The specific time of Yan's sealing was in the early years of Western Zhou Dynasty, between Zhou Wuwang's destruction of commerce and Zhou Chengwang's rule. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, he was named the imperial clan of Yan State, but he didn't go, and his eldest son Ke went to his post (according to the research of Yang Kuan's History of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Duke of Zhou was called to Yan State after his eastward expedition). Located in the north-central part of Beijing and Hebei ("Zhou Wuwang was destroyed and Zhao Gong was sealed in Beiyan"). Because the fief is in Yanshan, the country name is Yan. The capital of Yan State is Ji (located in Fangshan District, Beijing).
Guo Yan-Jianguo
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Yan had little contact with all parts of the Central Plains, and her culture was backward. In the early spring and autumn period, it almost died out. With the military help of Qi, it was preserved and further developed in the future.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the nobles of the Zhou Dynasty, the local old merchants and the local aborigines established a joint regime, which extended to northern Hebei and western Liaoning, and eliminated Hebei and Han. Make the original Donghu people in this area gradually integrate into the Chinese people.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Yan had little contact with all parts of the Central Plains since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and her culture was backward. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, he almost died of foreign invasion. In the 7th century A.D., Shan Rong attacked and attacked Zheng, Yan, Qi and other countries in the south. Therefore, Yan Huan was forced to move the capital to Linyi to avoid the intrusion of kindness and harmony. When Yan was invaded on a large scale, Zhuang Gong was defeated and turned to Qi for help. Only with the military help of Qi's "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries" can we avoid the doom of national subjugation. In order to save Yan, he sent troops to attack Shanrong, and "northern expedition to Shanrong, making branches, cutting solitary bamboo and returning to the south." Qi Huangong attacked the mountains, but also destroyed solitary bamboo, branches and endless countries.
A political crisis occurred in the state of Yan (Zuo Zhuan Gong). Gong Hui wanted to reuse lower-level officials instead of "doctors", but was opposed by upper-level nobles, so Gong Hui had to flee to Qi. The doctors supported the establishment of a new monarch, Yan State, to mourn the public, and adopted the strategy of disintegrating the Qi-Jin allied forces to restore the public's interests, so that Qi State could clearly understand the current situation of Yan State's support for the new monarch.
rise
In the early years of the Warring States, many countries carried out reforms in succession, but they were silent on political reforms and were in a state of slow development. In order to expand northward, Qi attacked Yan, and in the first 380 years, Qi captured Sancho of Yan. In the first 373 years, Yan defeated Qi in Linying. In the first 355 years, Qi invaded and plundered the land of Yishui in Yan State. With the timely support of Korea, Zhao and Wei, Yan repelled the Qi army many times and stopped its ambition. There is a threat from the East Lake in the north. At this time, the strategy of giving priority to defense is adopted for East Lake.
Yan state-development
Prosperous
323 years ago, Gongsun Yan initiated the "King of Five Countries" of Korea, Wei, Zhao, Yan and Zhongshan. 3 14 The former prince of Yan gave way to Xiangguozi, but the prince refused to accept it, made an insurrection and was killed in failure. Qi and Zhongshan took the opportunity to cut Yan, and the defeat of Yan was almost wiped out, and the prince and son of Yan were killed. After withdrawing troops from the State of Qi, Yan worked as a son for Yan Zhaowang in Bill Han. After Zhao Haoqi ascended the throne, Huang Jintai was built, and scholars from all over the world "scrambled to swallow it". From Zhao Guolai, Zou Yan from Qi Guolai, and Xin from Zhao Guolai. (This section is modified according to Yang Kuan's Warring States Policy. ) Zhao Haoqi "hanged orphans and shared weal and woe with the people", and Le Yi presided over the state affairs for Yaqing. After 28 years of hard work, the originally weak Yan State has become a temporary power. In the first 284 years, Zhao Haoqi worshipped Le Yi as a general, and led the soldiers of the whole country to unite with Zhao, Chu, Han and Wei, and even captured more than 70 cities of Qi and killed the king. There are only Juxian County (now Juxian County, Rizhao City, Shandong Province) and Jimo. In 278 years ago, Zhao Haoqi died and Prince Yan Hui succeeded him. Qi Jimo's shoujiang Tian Dan used double ambush, while Yan Zhongyu used riding robbery instead of. In the first 279 years, Tian Dan defeated the Yan army with a fire bull array, and Qi recovered.
Invite people with wisdom and virtue.
After Wang Zhao acceded to the throne, he vigorously revived the State of Yan and avenged himself. Take Guo Kun's advice and recruit talents. Worship Guo Kun as a teacher, give him generous treatment, "grovel and pay a lot of money to recruit talents", build Huang Jintai, and "buy bones for 1000 yuan". As a result, scholars from various countries "compete with each other". Yan quickly concentrated a large number of talents from all walks of life. Three of them are the most famous: Su Qin, Le Yi and Zou Yan.
Zhao Haoqi "hanged orphans and shared weal and woe with the people", and later took Le Yi as Yaqing to preside over the state affairs. After 28 years of hard work, the originally weak Yan State has become a temporary power.
Pochi
Zhao Haoqi and later sent Su Qin to Qi, first persuading Qi Xuanwang to return the ten cities captured by predecessors during the civil strife in Yan, and then encouraging Qi to attack Song, alienating the relations between the two countries, and conducting diplomatic lobbying among princes such as Zhao Wuling, Wei Xiangwang, King Chu and Han Xiangwang.
In the first 286 years, the State of Qi destroyed the State of Song, which shocked all countries. Countries frequently fought against each other and promoted the establishment of an anti-Qi alliance. In the first 284 years, Zhao Haoqi took Le Yi as the general and led the national army to unite with Qin, Chu, Han, Zhao and Wei, and won a great victory. In five years, he attacked more than 70 cities in Qi State and killed them to avenge Qi's invasion of Yan. After this campaign, the territory of Qi was only in Juxian County (now Juxian County, Rizhao City, Shandong Province) and Jimo.
Fahu
Now, there is a general of Yan State who was held hostage by people of Yan State in East Lake, and people in East Lake trusted him very much. After returning to China, Qin Kai rose up and attacked East Lake, which was "more than a thousand miles". As a result, the border of Yan State was pushed eastward for more than 1000 miles, which greatly opened up the territory of Yan State, and Yan State immediately began to build the North Great Wall. The western end of the Great Wall starts from Yang Yang (now the northeast of Xuanhua County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province) and ends in Xiangping (now the north of Liaoyang City, Liaoning Province). [5]
Yan state-extinction
The battle of cutting Qi failed.
278 years ago, Yan Zhaowang died and Wang Hui, the prince of Yan, acceded to the throne. When Yan was a prince, there was discord. Jimo of Qi kept Tian Dan, knowing that the monarch and subjects of Yan were suspicious. Taking advantage of this, he used a double agent and took the bait to replace riding robbery. Worried about being killed, he fled to Zhao.
Riding and robbing is mediocre and incompetent, and there is no military talent. He replaced Le Yi as a general, which caused the morale of Yan State to be shaken. Tian Dan deliberately induced the robbers to make mistakes to inspire the morale of the Qi army. In the first 279 years, Tian Dan defeated the Yan army with a fire bull array, was killed by the Qi army, and the Yan army fled! !