Culture forms the characteristics of different regions. Wuxi is surrounded by mountains and lakes, and rivers and seas are connected. "Water makes people alive" and "Mountains make people real". Taihu Lake is beautiful, forming a Wuxi culture that is "inclusive, accessible, pragmatic and honest". The excavation of thirteen springs in Jiulong Mountain can eliminate the "kingly way", but it can't extinguish the aura of Wuxi. Scholars in the history of Wuxi are even more "three fights and six liters". Far away from the rivers and lakes, a large number of people who care about the country and the people have emerged in Wuxi, which has also formed a "people-oriented" Wuxi cultural feature. Cultural integration of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. Wuxi has a history of 3000 years, but its prehistoric culture can be traced back to 8000 years ago. The archaeological achievements of Pengzudun in Wuxi, Tongtoushan in Jiangyin and Camel Dun in Yixing show that as early as Hemudu-Majiabang culture period, Wuxi was rich in prehistoric culture. The sacrificial jade cong unearthed in Jiangyin is engraved with several stripe lines within one millimeter. Nephrite is as hard as metal, and the carving is amazing. In terms of people's livelihood, the prehistoric cultural characteristics of the Yangtze River include: the composition of rice, the origin of silk and ramie fabrics, and the utilization of raw lacquer. The Yangtze River basin is earlier than the Yellow River basin. The Yellow River culture is the royal family and royal family culture, which has occupied the mainstream position for many years. However, hegemony and successive wars have undermined the development of productive forces. As residents moved south to avoid chaos, the economic center gradually moved south. The Yellow River culture was brought to the south of the Yangtze River by four large-scale population migrations, namely, Taibo went to Wu in the Zhou Dynasty, the Northern War in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty and the Southern Crossing in the Song Dynasty. Taibo built water conservancy projects in Wuxi, bringing socialized production technology. Wuxi is a combination of Yangtze River culture and Yellow River culture, and Wuxi culture is earlier than Wu culture. The theory of "three ceding the throne" is worth studying. "My father and son are fighting for the world. I don't believe there is a cession king in the world." Taibo has been in Wu for nearly a hundred years, but later he established Wu County. Whether it is "avoiding" or "letting" is still worthy of textual research. The context of Wuxi culture. There are "three studies" in the literary world-Selected Works, Qian Xue and A Dream of Red Mansions, all of which are related to Wuxi. A study on the Selected Works compiled by Prince Zhaoming. 1,500 years ago, China's first collection of poems, Selected Works of Zhaoming, was compiled in Xiangshan Temple, Gushan, Jiangyin. Xiao Tong, Prince of Southern Liang Dynasty, distinguished literature from "Classics, History, and Zi" based on the principle that "things are meditation, meaning belongs to vast algae" and collected more than 700 literary works from pre-Qin to Southern Liang Dynasty. Selected Works of Zhaoming became the teaching material of imperial examination education in Tang Dynasty and later-"The selected works are bad, but the scholar is half". Xiao Tong also left a sad and touching love story in Gushan Red Bean Garden, which was sung by literati in past dynasties. Xue Qian specializes in Qian Zhongshu. Qian Zhongshu, a master of Chinese studies, read widely, memorized thoroughly and mastered many languages, and "swept Tsinghua (library)" all his life. He led literary research with a strong sense of modernity, which not only made "western learning spread to the east", but also made China learn "western learning" and pushed China literature and art to the world. His 65-year-old manuscript "Guan Cone" quoted tens of thousands of documentary evidence from tens of thousands of works by more than 4,000 authors, which was widely quoted and opened and closed vertically and horizontally. Qian Zhongshu is known as "cultural Kunlun". Qian Mu, a master of Chinese studies across the Taiwan Strait, is also from Wuxi. He founded New Asia College (the predecessor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong) in Hong Kong. He wrote17 million words about the history of China's thoughts, Neo-Confucianism in the Song and Ming Dynasties, and hundred schools of thought studies. His academic thoughts all his life advocated "harmony without difference" and "harmony between man and nature". Draw a pulse "Mountains and rivers have clear sounds". Influenced by the mountains and rivers of Taihu Lake, Wuxi painters learn from nature and pay attention to "verve and charm". Gu Kaizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was regarded as the "ancestor of painting" by