Summary of Climate Characteristics of Jiangxi Province from June 5438+0 to March 2005; Zhang Chaomei, Jiangxi Environmental Forecasting Center from June 5438+0 to March 2005, the overall climate characteristics of Jiangxi Province were: low temperature, more precipitation in the north and less sunshine in the south. The main climatic events are: the rare continuous rainy (snowy) weather in winter from May 438 to February, the foggy weather process with the widest range, the longest duration and the lowest visibility in recent five years from May 438 to October, and the rare cold wave rain and snow weather process in March. From June to March, 2005, the precipitation in the whole province was more in the north and less in the south, with 449 mm in the north of Jiangxi, 2.2% more than normal, and 366 mm in the middle of Jiangxi, which was the same as normal. Gannan is 328 mm, less than 0.9%. The monthly precipitation in 65438+ 10 is more in the north and less in the south, and in the north of Jiangxi 102 mm, which is 2.8% more than normal. 78 mm in central Jiangxi, which is the same as normal; Gannan 30 mm, less than 5.3%. In February, there was more precipitation in the whole province, with 2 17 mm in northern Jiangxi, which was 1 times more than normal, ranking second in the same period in history, second only to1959. The values in central Jiangxi and southern Jiangxi are175mm and124mm, respectively, which are 6. 1% and 1% higher than normal. Among them, the precipitation in mid-February was unusually high, and all localities generally ranked in the top five in the same period of the previous year, with 26 counties and cities hitting new highs in the same period. In March, the precipitation in the whole province was less. The precipitation in the north, middle and south is130mm,13mm and174mm respectively, which is 2.8%, 3.8% and 0.6% less than normal. From June to March, 2005, the average temperature in the whole province was low, with 0.5 ~ 0.9℃ lower in the northeast of Jiujiang and south of Gannan, 1.0 ~ 1.8℃ lower than normal. The average temperature in 10 is 65438 0.9℃, which is 65438 0.0 ~ 2.3℃ lower than normal except in northeast Jiangxi and south Jiangxi, and 47 counties and cities in the whole province rank among the top 5 in the same period in history. At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, there was obvious freezing weather everywhere. 65438+ 10/month 1 day, the minimum temperature is -7 ~-4℃ in northern Jiangxi, -5 ~-3℃ in southern Jiangxi, and the minimum temperature for water repair is -8.0℃. In February, the average temperature in southern Jiangxi was 0. 1 ~ 0.3℃ higher than that in other parts of the province. 1.0 ~ 2.3℃ lower. The temperature was 3 ~ 4℃ lower in most areas in the year, and the temperature was so low that 32 counties and cities ranked the first 3 ~ 5 in the same period in history. The average temperature in March was 0. 1 ~ 0.9℃ lower than normal in most areas and 1.0 ~ 1.3℃ lower in some areas. From June to March, 2005, the average sunshine hours in the whole province were 157 h, which was less than102 h. Except that 1 1 ~ 18 h is less in the east of Jiujiang city, the rest areas are less than 20 ~ 63 h. 5438+ 10 The sunshine hours in June are 48 hours, 49 hours less than normal. Except for Jiujiang City and Fuzhou City, which are less than 4 ~ 19 h to the east, the rest areas are less than 20 ~ 74 h.. The sunshine hours in February were 33 hours, 45 hours less than normal. Among them, most parts of the province are 39 ~ 89 h less. In March, the sunshine hours were 76 hours in the north and less in the south, which was 8 hours less than normal. Among them, most areas in northern Jiangxi are more than 2 ~ 26 h, and those in central Jiangxi and southern Jiangxi are less than 3 ~ 52 h. The main climatic events in June 5438 ~ March 2005 are: (1) continuous rainy (snowy) weather in winter. 1~ In February, except for most rainy days in Jiujiang, the rainy days in other parts of the province generally reached more than 40 days, and some reached 52 days. 2 1 The number of rainy days in counties and cities reached a new high in the same period. From 65438+1October 1 1 to 13, obvious rain and snow weather occurred in most areas of Jiangxi. From 08: 00 on 12 to 08: 00 on 13, the amount of rain and snow in most parts of the province is generally 5 ~ 20 mm, among which Ji 'an, Fuzhou, the south of Shangrao City and the north of Ganzhou City generally have moderate to heavy snow; At 08: 00 on 03+65438, the snow depth in 33 counties and cities was ≥2 cm, 12 counties and cities was ≥5 cm, and Jinggangshan 16 cm was the deepest. From February16 to 20, due to the influence of strong cold air and warm and humid air flow, there was a rare freezing disaster weather in Lushan. The diameter of accumulated ice is 62 mm, the weight reaches 704 g/m, and the minimum temperature drops to-10℃ on the 20th, which is rare in recent years. (2) Large-scale foggy weather process. 65438+1October 14 ~ 17, a foggy weather process with the widest range, the longest duration and the worst visibility occurred in Jiangxi in recent five years. From night to morning, most areas are shrouded in dense fog, and the visibility is generally below 500 meters, and some areas are less than 50 meters. Among them, the fog coverage area monitored by satellite remote sensing reached102,000 km2 at 4 am on June 5438+05, accounting for 6 1% of the province's land area. (3) Rare cold wave, rain and snow weather process in spring. The snowfall occurred from 10 to 13 in March, which was a cold wave weather process with the largest snow area and the deepest snow depth in March since Jiangxi had meteorological records. At 08: 00 on March 12, 2005, the snow depth at Hukou 13 cm exceeded the historical maximum (9 cm at Ruichang 1970 on March 6). In history, there are only three In the snow in Nanchang, namely 1957 