The magistrate of a county has changed his name many times, and it is even harder to sit still when he takes office.
19 1 1 year, county offices all over the country were renamed as county offices during the Qing government, and the chief executive was renamed as a county magistrate from a magistrate. By the autumn of 1926, the national government was reformed, and the county government was renamed as the county government, and the county governor was renamed as the county magistrate. Party and government are integrated, and the general county magistrate is party member. After 1932, the party and government were separated.
The county magistrate can take office in three ways: 1. Passed the county magistrate examination sponsored by the Ministry of the Interior. 2. Directly appointed by the provincial government. 3. Appointed directly by the garrison at that time. Among them, passing the exam is the most difficult.
The admission rate of county magistrate examination is extremely low. According to historical records, the General Political Department of Jiangxi Province held four county magistrate admission examinations and admitted 63 candidates, but actually only 12 people were admitted. This shows that you may still be eliminated after passing the exam. Even as a county magistrate, there will be a strict inspection system during his term of office. In history, there are few county magistrates who leave at the expiration of their term of office.
Take Pingxiang County in Jiangxi Province as an example. During the thirty-eight years from the early years of the Republic of China to liberation, there were 13 governors and 29 county heads. Converted, the average term of office of each chief executive is less than 1 1 month, and the term of office is less than 3 months, and the longest is less than 5 years. Among them, the reasons are the constant change of top leaders, the constant contradiction between the military and the government, the reaction of the people and the constraints of management laws and regulations.
The county magistrate needs to pay for the low-paid inventory and manage everything in the county.
During the Republic of China, the county magistrate also implemented a supporting system, which required secretaries, officers and other supporting personnel. Every time a county magistrate changes, the management of the county will undergo major changes. In this way, every time the county magistrate changes, the resources, finance and transportation of the county should be inspected, and all expenses should be paid by the new county magistrate himself.
Huge financial expenditure sometimes exceeds the salary of the county magistrate. Some county magistrates embezzle and plunder the people's fat and paste in order to make up for the vacancy. Corruption will lead to confrontation between the government and the people, and the people will be uneasy, which will lead to the decline of political achievements and the dismissal of the county magistrate.
In order to secure the position of the county magistrate, everyone has his own brilliant idea. Some county magistrates stayed in the army for a while and made friends with warlords; Some county magistrates tried to get in touch with a senior official and called him a protected person or relative. And some county magistrate tried to get it? Official charm? . ? Official charm? It has existed for a long time, and the official protection symbols in Jinling City are mentioned in A Dream of Red Mansions.
Sometimes? Official charm? It's just a picture. 1947 When he was appointed as the order of Linze County, he encountered the warlord problem as soon as he took office. He thought about it, asked Ma Bufang for a photo of him and hung it in his office. The warlord went to the county magistrate's office to see the photos and restrained a lot. During the period of warlords' melee, the county magistrate had no freedom and was forced to become a tax collection tool for warlords.
Most of the former county magistrates wanted to make money and leave. The strange phenomenon was caused by the national conditions.
Let the Bullets Fly tells the story of officialdom chaos in the Republic of China. Soup stock buyer was triumphant when he took office, but he was ambushed by Grand Theft Auto Zhang. Tang became a prisoner. In order to save his life, he lied that he was asking questions and praised Zhang Mu as the county magistrate. Zhang turned into a horse and went with soup.
Huang Shiro, the bully in the town, learned the news and became interested in horses, so he became an official. Huang Shirang is the boss of the county at ordinary times, because he is a soldier and smuggles arms. It is estimated that the horse is just a straw bag and doesn't know his true identity at all. Zhang, who originally wanted to make money, was very angry when he saw Huang Shirang's oppression of the people after he took office, which inspired his enthusiasm for saving the country and the people.
During the day, he is an honest official, and at night he is a hero who robs the rich and helps the poor. These actions touched the interests of Huang Shiro, and the forces of both sides were incompatible in the county. There is no room for two tigers in one mountain, and the fighting between the two sides is escalating.
There are always fairy tales on the screen. In reality, few county officials are honest, and most just want to get rich and run away. For example, Zhuanglang county magistrate acted recklessly when he was in office, embezzled public funds, and was unable to pay the bill when he left office. So, he thought of a way, that is, let the section chief run first to attract attention, and he used this situation to accuse the section chief. Unexpectedly, the section chief was caught halfway. In desperation, the county magistrate ran away and was blocked by the army halfway. Later, he absconded again, this time by the people.
The county magistrate of the Republic of China took a low salary and, under the command of many parties, took charge of all the tasks up and down in the county. In this state, there will always be deformed county heads, and without stable national conditions, it is difficult for county heads to do so.
References:
Political Parties, Party Struggles and Society in the Early Republic of China