1. In ancient times, our ancestors gradually came up with the concept of number in order to estimate the output and daily needs in the process of hunting, fishing, poultry raising and labor tools production. For example, if you go hunting, you may get nothing, so the concepts of "yes" and "no" have gradually emerged, and then the concepts of "more" and "less" have emerged.
2. The earliest tools used by human beings to count are fingers and toes, but they can only represent numbers within 20. When the number was large, primitive people mostly counted pebbles and beans. Gradually, people were not satisfied with counting by grains, so they invented the method of knotting to describe counting, and described counting on hides, bones, trees and stones.
3. The generation and development of numbers are closely related to social development and human needs. With the progress and development of society, the application scope of mathematics is more and more extensive. It is not only a science, but also a language and a tool widely used in various fields.
The development history of numbers can be divided into the following stages:
1, primitive counting stage: In order to make a living, people in primitive times went out to hunt and collect fruits every day. In this process, they began to understand the difference between being and not being, more and less, and then formed a one-to-many concept. With the progress and development of society, simple counting has become necessary, so people begin to count with fingers and toes, or use methods such as "stone counting", "knot counting" and "gap counting".
2. Symbol counting stage: In order to express and use numbers more conveniently, people began to create digital symbols. The earliest numerical symbols were represented by symbols carved on animal bones, and later developed into Arabic numerals. In this process, numbers are gradually concretized and standardized, forming the Arabic numeral system that we are familiar with today.
3. Decimal stage: In the long-term practice, human beings have found that decimal is the most convenient and practical. Decimal means to input one bit for every ten numbers, which makes the combination and operation of numbers simple and intuitive. At the same time, decimal system is also the most widely used digital system in the world.
4. Digital development stage: With the development of mathematics and the popularization of computer technology, people began to study the properties and laws of numbers, such as Pythagoras theorem, Euclid geometry, algebra and algebra. These research results not only promote the development of mathematics, but also provide a foundation for computer science.
5. The emergence of calculators and computers: In order to solve complex mathematical problems, people invented calculators and computers. These electronic devices can complete various mathematical operations quickly and accurately, which greatly promotes the development and application of mathematics.