The surname of Jin State is Ji, which was founded by his younger brother. There is a joke that the State of Jin was born in Zhou Chengwang.
Jin State, the name of the vassal state in the Spring and Autumn Period of Zhou Dynasty, comes from Zhou Chengwang's brother Tang Shuyu. The territory is about the south of Shanxi Province today. Tang Shuyu's son, the father of Jin Houxie, moved to Jinshui, and by the time Jin Xiaohou arrived, the capital city was already famous (now Yicheng County, Shanxi Province); After Quwo replaced Iraq, he moved the capital to Jiang (now southeast of Yicheng County, Shanxi Province) and left Quwo (now east of wenxi county, Shanxi Province). In 403 BC, Han Qian, Evonne and Wei Si, three ministers of the State of Jin, became vassals and split the State of Jin. King Wei Lie of Zhou gave three princes, so Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, and the State of Jin perished.
Slightly complicated:
During the period of Zhou Chengwang, the Duke of Zhou was regent, and the "Three Supervisors" Rebellion happened in the newly born Western Zhou Dynasty. At that time, Tang Guo, located in Yicheng, Shanxi Province, also took part in the rebellion, and the Duke of Zhou conquered Tang Guo. In the tenth year of Zhou Chengwang (BC 1033), Zhou Chengwang played with his younger brother Yuji, and Zhou Chengwang cut a piece of buttonwood leaf into the shape of jadeite jade (a kind of jade taken by the ancient emperors during the ceremony) and said to Yuji, "I will give you this jadeite jade and make you a vassal of the Tang Dynasty." At that time, historians around immediately asked Zhou Chengwang to choose Ji Hitachi and Tang Hou. Zhou Chengwang said disapprovingly, "I was joking with my brother." However, historians seriously said to Zhou Chengwang: "The emperor was not joking, but recorded his words in the history books, completed the ceremony and sang songs."
Zhou Chengwang was helpless, so he had to seal concubine to Tang State as a vassal, and became a vassal himself (now Yicheng, Shanxi Province). This is the story of "cutting tung and sealing brother" in history. In ancient times, my younger brother was called uncle, so concubine was also called Tang Shuyu.
After Yu Ji's death, his son's father inherited the throne. Because the palace was built on the Jinshui River, it was renamed Jin, and Ji Xie's father was the first Jin Hou.
In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, most of Shaanxi Province today was covered by Xidi, and there were many small countries. After the founding of the State of Jin, it gradually annexed the surrounding small countries and became stronger.
In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the government of the State of Jin struggled with the nobles for a long time, and the national strength did not develop. Jin Muhou, the ninth monarch of the State of Jin, had two sons, Ji and Ji. After the death of Jin Muhou, Jin Muhou's younger brother Uncle Jin Yi usurped the throne. Four years later, Prince Qiu Ji killed his uncle Jin Yi and regained the throne for Jin.
In 745 BC, Jin Zhaohou, the son of Emperor Wen of Jin, succeeded to the throne. His uncle was a teacher in Quwo (now Wenxi, Shanxi), and his discipline was a teacher, and his famous song was Wo Hengshu. In the future, Uncle Quwo's power is stronger than that of Hou Zhao. As a result, Jin Zhaohou was in Yicheng, and Jin Hengshu was fragmented in Quwo, and wars often occurred. In 679 BC, Sun Jiyun, the fourth generation of Jin Zhaogong, was killed by Qu Wogong (the grandson of uncle Qu Woheng). Qu Wowu used all the treasures of the Duke of Jin to bribe Zhou, who named him Duke of Jin and listed him as a vassal. Duke Wu of Quwo succeeded to Jin and was renamed Duke Wu of Jin.
The newly-built state of Jin is full of vitality. Under the vigorous expansion of the second generation of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, the State of Jin eliminated twelve small countries, including Geng, Huo, Wei, Guo, Yu, Jiao, Yang, Han, Yang, Fei, Lu, Xiongnu and Gu, and defeated Li Rong (now Lintong, Shaanxi) and Chi Di (now Changzhi, Shanxi). When the State of Jin was strong, its territory included most of Shanxi, southeastern Shaanxi, northern Henan and Hebei.
In 636 BC, Jin Wengong ascended the throne, and he began to think about it. In 632 BC, Jin defeated Chu in Chengpu, and King Xiang of Zhou recognized him as the overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.
As early as in Jin Xiangong, in view of the lesson of his father, Emperor Wu of Jin, who seized the throne, he didn't believe and killed and exiled his relatives in large numbers, and appointed ministers with different surnames to assist Wang Zheng, which eventually led to the ministers with different surnames having more and more power, even exceeding their official positions. By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Jin Dynasty, a powerful situation of "Six Qing Dynasties (Branch, Bank of China, Fan, Han, Zhao and Wei)" had been formed. In the Warring States period, when you were in Jin Gong, your official position was even weaker. On the contrary, you often pay tribute to the doctors of Han, Zhao and Wei.
In 403 BC, King Wei Lie of Zhou recognized Han, Zhao and Wei as vassals. As a result, the three clans divided the land of Jin into three parts, leaving only Jiang (now Yicheng, Shanxi Province) and Quwo to the Jin government. In 369 BC, the Three Kingdoms were abolished in Guizhou, and Han and Zhao moved Jin Huangong and his officials to Guizhou (now Shaanxi). In 358 BC, Han moved to Duanshi (now Duanshi Township, Qinshui, Shanxi). In 349 BC, Zhao moved to Tunliu with Duan. That year, Han Zhaohou sent his close friend Han Qi to kill Jin Huangong and destroy the imperial court. The state of Jin fell.
From the founding of the People's Republic of China to 369 BC, the State of Jin was destroyed by Korea and Zhao successively, and * * * spread to 38 kings for 664 years.