Lingshanwei is a coastal defense project that began in Ming Dynasty. Built in the fifth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. It was originally a coastal military town built to resist Japanese invaders. It originated from the unique management system of integration of defense and civilian technologies in Ming Dynasty. Wei suo system is an important military system in Ming Dynasty, which was founded by Ming Taizu, and its concept originated from the officers and men system in Sui and Tang Dynasties.
According to the design of Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty, "garrison is set in every government and garrison is set in every county". Lingshan Garrison was under the jurisdiction of Laizhou Prefecture, Fushan Garrison and Xiong Ya Garrison belonged to Aoshan Garrison, and Lingshan Garrison was located in Jiaozhou after administration. Its former garrison is located in Xiahe Garrison, Langxie Town, and its left is located in Lingshan Acropolis. To the south is Anton Wei, which is under the jurisdiction of Qingzhou Prefecture. The left governs Shijiu Institute, then Taoluo Institute, and the right governs Anton Wei Institute. Along the eastern coast of China, it reaches Dandong at the mouth of Yalu River in the east and Fan Wei in Guangdong in the south. At the peak, there were 58 and 89 health centers respectively, stretching for more than 4,000 kilometers, forming a defense chain along the southeast coast. These guards are under the direct command of the commander-in-chief of Shandong Province. There are still many remaining health clinics in coastal areas, and many sites still exist after vicissitudes.
1372 (five years of Hongwu), Wei Youcheng sent Zhu Xing, commander of Xu Da, to build a tucheng to prevent the enemy. In history, it is as famous as Tianjin Wei and Ahava. It is connected with Jimo Aoshanwei in the east and Rizhao Andongwei in the south. Wei Ninghai (Mu Ping), Laizhou Wei, Dengzhou Wei (Penglai), Qingzhou Wei, Aoshan Wei, Ahava, Chengshan Wei (Rongcheng), Jinghai Wei (Rongcheng), Dasong Wei (Haiyang), Lingshan Wei and Andong Wei (Rizhao) are set up in Shandong. It constitutes the chain of coastal defense in the Ming Dynasty. After completion, the city is surrounded by three miles. The wall is 20 feet high and 10 feet thick. There are gates in the east, west, north and south, and the moat is 20 feet deep and 20 feet wide.
The second time, in the second year of Yongle (1404), he directed Guo Chong to build a new building. The perimeter of the city has expanded to five miles, with blue bricks, four doors and gatehouses, and more than ten shops have been added.
The third time, in the first year of Hongzhi (1488), Zhao He, the deputy governor, ordered the viceroy to rebuild again, and set up four gates on all sides, with Chaoyang in the east, martial arts in the west, Zhenhai in the south and grace in the north.
After three times of construction, the Lingshan Acropolis is neat and large-scale. It is square, the walls on both sides are turned over and compacted with loess in the middle. There are four gates in the city, and there is a gatehouse above the gate. Cross streets in the city run through the east, west, north and south of the city. The streets are spacious, checkerboard and symmetrical. Because there is Lingshan in the South China Sea, Wei is named after the mountain, so it is called Lingshan Wei. Later, with the increasing population, East Street, West Street and North Street residential areas appeared outside Weicheng. "Records of Lingshan Wei Zhi. "Jianzhi" contains: "Four doors are open, the streets are cross-shaped, all square, and there are stone pieces at the four corners. Among them, the boundary river enters from the north gate, exits from the south gate, flows into the south of the city, and gradually returns to the sea. " The city is divided into four streets: east, west, south and north. There are Health Department, Gong Xue, Experience Department and Tibetan Mastiff. There are martial arts venues, generals and halls in the east of the city. There are other religious buildings outside the city, such as Shetan, Fengtan, Yuntan, Leitan, Yutan, Xiannongtan, Chenghuang Temple, Guandi Temple, Xuanwu Temple, Sanguan Temple, Sansi Temple, Mashen Temple, Guanyin Pavilion, Fushou Temple and Chaoyang Temple. There are square surface buildings such as Linwen Square and Zhu Shi Square; There are Tongji Bridge, Changping Bridge, Heying Bridge and Xiaoshi Bridge.
Lingshanwei is a coastal defense city integrating military, political and civilian. It is not only an important acropolis for coastal national defense, but also an important coastal military and political place. According to the words at that time, it was "getting on the horse and managing the army, getting off the horse and managing the people", which was very important and of high grade. The commander of the Guard is the rank of Zhengpin, which is equivalent to a military division and a local prefecture-level city. Not only all kinds of military functions are complete, but also the functions of civil administration are perfect. The administrative area under its jurisdiction is much larger than today's prefecture-level cities. In addition, it also has a system of military camps and private land. Its financial functions are directly under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Housing. It was established nearly 300 years before the opening of Qingdao port, and it was not until the twelfth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty that it was downgraded to Lingshan Inspection Department, but its level was still the same as that of Jiaozhou at that time.
During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, a camp was set up along the coast of Shandong Province as an intermediate military command organization as commander-in-chief, envoy and guard. There are three camps in Shandong: Jimo camp (Jimo), Wendeng camp (Wendeng) and Dengzhou camp (Penglai). 3rd Battalion has jurisdiction over all 24 health centers in Shandong, Jimo Battalion has jurisdiction over Anton Health Center, Lingshan Health Center, Aoshan Health Center and Dasong Health Center, and there are 6,000 health centers in Shijiu, Xiahe, Jiaozhou, Fushan, Xiong Ya and Dashan (now belonging to Haiyang City). Wendeng Camp has jurisdiction over Jinghai Wei, Chengshan Wei, Ahava, Wei Ninghai and 4,000 households. Dengzhou camp governs Dengzhou Wei, Laizhou Wei and Qingzhou Wei, with 3,000 households. In the camp, there are Wu Zhi officials, such as President Shuai (commander, master), viceroy (slave) and viceroy (master). The general manager is the commander of each battalion, and he is responsible for the affairs of the general battalion together with the commander and commander. In this way, in the eastern part of Shandong Peninsula in the early Ming Dynasty, the military system of battalion, garrison and garrison was established and improved one after another. At that time, under the condition of underdeveloped transportation and communication, each battalion could quickly convey military orders nearby, which was convenient for guards and stations to respond in time to deal with sudden invasion at sea.
In the 12th year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1734), Wei was removed and transferred to Jimo. After the merger, the ancient city became increasingly barren. The Acropolis began to collapse during the Daoguang period. By the twentieth year of the Republic of China (193 1), there were only four city gates and some city walls left. In the early 1960s, there were still Wuyuemen in the west, and there were some broken walls. Almost all of them were demolished during the Cultural Revolution, leaving only beacon towers in the south of the city.