen, vigorous lines, dignified and sophisticated.
It embodies highly pure painting skills and outstanding artistic achievements. At the same time, because the painting was a social record at that time, it provided important historical materials for future generations to understand and study the urban social life in the Song Dynasty.
The Concise Encyclopedia of Britain, in its article Zhang Zeduan, commented on The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival: It is a long scroll of customs with important historical value, and the painter successfully described the life scenes of Bianjing City and its suburbs in Qingming Festival.
Mainly for workers and ordinary citizens. The handling of the relationship among people, buildings, cars, trees and water is very clever, with a strong sense of integrity and great historical value. Since then, the urban genre paintings painted in previous dynasties have been influenced by it.
Second, the story of Zhang Zeduan
A long time ago, there was a deep pool on the far west mountain. People make a living by watering the land and cooking. One night, a strong wind blew, causing trees to fall and houses to collapse. It turned out that a Huanglong flew in from other places and got into a deep pool. It eats people and animals, causing people to flee.
Zhang Zeduan is calculating gossip at the gossip desk, pinching fingers to figure it out. He picked up the Qinglong crutch and said "change". Qinglong crutch became Qinglong. Fuxi rode Huanglong to the deep pool, and Qinglong became a crutch again.
Zhang Zeduan took out a small copper pot from his body, lit it with flint, and burned it with firewood. In one hour, he could burn all the water in the world. Huanglong couldn't hold on, so an old man emerged from the pool.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival