Only in Zhou Muwang's time did he submit to the Zhou Dynasty. At the beginning of the week, Xu State was established in Sizhou, Anhui Province (the capital was first in Tancheng, Shandong Province, and then moved to Sihong County, Jiangsu Province and Sixian County, Anhui Province), which was the most powerful among Dongyi. It was defeated by Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period and destroyed by Wu in 5 12.
Shang history
When Yu was in the Xia Dynasty, Boyi made great contributions to Yu's water control, and his son won the title of Xu (now Pitan area) and established Xu State.
Later, in Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty and Western Zhou Dynasty, Xu Guoyi was one of the powerful vassal states.
Western Zhou Dynasty
Now, he sent troops to crusade against Xu, trying to bring him to heel, but without success. By the Spring and Autumn Period, when Xu Yanwang was in China, there were 32 countries (Han Feizi was 36 countries).
From the period to the period, wars between the Western Zhou Dynasty and Xu were very frequent. Xu took part in the rebellion of the Shang Dynasty's remnant nobles headed by Wu Geng against the Zhou Dynasty, and rebelled against the Zhou Dynasty's crusade. Xu Wangju ice cream directly attacked the Zhou Dynasty and hit the Yellow River. Many people are proud of "the late Lord Jun Xi asked for help".
Zhou Gongdan's sons Lu Gong and Bo Qin often clashed with Xu Guofeng.
During the reign of Zhou Muwang, Xu Yanwang, a wise man, won the throne. He was kind and won the support of the people. During this period, 32 countries around Xu paid tribute to Xu. After the national strength became strong, Xu Yanwang attacked the capital of the Zhou Dynasty on a large scale and almost won. After defeating Xu, he lived in seclusion in the deep mountains of Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). Therefore, named his descendants, continue to rule Xu.
Since then, the state of Xu has enjoyed several hundred years of peace.
the Spring and Autumn Period
Please refer to the second childe incident.
In the summer of 5 12 BC (the third year of He Lv, the king of Wu), Wu sent envoys and ordered Guo Xu and Zhong You to hand over Yan Yu and Zhu Yong, sons who led the troops abroad. Relying on the powerful Chu State as the backstage, the two countries refused to accept it and sent their second son to Chu State without authorization. King Chu Zhao was so happy that he immediately sent important officials to meet him and let them stay in Yang Di (now shenqiu county, Henan). Then, he ordered Yan and Sajima to guard the cultivated city, and sealed the city father in the northeast and the lake field in the southeast to the second son, in an attempt to use the second son to harm the State of Wu.
This gave the prince of Wu an excuse to send troops. In the winter of May12, the King of Wu sent Sun Wu and Wu Zixu to crusade against Guo Xu and Zhong You.
Be destroyed
Because of the "two childe incident", Xu was invaded by Wu. Because his army was vulnerable and was destroyed by Wu.
In fact, it can also be said that Chu and Wu have been eating into their own country, so they have perished.
After the demise
After Xu's subjugation, his grandson took the original country name "Xu" as his surname, which was one of the origins of Xu's family. Jing 'an, Jiangxi is considered to be Xu's last hometown. From June 5th to1October 6th, 2007, an ancient tomb of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty was discovered in Lizhou 'ao, Shuikou Township, Jing 'an County. According to the analysis of the tomb by archaeologists and others, it is believed that the tomb was buried with the concubines of Zhang Yu, the last monarch of Xu in the Spring and Autumn Period. This archaeological discovery further proves that Jing 'an in Jiangxi is the last stronghold of Xu.
statistics
Xu Guo is 1649, with 44 generations of kings.
1, Dayu inherited his father's ambition to control water and succeeded to the throne of Shun. In the process of Dayu's successful water control, he was supported by Boyi. Dayu planned to preach in Boyi in his later years, but Boyi, who was weak, took the initiative to give way to Yu's son Qi and lived in seclusion in the north of Jishan. In the sixth year of Xia Qi, Boyi was killed. In order to win the hearts of the people, Boyi was buried with a generous gift, and at the same time, the second son of Boyi was named Ruomu, that is, south-central Shandong and Tancheng areas. This is the founding of Guo Xu. Since then, Xu people have taken the country as their surname, and the main branches of Xu have also multiplied, developed and expanded. If it is wood, it will become the Xu's blood ancestor basically recognized by later generations.
2. At the end of Shang Dynasty, especially in Zhou Dynasty, Xu's national strength was relatively strong. Zhou has always considered Zhou's opponent, so he is not at ease with Xu and often goes out to war. On this point, there are many records in the Book of Songs. Xu retreated to Sihong and moved south, where he continued to grow and develop. At this time, Xu led the army to the western expedition to Zhou Dynasty as the head of the vassal. Zhou Muwang was afraid and recognized Xu Jun as the leader of the vassal.
3. In the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty, Guo Xu was introduced into Xu Yanwang and revived in Huaisi area. According to historical records, "Xu Yanwang is located in the east of the Yangtze River, 500 miles away, with benevolent people and benevolent government, and there are six out of 30 countries." Xu's revival aroused the concern of the Western Zhou Dynasty, so he ordered to send troops to the State of Chu to carry out a crusade. Xu Yanwang is merciful and can't bear to kill his people. In 963 BC, he abandoned his country and went to the foot of Dongshan Mountain in Wuyuan County, Pengcheng. Tens of thousands of people followed him. The so-called Dongshan in Wuyuan County is in the northwest of Pizhou today, and Dongshan was later called Xushan.
4. After Xu's defeat, he led some Xu people south to Ningbo, Zhejiang by sea. So today, Xu is also a famous family in Zhejiang. Xu Yanwang was finally hunted down, and she jumped into the sea with her jewels and died. After the defeat, Zhou was forced to make his second son Baozong a knight, making Pengcheng his capital and continuing to rule Xu. This is the origin of today's Liangwangcheng. It was in Zhou (922- 900 BC).
5. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the Seven Chivalrous Men were autonomous, and Xu once again moved south to the Huaisi area at the junction of Huainan and Jiangbei Jiangsu and Anhui. At that time, Xu's national strength was weak, people were distracted and there was no strong resistance. He was sandwiched between great powers and lived cautiously. In 5 12 BC, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, crossed the Huaihe River to cut Xu and flooded Xu with Surabaya. Xu Wang put Zhang Yu on a piece of paper.
China Xu surname Zongling
Tied himself up and led his wife to ask Fu Cha to protect his land, but Fu Cha was not sure. Zhang Yu fled to Chu with the royal family, and Xu lost his title.
If Mufeng Xu, Xu experienced Xia, Shang, Zhou and 44th dynasties, and his life span exceeded 1500 years.
Third, the change of Xu Capital.
Xu's capital has also moved several times. During the migration of 1500 years, there are mainly textual researches:
The first is Tancheng, Shandong. According to the research results of historians, Xu was first sealed in Tancheng, south of the northeast of Mount Tai in Shandong Province. Hanshu Village in Sishui, Shandong Province has the tomb of Bao Xu, the fifth monarch of Xu State. 200 1, 10, Tancheng county government designated Bao Xu Tomb as a county-level cultural relics protection unit.
The second is the procedure in Hongze Lake area. There is a Xiangcheng village in Taiping Township, Sihong County. "City" refers to the city built in Xu Yanwang. Xiangcheng is named after a powder building of Xu Yanwang's concubines in the city.
The third is Liangwangcheng (Liangwangcheng) in Pizhou. At present, Liangwangcheng in Pizhou (including Jiunvdun, Goose Duck Town and other sites) can be determined as the largest and longest-lasting capital of the late ancient Syrian state. After three consecutive excavations, a total of 22 ash pits 122 tombs, 22 houses 1 1 22 houses and more than 1,000 unearthed cultural relics 1000 were found. There used to be a place name of "Golden Temple" in the local area, and nine bronze bells 19 pieces of court instrumental music were unearthed, and the inscription "For Prince Xu and Sun Yongbao" was engraved. Zhang Zhihan, an expert, said in "On Ancient Xuzhou": "The capital of Xu is in Xiapi. This refers to the established Xuzhou. Of course, Xu Yanwang should return to the motherland in Xiapi and build its capital in Xiapi. " The political activities of "Liangwangcheng" are recorded in Historical Records, which can prove that Liangwangcheng is a political center city and a promised land-closed city.