First, the great practice across history. From Qin Feizi sealing Qin, to Qin Xianggong establishing a vassal state, and then to Qin Shihuang unifying China, Qin experienced 37 generations of kings in about 678 years, and made great efforts. Almost every historical stage has withstood the severe test of war and major social changes. Qin culture is constantly developing, upgrading, supplementing and perfecting in social unrest, dynasty change and frequent disputes, and each dynasty has given it new contents and definitions. Therefore, under unprecedented historical conditions, Qin culture has developed through arduous exploration, repeated experiments, summing up historical experience and lessons, and through generations of Qin ancestors grasping development opportunities and leading social changes, and in great practice across the century. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it once reached the peak of history and became the most advanced culture in China.
The second is the cultural vision of "all rivers run into the sea". Qin has always adopted an inclusive attitude towards foreign cultures, and since then, it has paid attention to introducing talents and absorbing foreign cultures. In the Qin dynasty, the academic atmosphere of "accepting people from six countries" appeared. However, Li Si's marching orders said that "the pearl of the bright moon hangs down, the sword of Tai 'a is served, the flag of Cuifeng is built on a horse separated by fibers, and the drum feeling of the tree spirit is like a scorpion, so that Qin is not born", and that "those who are happy in a foreign country will abandon the jar and knock, taking Zheng and Wei instead of playing Zheng and Zhao. During the reign of Qin Shihuang, he paid attention to the absorption of rites and music, and "learned from the rites of the six countries of China and adopted its goodness". He also allowed students from six countries to compile Lu Chunqiu, and adopted various theories, showing a broad vision of "Mount Tai does not allow soil". Although there have been phenomena of "burning poetry books, revealing the law, forbidding Confucianism" and "burying Confucianism with Vatican books", this is only an expedient measure to implement the administrative system and has not affected the prosperity of Qin culture.
Third, the policy of "rivers and seas don't choose small streams" to recruit talents and talents. During the 144 years after Qin Xiaogong established Xianyang as its capital, Qin has been the cradle of political contention, and "open door" is a fine tradition of Qin. Qin vigorously introduced talents from six countries and absorbed a lot of new information and ideas from outside, such as Shang Yang, Su Qin and Zhang Yi in Qin Huiwen's period, Fan Sui and Cai Ze in Qin Zhaowang's period, Li Si, Han Fei, Wei Xuan and Zheng Guo in Qin Shihuang's period. They were all famous people with lofty ideals in the six countries at that time. "Scholars are not born in Qin, but are willing to be loyal to many", all of which have been realized in Qin. Qin adopted a tolerant and open policy towards foreign talents, making Xianyang the capital of talents and Qin the most powerful country in politics, economy and culture.
Fourth, the social reform of "monarch is not public". Qin established the "county system" from Shang Yang's political reform, promoted the private ownership of land and gradually abolished the enfeoffment system. Its purpose is to crack down on the local forces of feudal princes, disintegrate the control of feudal nobles and lords on land, allow people to buy and sell land freely, and let farmers legally occupy land. This reform overthrew the system of "dividing fields into vassals" implemented since the Western Zhou Dynasty, restored the basic rights of grassroots people, liberated social productive forces and promoted the development of agriculture. After Qin Shihuang unified China, these measures continued to extend to the royal regulations and the "Shi Qing Shi Lu" system. For example, after the first emperor ascended the throne, he did not follow the ancestral system, "establishing Qin as a monarch and not establishing children as kings"; Lord officials at all levels were awarded military merit, and "the hero was a vassal"; Until the death of the first emperor, the country did not seal a queen or establish a prince. All officials were appointed according to the system and performed their duties. Qin Shihuang's reform based on "no learning and no skills" fully embodies his thought of governing the country based on "the society of the common people" and his political ideal of actively pushing China towards "the rule of the monarchy", which reflects that he was a great politician, reformer and emperor who sympathized with "the common people" and was close to the people in ancient China.
Fifth, political changes from ancient times to the present. Qin's most outstanding contribution in the history of China lies in its expansion of territory, recovery of western depressions, management of Bashu, development of South Vietnam, unification of China, and the creation of a centralized political system, including the following contents: First, the establishment of the emperor system and the system of three officials and nine ministers; The second is to establish a county system; The third is to formulate a sound legal system and implement the rule of law; The fourth is to advocate private ownership of land; Fifth, unified writing, unified currency, unified measurement and unified train tracks. Following the historical trend, Qin Shihuang not only realized the transformation of China society from feudal separatist regime to feudal unification, but also accurately grasped and controlled every historical joint in this transformation and created a political system that influenced China society for more than 2,000 years.