Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Today in History - Dunhuang Tubo historical documents
Dunhuang Tubo historical documents
From studying in Wu, to Zhao Jun leaving the fortress, and then to Princess Wencheng entering Tibet, all these are the stories of ancient women in China who gave their lives for the world, the country and the people. The most difficult condition for the teacher to enter Wu, Zhao Jun to leave the fortress and Princess Wencheng to enter Tibet is that Princess Wencheng entered Tibet, starting from Chang 'an, the imperial capital of the Tang Dynasty, and heading all the way to the southwest plateau. Recently, it has been circulated on the Internet that Princess Wencheng is the little wife of Tubo Zanpasong Zangambu. Her married life is not very good, and she is often bullied, especially after the death of Songzan Gambo. This paper aims to reveal and restore a true story of Princess Wencheng.

Princess Wencheng is a special princess given by Li Shimin of Emperor Taizong, and the first daughter of Li Tangyuan. Prior to this, Tubo Zambson Zagambo sent envoys to the Tang Dynasty many times, demanding to marry the imperial princess of the Tang Dynasty, but was rejected. Songzan Gambu believed that the incident was caused by Tuyuhun's obstruction, so he sent troops to the plateau, defeated Tuyuhun, Tangut and Bai Lanqiang, and pushed the border of Datang, threatening not to kiss or fight.

Don't know how to compromise easily when threatened. I immediately sent troops to fight and defeated the Tubo army. I was so afraid of Songzan Gambu that I sent an envoy to apologize and sent a lot of gold, silver and jewelry to ask for another kiss. Emperor Taizong attracted the distant imperial daughter to marry him, which is also the reason why Princess Wencheng married Tubo. Princess Wencheng traveled over mountains and mountains to Lhasa.

Songzan Gambu was specially built for the arrival of Princess Wencheng. It is often circulated on the Internet that Princess Wencheng's status is much lower than that of Bhrikuti Devi (a princess of a Tubo vassal country). She is a little wife and is often bullied. That was not the case. According to the historical documents of Dunhuang in Tubo, Tubo people respectfully call Princess Wencheng "Zanmeng", and Zanmeng is the wife of Tubo Zanpu. Some scholars have suggested that the number of wives may not be one when Tubo implements the flat wife system, but Princess Wencheng is by no means a bullied little wife.

There are only three comments about Songzan Gambu concubines in Tubo history books, two of which are about Princess Wencheng, but Bhrikuti Devi's so-called Tubo history books are silent. Moreover, Princess Wencheng enjoys the privilege of being sacrificed by later generations, but other empresses of Songzan Gambu do not have this privilege, which shows that her status is much higher than others. Princess Wencheng built a huge temple in Tubo, and the life of monks in the temple was provided by Princess Wencheng alone.

Songzan Gambo died in 650 AD, and Princess Wencheng died in 680 AD, and she was widowed for 30 years. But this did not affect her life and power at all, and she did not participate in the military and political affairs of Tubo. She has great power to decide things that have nothing to do with the survival of Tubo. Princess Wencheng arranged for the replacement of the Buddha statue, and many Tibetan ministers obeyed without any delay or duplicity.

In religion, Princess Wencheng took the initiative to receive and support the Han monks who traveled to and from Tubo. In the later years of Princess Wencheng, there was some tension between Tubo and Tang Dynasty. She stepped in to ease the relationship between the two sides. After Songtsan Gambu's death, Princess Wencheng did not remarry or remarry, and marrying Songtsan Gambu's son was even more nonsense (Tubo did not have the bad habit of "having a wife and a mother and marrying a widow"). Princess Wencheng died of smallpox, and the Tubo dynasty held a grand funeral for her, and the Tang envoys came to the plateau to pay their respects. Moreover, there are still stone statues created by Tibetans to commemorate Princess Wencheng in Lhasa, which has a history of 1300 years.

Princess Wencheng and Wang Zhaojun are both great women in the history of China. They maintained the temporary peace at that time and promoted the integration of national cultures.

References: The Book of the New Tang Dynasty and Dunhuang Tubo historical documents.