First, in the early Paleolithic period, stone tools were relatively simple. Generally, natural gravel is flattened and then slightly processed. Stone tools are irregular in shape, but they have many uses.
Middle Paleolithic Age: At this time, the stone tools were more complicated, the beating technology was greatly improved, and the processing was more refined.
Late Paleolithic Age: At this time, the stone tools have appeared perforation and polishing technology.
1. Stone core stone tools: also known as gravel stone tools. Cut stone chips from gravel or stones and use the remaining stone cores as tools. The triangular pyramid sharp weapon in Ding Cun site is made by alternately striking two or three sides. Traditionally, gravel tools with two edges are called knockers and those with one edge are called chopping tools. When they are processed around gravel, they become round stone balls, but the division of the above uses is not obvious.
2. Stone chips: Stone tools made of stone chips, such as scrapers and pointers. The scraper is processed on one or more sides of the stone. There are short scraper, long scraper, round scraper, edge scraper and so on. This is due to the different processing parts and forms of blades. The pointer is sharpened along the adjacent edge of the stone piece to facilitate piercing and cutting. Other weapons, such as laurel leaf shun, spear head, arrow, etc., appeared a little later, and most of them were carefully processed on both sides, which also belonged to this shape. The carver is a vertical short blade at the top of the stone piece, which can be used to carve bone horns and their works of art. The two-end device is a typical relic of Beijing culture, made of the stone piece by smashing and the traces of hitting at both ends. In addition, rough stone knives with notches on both sides of stone chips were harvesting tools of Yangshao culture in Neolithic age.
It is speculated that in the process of human formation, when natural sticks and stones were used for food and defense for a long time, it was found that it was more labor-saving to cut things with the sharp edges produced by gravel crushing, so I was inspired to hit the stones and break them to make suitable tools.
Second, the Neolithic Age, the Neolithic Age can always be used in the Bronze Age and the Bronze Age. In some areas, some ground stone tools were still used until 18 ~ 19 century.
Great progress has been made in stone tool manufacturing technology. First of all, there are certain requirements for the selection, cutting, grinding, drilling and carving of stone materials. After the stone is selected, make the prototype of the stone tool first, then put the blade or the whole surface on the grindstone and polish it with water and sand. This becomes a grinding stone tool. The variety of stone tools in the Neolithic Age increased greatly.
A large number of agricultural, handicraft and fishing and hunting tools were unearthed in the early ruins, including axes, hoes, shovels, chisels, trowels, spears, grindstones, nets and so on. Later plows, knives, hoes and sickles were added.
Meteorite: Meteorite is a mixture of stone, iron or stone-iron, also known as "meteorite", which is the material scattered on the surface of the earth or other planets by unburned cosmic meteors outside the earth. Most meteorites come from the asteroid belt, and a few come from the moon and Mars. Meteorites are usually divided into three categories according to the content of iron and nickel: stone meteorites, iron meteorites and stone iron meteorites. The content of iron and nickel metals in meteorites is less than or equal to 30%; The content of iron and nickel metals in stone iron meteorites is between 30% and 65%. The content of iron and nickel metals in iron meteorites is greater than or equal to 95%. Because most meteorites fall in sparsely populated areas such as oceans, weeds, forests and mountains, only dozens of meteorites are found and collected every year, and the number is very small. Most of them fall from the sky and have different shapes. 20 16 65438+ 10 In October, researchers from Curtin University in Australia discovered a meteorite with a history of 4.5 billion years in the Aier region of southern Australia. It came from outside the orbit of Mars and entered the Earth's atmosphere on 20 15+0654381October 27th.