March 13 (with a snow depth of 2 cm), 1985 March1(3 cm), 1988 March 2 (658. From June 5438 to March 2005, Jiangxi Agricultural Meteorological Center commented on the weather and climate impact in Jiangxi Province. From June 5438 to March 2005, the average temperature in the province was low, the sunshine was less, and the precipitation in the north was obvious, which had a negative impact on the growth of overwintering crops such as rape, winter wheat and citrus. It was rainy in the middle and late March, which made the spring sowing date slightly delayed compared with normal years. In June, 2005, the temperature in the whole province was low 1 ~ 2℃. Among them, 47 counties and cities have the lowest temperature in the same period in history; The precipitation is 8 ~ 136 mm, which is more in the north and less in the south; Sunshine is less than 6 ~ 70h；; The extreme minimum temperature in the province is -7.9℃. Due to rainy weather, less sunshine and high relative humidity of soil, the root growth of overwintering crops and bolting of rape buds are affected to some extent. Except for the obvious sunny, cold and freezing weather at the beginning of the month, the endless cold weather is conducive to the safe overwintering of crops. In February 2005, the temperature in the whole province was low, with more precipitation and less sunshine. In the middle of last year, it was still rainy, the sunshine was insufficient, and the soil relative humidity was high, which was not conducive to the growth of overwintering crops such as rape. Good weather conditions in the later period are conducive to the growth and development of various crops. During the month, rape was in bud stage-flowering stage, and the accumulated temperature of growth period reached 987 ~ 2 143℃, and the development periods of Ruichang, Yugan and Hukou were delayed11~ 28 days. The plant height is 5 ~ 27 ㎝, and the second-class seedlings are the main ones. The planting density in leping city is 1.064× 105 plants /hm 2. The accumulated temperature of spring corn in Yifeng is less than 5 1℃ from the end of the month. In March 2005, the temperature in the whole province was slightly lower, the precipitation was less 1 ~ 50%, and the sunshine in northern Jiangxi was more. At the beginning of the mid-term, there were/kloc-0 times of obvious gale, cooling and snowfall, which had great influence on the growth of crops and cash crops such as rape, citrus, spring tea, greenhouse vegetables and medicinal materials. It was rainy in the month, and the sowing date of early rice in most areas was slightly delayed; However, the temperature is basically stable above 10℃, and there is no obvious cold weather in the vernal equinox, and there are basically no rotten seeds and seedlings in the province. As of March 3 1, the total seed soaking amount of early rice in the province reached more than 37.55 million kilograms, and the planting area (referring to the transplantable part) was nearly 956 thousand hm 2；; The cotton seedling in Jiujiang nutrition bowl reached 2. 1 10,000 hm 2. From June 5438 to1October1day to June 5438+03, 2005, there was obvious rain and snow in most areas of Jiangxi. From 08: 00 on June 5438+02 to 08: 00 on June 5438+ On March 1 1 ~ 12, there was an obvious process of strong wind cooling and snowfall in Jiangxi, and snow appeared in 55 counties and cities, which was the weather process with the largest snow area and the deepest snow depth in March since Jiangxi had meteorological records. Strong winds and snowfall have seriously affected the growth of crops and cash crops such as rape, citrus, spring tea, greenhouse vegetables and medicinal materials. According to incomplete statistics, the affected area of crops in the whole province is about 80,000 hm 2, including 6000 hm 2, more than 0,000 frozen livestock/kloc-0, and the direct economic loss of agriculture is more than 80 million yuan. Comments on the Important Weather Process in Jiangxi Province from June 5438 to March 2005 Yin Jie 1 Fog Process of Jiangxi Environmental Forecasting Center From June 5438 to March 2005, the number of days of regional fog in Jiangxi Province (fog at more than 15 stations every day) * * was 12 d, which was more than normal. Among them, the fog on June 65438+1October1April-June 17 was a fog process with the widest range, the longest duration and the worst visibility in Jiangxi in recent five years. Visibility is generally less than 500 meters in most areas and less than 50 meters in some areas, which has a serious impact on transportation and other departments (table 1). 2 Rainstorm Process From June to March, 2005, there was only one regional rainstorm day in Jiangxi (more than 10 station): 16 February, there was a rainstorm at 18 station in northern Jiangxi and southern Jiangxi. 3 cold wave process in March 2005 10 ~ 1 1, there was a cold wave process from north to south in the whole province. The average daily temperature in the whole province generally drops 12 ~ 14℃, reaching 16℃ in some areas, and the daily minimum temperature in the north and central Jiangxi drops to-1. 4 Heavy Snow Process From June to March, 2005, there were two heavy snow processes in Jiangxi: (1) 12, 08:00 ~ 13:00. Except in the northwest of Jiangxi, the amount of rain and snow was generally 5 ~ 20 mm, in Ji 'an, Fuzhou and the south of Shangrao. (2) On March 12, there were obvious snowfalls in northern and central Jiangxi, and snow appeared in 55 counties and cities in the province, of which the snow depth in 26 counties and cities was ≥5cm, and the snow depth in Hukou and Lushan was 13 cm. This snowfall is a heavy snow weather process with the largest snow area and the deepest snow depth in March since Jiangxi has meteorological records. 5 gale process in March 2005 1 1 day, affected by strong cold air, 8 ~ 9 northerly winds appeared in 9 counties and cities in northern Jiangxi.