the painting circle, and he was also called "three unique skills"-"talent, painting and infatuation". Gu is good at drawing figures, paying attention to "writing the spirit with form, with both form and spirit", especially paying attention to "finishing the point" and thinking that "expressive spirit is blocked" Legend has it that he painted Vimalakīrti, which at first glance seemed alive. The charm of Goddess waterinfo was vividly displayed when she wrote Goddess waterinfo. "If the shoulders are cut, the waist looks simple", "If it is amazing, if it is graceful, if it is Youlong". Gu Kaizhi also initiated the theory of painting, integrating painting, discussing painting and evaluating painting. Gog Yi Gi and Gan Long commented on Ni Yunlin's paintings in the Yuan Dynasty: "Everyone in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties has a unique style and charm, and is known as the best in the world." Most of his paintings are Pingshan, sparse trees and thin stones. "A stone and a tree have their own interests." The artistic conception is clear, concise and detached, and the simple painting style of cherishing ink and gold sweeps away the dust and customs. Music Pulse Wu has a long musical tradition of "speaking with music" and "appreciating with culture". Zhou Yu's "History of the Three Kingdoms": "Song is wrong and cares", which shows that Zhou Yu is proficient in temperament. Music in the Book of Jin: "Wu Sheng's Zaqu, Out of Jiangnan". Silk and bamboo in the south of the Yangtze River are famous for being small, light, delicate and elegant, and "three silk and one bamboo" can form a band. "Tonight, I listen to your silk and bamboo, as if I heard the sound of nature." There are three sources of silk and bamboo in the south of the Yangtze River: Kunqu opera, Taoist music and wusheng songs. The first is Kunqu Opera, "Wuxi Qudao Sheng, since the start of the season." Wei Liangfu, Kunshan, and Huai Yu recorded in "Ji Chang Wen Yuan Song Collection" that "the tune of the throat was changed to a new level", which was later called "the tone of ink and wash". Those who participated in the reform of Kunqu Opera were Wuxi people Chen, Gu Weibin and Lu Chaojuan who were good at playing flute. Huishan clay figurine, the essence of Wuxi culture-national cultural heritage. Huishan clay figurines are world-famous and known as "the most oriental folk handicrafts". 1979 Deng Xiaoping visited the United States, and the gift for President Carter was the "Peking Opera Mask" of Huishan Clay Fighter Factory. So far, 23 foreign heads of state have visited Huishan clay figurine factory. Huishan clay figurines have been exhibited in Toronto, France and other countries, and exported to more than ten countries such as Europe and Japan. At the end of last year, China arts and crafts masters Yu Xianglian and Wang Nanxian's hand-made operas were exhibited in Taiwan Province, causing a sensation. Zisha ceramics-booming international art market. Recently, it was reported that "Chongqing was surprised to see the spring pot in the Ming Dynasty at a price of180,000 yuan", and the antique market once again set off a purple sand fever in Yixing. Gong Chun, also known as Gong Chun, was an Yixing Zisha artist in Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty, and was also called the Three Masters of Zisha Pot with Shi Dabin and Chen Mingyuan. Their works are all national treasures. Yixing Zisha resumed exporting famous works in 1970s. Since 1980s, there has been a collection craze in Hong Kong and Taiwan, and the wonderful art of purple sand pottery has been gradually recognized. There were 16 kinds of writings on purple sand pottery in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and there were more than 40 famous purple sand artists since the records of monks in Jinsha Temple in Ming Dynasty. Xu Xiutang's Purple Sand in China recorded 8 celebrities in Ming and Qing Dynasties, 8 in the Republic of China, 7 in the 1950s, 5 masters of arts and crafts in China, 4 masters of arts and crafts in the province, and celebrities in the province 10. Since 19 15, it has won many awards in San Francisco Panama International Competition, Chicago World Expo and Leipzig World Expo. Purple sand craftsmen have many cars, and the number is countless. Purple sand pottery is promising. Jichang garden-the best landscape garden. China's garden art is a synthesis of natural environment, architecture, poetry and painting, couplets and sculpture. "There are pictures in poems, and there are poems in paintings", "Gardens follow the poems and create the environment with their heart", and garden art represents a very high artistic realm. Gardens are the combination of poems and paintings, and famous gardeners are the combination of poets and painters. Those who appreciate gardens should also have the "heart of nymphs" in order to appreciate the elegant and noble artistic conception of classical gardens.