2. The Song Dynasty was established at the end of the Five Dynasties. Zhao Kuangyin and Song Taizu launched a mutiny, seized the throne of the later Zhou Dynasty and changed to self-reliance. They continued to unify the world in Zhou Shizong, and finally basically completed the national reunification. Emperor Taizong, Zhao Kuangyin and Emperor Taizong, Zhao Guangyi only launched several rounds of Northern Expedition in the Song Dynasty, and their territory was roughly formed in the early and middle period of the Song Dynasty. Since then, the Song Dynasty has always adopted a passive defense strategy of emphasizing the interior and neglecting the exterior, and rarely went to war with the North.
3. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, in order to avoid repeating the tragedy of the late Tang Dynasty in which the vassal regions were divided and eunuchs frequently intervened, Zhao Kuangyin returned the general's power to the central government, implemented the national policy of worshiping and restraining the military, and adopted a political and legal system combining the recruitment system with the command system. This national policy has far-reaching influence: on the one hand, the local military resources in the Song Dynasty are extremely extensive, and in the end, there are few ministers in the Song Dynasty, with developed industry and commerce, developed science and technology and extremely prosperous culture; On the other hand, it also led to the weakness of military equipment since the early establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty, which was frequently defeated by foreign invasion in the north, and repeatedly defeated Xixia and Qidan.
4. Song Dynasty1126-1127 is hard to get better. Huidi and Qin Emperor were captured by the Jin people, and the Song family was forced to move south to Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province), bordering on the invading Huaishui and Dasanguan of Jin State. Historically known as the Southern Song Dynasty, the capital city before this was Biandao. 1276, the capital Lin 'an fell, and the Southern Song Dynasty was conquered by the Yuan Empire established by Kublai Khan of Mongolia.