1. Myth Origin Theory
2. Theory of biological origin
The representatives of biological origin theory are19th century French Little, American Thorndike and British Thomas Percy Nunn. According to the theory of biological origin, human education originated from the survival instinct activities of various animals in the animal kingdom.
3. Theory of psychological origin
American psychologist Luo is a representative figure of the theory of psychological origin. He believes that education originated from children's unconscious imitation of adults.
4. Theory of labor origin
The representatives of labor origin theory are mainly Midinsky and Kailov of the former Soviet Union. They believe that education originates from labor and is the dialectical unity of social production needs and human development needs in the process of labor.
Second, develop education.
1. Education in primitive society
Education in primitive society has no class nature, and educational activities are carried out in production and life.
2. Education in ancient society
Education in ancient society includes slave society education and feudal society education.
(1) slave social education
(1) China.
Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties: The content of education is "six arts", namely, ceremony, music, shooting, imperial, calligraphy and number.
② Western ancient Greek education
The only purpose of Spartan education is to train strong soldiers. The learning content is mainly "running, jumping, wrestling, discus throwing and javelin throwing", which is called "pentathlon".
The main contents of study in Athens are reading, writing, arithmetic, music, literature, politics, philosophy and so on. Cultivating people with harmonious development is a remarkable feature of Athens education.
(2) feudal social education
(1) China.
The Four Books and Five Classics, especially the four books: The University, The Analects of Confucius, The Doctrine of the Mean and Mencius, are regarded as the basic textbooks and the basis of the imperial examination.
② the west
In western feudal society, there were two types of education: missionary schools and knight schools.
(3) the characteristics of ancient school education
(1) Ancient school education was out of productive labor and unproductive.
(2) Ancient school education adapted to the development of ancient economy and politics, and it was class-oriented; Schools in feudal society were also hierarchical.
(3) Ancient school education adapts to the development of ancient ideology and culture, showing orthodoxy, rigidity and symbolism.
3. Education after the 20th century
New features of post-20th century education.
First, lifelong education.
Second, the popularization of education.
Third, the democratization of education.
Fourth, education is diversified.
Fifth, the modernization of educational technology.