In the pre-Qin period, Guangdong ancestors lived and multiplied in this land very early. About 6.5438+0.29 million years ago, the early ancients (Maba people) appeared in Lingnan. In ancient times, northern Guangdong, western Guangdong and northern Guangdong were generally ruled by the ancient Cangwu state, while eastern Guangdong and northern Guangdong were ancient countries established by Fujian and Yangyue nationalities.

Guangdong has been a place where many cultures meet and coexist since ancient times. During the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty, Guangdong ancestors had economic and cultural exchanges with the Shang and Zhou Dynasties in the Central Plains. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Lingnan and Wu Yuechu had close relations and frequent contacts. Around the Warring States Period, Xi 'ou and Luoyue emerged in most parts of Guangxi and some parts of Guangdong.

Guangdong is called Baiyue in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, Nanyue in Historical Records and Nanyue in Hanshu, which is connected with Guangdong, also referred to as Guangdong for short, and generally refers to places in Lingnan area.

According to the comparative study of modern Chinese dialects in ancient Vietnam, it is found that many words are quite consistent. Therefore, it can be seen that Fujian-Vietnamese, Ou-Vietnamese, South-Vietnamese and Luoyue were probably interoperable in ancient times, because the components of the ancient Vietnamese were still obvious.

The characteristics of ancient Vietnamese are: the pronunciation is light, and nouns are modified with consonants and disyllables; The word order is reversed, and adjectives or adverbs are placed after nouns or verbs.

Extended data

In 222 BC, after Ying Zheng, king of Qin, unified the six countries, he sent Tu Youyou to lead 500,000 Qin Jun to attack Lingnan. In 2 14 BC, Qin Jun basically occupied Lingnan. Immediately, Qin Shihuang set up three counties of "Guilin, Elephant and Nanhai" in the Lingnan area he captured.

After Qin Shihuang cut through the Lingqu and conquered Lingnan, most of the soldiers left after the war stayed in Lingnan. Later,10.5 million young women migrated from the Central Plains to various parts of the Xijiang River via Gui Jiang and Hejiang, which brought advanced Central Plains culture to Lingnan and gradually merged with Lingnan people.

After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, the prefect of Nanhai County, annexed Guilin County and Xiang Jun County to become kings, and established a short-lived Nanyue State. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the former 1 13 Han Dynasty sent troops to destroy South Vietnam, and the ancient Vietnamese were annexed and merged from then on. In the Han Dynasty, "using the old to control the old" promoted the formation of Guangfu people's embryonic form, and most areas of South Vietnam were assimilated with people from the Central Plains (Henan) who entered Guangdong.

Guangdong dialect not only inherits Lingnan Nanyue dialect (ancient Cantonese) in the pre-Qin period, but also retains the elegance of Zhongyuan dialect (ancient Henan dialect). Cantonese has a history of more than 2200 years since the Qin Dynasty.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Cantonese