Folk art is a plastic art form created by working people in China. It is associated with folk culture and folk culture, and reflects people's life, thoughts, emotions and wishes. With its simple shape, arbitrary decoration and perfect function, it meets the multi-level and multi-faceted needs of working people mentally and materially. Folk art is the foundation of all arts and an important part of China culture.
Women in Liaopu, located in Dongwan, have their own unique folk art in production, life, living customs and folk beliefs, which constitutes the unique historical and cultural features of Liaopu. The educational elements in Bipu culture include: the origin, legends and festivals of Mazu; The color, characteristics, significance and production of Beipu women's clothing; The shape, significance and decoration of headdress and earrings; Minnan nursery rhymes, etc.
Folk art has great use value for preschool education. Educators excavate, arrange and innovate the traditional folk art of the Chinese nation, so as to adapt it to the characteristics of the times and educational goals of the educated, and exert influence on the body and mind of the educated in a purposeful, planned and organized way to promote their all-round development education.
Second, the value of educational elements in Juepu culture
(A) to enhance children's aesthetic ability. The thinking characteristic of children is the concrete thinking of images, and children carry out thinking activities through the concrete things they see. At this time, children have a preliminary aesthetic perception and are curious about bright objects and lines. The traditional festivals in Liaopu Village are closely related to our lives. It is necessary to combine traditional festivals with children's artistic activities so that children can appreciate the colors and shapes of Liaopu costumes in traditional festivals. Patterns and patterns on headdresses; The colors, shapes and decorations on festivals can arouse children's interest and cultivate their aesthetic feeling. Let children understand the essence of beauty contained in a work of art, and correctly guide children to know what beauty is. Besides the perception of the shape and color of the work, what is more important is the spirit and emotion contained in the work.
(2) Inheriting national culture. The traditional festival is the biggest and most distinctive moment in Hengpu area, and it is a grand ceremony for the whole village. Due to the long-term diachronic development (time dimension) and regional evolution (space dimension), the connotation of folk culture presented by traditional festivals is not a single form, but a complex form, including social activities such as religion, belief, ethics, singing and dancing, skills and folk aesthetics. It reflects the emotional life of Beipu people and their yearning for a better life in a unique artistic form. In the teaching activities, children are guided to appreciate the scenes of people singing in traditional festivals. The costumes and floral decorations in Liaopu give them a deep understanding of the traditional festivals in Liaopu.
(3) Cultivate children's national spirit. Although there are many theories about the origin of traditional festivals, they all have the folk functions of praying for a bumper harvest and attracting light to welcome Fu Rui, among which the folk psychology and beliefs are to seek good fortune and avoid evil. Advantages: the unique symbol of Jiupu, the traditional festivals fully reflect the national character of Jiupu, and retain the ancient information of its origin and development; Putting beautiful flowers in your hair expresses people's yearning for a better life and their pursuit of a happy life.
Let children enjoy clothes, headdresses, activities, etc. Let the children know more about the traditional festivals in Liaopu. Then through painting, performance and other activities to stimulate children's love for the motherland, love for their hometown.
Thirdly, the educational suggestion of applying the elements of Juepu culture and education to children's art activities.
By exploring the educational value of Liaopu culture, the local art education elements in Liaopu culture are combined with kindergarten art activities. This can not only enrich the content of children's art activities, but also help to improve the professional level of teachers. Liaopu traditional culture contains rich and colorful artistic elements, and folk activities have special charm. The headdress presents unique folk customs in composition, color, modeling and pattern design, which reflects the love for life and the yearning for a better life. In my opinion, the following points can be used to apply the elements of Liaopu culture and education to children's art activities:
(1) target setting. Folk art education in kindergartens is an educational activity to inherit and carry forward traditional excellent national culture, stimulate national self-esteem, and cultivate children's interest, emotion and aesthetic ability in national culture and folk art. Therefore, we should set goals according to different types of teaching activities, including cognition, sports skills, emotional attitude and so on.
(2) Create a good environment with local characteristics. When holding activities with Liaopu cultural elements, kindergartens can be arranged in an environment with Liaopu characteristics. When people pass through the kindergarten, they can feel the strong fishing village culture. From corridors, stairs, corners to indoor and outdoor activities, fishing nets, headdresses, oyster shells and dried fish become the best materials to dress up the beautiful environment of kindergartens; All kinds of flowers have become beautiful and practical handicrafts under the skillful hands of Beipu people and teachers, and local cultural courses have been integrated into people's field activities.
(3) Field observation. Children can be organized to observe the "garden on the head" made by Aunt Juepu. "First tie up the long hair and tie it into a big bun, and then combine these budding or blooming flowers, including laughing flowers, magnolia flowers and jasmine flowers, with other small flowers to form an alternative wreath around the bun, with up to three small rings. Conditional classes can carry out special "Minnan Culture Class". Choose a suitable aunt, such as Li Pu, who is busy making portraits of her children, and explain while doing it. Let her insert an ivory chopstick horizontally in her bun, and then insert jade substitutes, silver combs, gold medals and so on. After about half an hour's work, the children's heads were decorated brightly, and this place became a small garden. For participating children, you can concentrate on watching around your aunt.
(4) Safety education. In the tradition of Hengpu, the ocean is an important part, and the safety at sea is the most important, which is of great educational significance to children. Young children are curious about the use of fire and water, but they don't know how to protect themselves. This requires safety education for young children, so that they know not to swim indiscriminately, how to use fire and water safely, what to do in case of danger, and how to stay away from dangerous waters.