The Red Army's fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" failed under the wrong guidance of Wang Ming's "Left" deviation and was forced to make a long March. ? Historical significance: It completed the strategic shift, overcame many difficulties and obstacles through twists and turns, preserved and tempered the revolutionary backbone, publicized the party's purpose, carried forward revolutionary collectivism, revolutionary heroism and revolutionary optimism, and created conditions for the development of the revolutionary cause in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and China.

The evil consequence of Wang Ming's "Left" deviation is that the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" in the Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Hunan and Hubei Soviet areas and the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" in the Central China, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Soviet areas failed one after another. The Red Army suffered heavy losses, the army building was severely damaged, and the Party and the Red Army were forced to implement strategic shift.

The failure of the Central Soviet Area's counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression" changed the general pattern of China's revolutionary war, affected other Soviet areas, and made the Long March shift from local to overall.

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More than 80 years ago, the Fourth Route Red Army successively withdrew from the Soviet area, which it had worked so hard to create and manage, crossed Qian Shan, went through hardships, and successfully completed the strategic transfer of the revolutionary forces that decided China's fate, creating a miracle on earth.

Great pioneering work must meet the needs of the times. So, under what background did the Red Army's Long March take place?

The Long March of the Red Army took place at a time when China was facing national peril, and anti-Japanese national salvation became a top priority for the whole nation.

The September 18th Incident was the beginning of Japanese attempt to destroy China. 1932, the Japanese army launched an attack on Shanghai, creating the "December 28th Incident", which further accelerated the pace of aggression against China. 1in the spring of 933, the Japanese army successively captured Shanhaiguan and Jehol, and occupied some areas north of the Great Wall, aiming at Ping Jin.

The Japanese army stepped up its invasion of China, and the crisis of the Chinese nation became increasingly serious. Uniting against aggression, resisting Japan and saving the nation has gradually become the political theme of China society and the common demand of the people all over the country.

However, Chiang Kai-shek went against the historical trend, stubbornly taking "doing things outside must be done inside" as the basic national policy to deal with internal and external relations, repeatedly compromising with Japan and constantly mobilizing heavy troops to "encircle and encircle" the Soviet area and the Red Army.

1On April 6, 933, Chiang Kai-shek declared in "Tell the General to Lead the bandits to Talk about Anti-Japanese Electricity" that the generals at the front line of "communist suppression" "if they plead in the north, they have no intention of fighting bandits, and they will never be slightly tolerant"; "Speak out against Japan" and "stand and cut". Under the non-resistance policy of Chiang Kai-shek clique, both the "December 28th" War of Resistance and the Great Wall War of Resistance ended in failure.

Under the increasingly serious national crisis, Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "settling down first when busy outside" has been dissatisfied by Chinese people and condemned by public opinion, and even opposed by some people in the Kuomintang ruling group and local power groups.

An article entitled "If I were Chiang Kai-shek" published in Independent Review criticized the policy of non-resistance as "the worst suicide policy", which turned China into "a big piece of fat meat" and then the Japanese "cut it off with one knife".

The members of the Kuomintang Central Committee in Guangdong called the Kuomintang Central Executive Committee, saying that "there is no other way but to fight the war of resistance" and demanded that the National Government earnestly carry out the war of resistance. 1933 In May, Feng Yuxiang established the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Coalition in Zhangjiakou, and then recovered all the lost land in Chahar Province.

People's Network-What is the background of the Red Army's Long March?

While the Red Army in the Central Soviet Area was in a passive position in the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", Chen, Jiang Guangnai and Cai Tingkai, the generals of the Kuomintang's No.1 19 Route Army in Fujian, joined forces with the anti-Chiang forces, and launched the "Fujian Incident" on June1933+065438+1October 20, publicly announcing their anti-Chiang.